2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Drug Metabolite
  4. (±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid  (Synonyms: 4-en-VPA; 2-Allylpentanoic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-124087 Purity: ≥98.0%
COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid (4-en-VPA) is a major toxic metabolite of Valproic acid. (±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid exhibits neuroteratogenicity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid Chemical Structure

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1575-72-0

Size Price Stock Quantity
10 mg USD 60 In-stock
25 mg USD 120 In-stock
50 mg USD 190 In-stock
100 mg   Get quote  
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid (4-en-VPA) is a major toxic metabolite of Valproic acid. (±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid exhibits neuroteratogenicity[1][2].

In Vitro

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid (1 mM; 26 h) induces approximately 50% of dysmorphogenic mouse embryos[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid Related Antibodies
Molecular Weight

142.20

Formula

C8H14O2
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 0.943±0.06 g/cm3)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

C=CCC(CCC)C(O)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (703.23 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 7.0323 mL 35.1617 mL 70.3235 mL
5 mM 1.4065 mL 7.0323 mL 14.0647 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.58 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.58 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

COA (246 KB) HNMR (230 KB) MS (71 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 7.0323 mL 35.1617 mL 70.3235 mL 175.8087 mL
5 mM 1.4065 mL 7.0323 mL 14.0647 mL 35.1617 mL
10 mM 0.7032 mL 3.5162 mL 7.0323 mL 17.5809 mL
15 mM 0.4688 mL 2.3441 mL 4.6882 mL 11.7206 mL
20 mM 0.3516 mL 1.7581 mL 3.5162 mL 8.7904 mL
25 mM 0.2813 mL 1.4065 mL 2.8129 mL 7.0323 mL
30 mM 0.2344 mL 1.1721 mL 2.3441 mL 5.8603 mL
40 mM 0.1758 mL 0.8790 mL 1.7581 mL 4.3952 mL
50 mM 0.1406 mL 0.7032 mL 1.4065 mL 3.5162 mL
60 mM 0.1172 mL 0.5860 mL 1.1721 mL 2.9301 mL
80 mM 0.0879 mL 0.4395 mL 0.8790 mL 2.1976 mL
100 mM 0.0703 mL 0.3516 mL 0.7032 mL 1.7581 mL
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(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

(±)-2-Propyl-4-pentenoic acid1575-72-04-en-VPA 2-Allylpentanoic acidDrug MetaboliteValproicacidneuroteratogenicityInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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