3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid

Name: 3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-113409
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-113409 Purity: ≥97.0%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid is a normal endogenous metabolite excreted in the urine. The urinary excretion of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid is early and sensitive indicator of biotin deficiency.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 625-08-1

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity
Liquid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	USD 55	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	USD 55	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Liquid
500 mg	USD 50	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
1 g	USD 70	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
5 g	USD 100	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 g	USD 140	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid is a normal endogenous metabolite excreted in the urine. The urinary excretion of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid is early and sensitive indicator of biotin deficiency^[1]^[2].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

In Vitro

The reduced activity of methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (MCC) leads to an elevated excretion of 3-methylcrotonic acid, the product of its hydration (3-hydroxyisovaleric acid: 3-HIA), and 3-methylcrotonylglycine, formed by conjugation with glycine^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

In male mice (ICR/Jcl) at 8 weeks of age fed the biotin-deficient diet for 6 weeks, the concentration of urinary 3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid is 114.2 mM creatinine, which is higher than the concentration of 35.2 mM creatinine in mice fed the biotin-deficient diet for 4 weeks^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

118.13

Formula

C₅H₁₀O₃

CAS No.

625-08-1

Appearance

Liquid (Density: 0.938 g/cm³)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

CC(C)(O)CC(O)=O

Structure Classification

Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids

Initial Source

Microorganisms

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (423.26 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	8.4653 mL	42.3263 mL	84.6525 mL
5 mM	1.6931 mL	8.4653 mL	16.9305 mL
10 mM	0.8465 mL	4.2326 mL	8.4653 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.16 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.16 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.16 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥97.0%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (270 KB) SDS (393 KB)

COA (244 KB) HNMR (225 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Mock NI, et al. Increased urinary excretion of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid and decreased urinary excretion of biotin are sensitive early indicators of decreased biotin status in experimental biotin deficiency. 1997 Apr;65(4):951-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. Watanabe T, et al. Measurement of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in urine of biotin-deficient infants and mice by HPLC. J Nutr. 2005 Mar;135(3):615-8. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	8.4653 mL	42.3263 mL	84.6525 mL	211.6313 mL
	5 mM	1.6931 mL	8.4653 mL	16.9305 mL	42.3263 mL
	10 mM	0.8465 mL	4.2326 mL	8.4653 mL	21.1631 mL
	15 mM	0.5644 mL	2.8218 mL	5.6435 mL	14.1088 mL
	20 mM	0.4233 mL	2.1163 mL	4.2326 mL	10.5816 mL
	25 mM	0.3386 mL	1.6931 mL	3.3861 mL	8.4653 mL
	30 mM	0.2822 mL	1.4109 mL	2.8218 mL	7.0544 mL
	40 mM	0.2116 mL	1.0582 mL	2.1163 mL	5.2908 mL
	50 mM	0.1693 mL	0.8465 mL	1.6931 mL	4.2326 mL
	60 mM	0.1411 mL	0.7054 mL	1.4109 mL	3.5272 mL
	80 mM	0.1058 mL	0.5291 mL	1.0582 mL	2.6454 mL
	100 mM	0.0847 mL	0.4233 mL	0.8465 mL	2.1163 mL