Cotinine (Synonyms: (-)-Cotinine; (S)-Cotinine; NIH-10498)

Name: Cotinine
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B1178
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-B1178 Purity: 98.46%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

Cotinine ((-)-Cotinine) is an orally active alkaloid found in tobacco and is the primary metabolite of nicotine. Cotinine is metabolized by CYP2A13 into trans-3'-hydroxycotinine. Cotinine is used as a biomarker to measure exposure to tobacco smoke components. Cotinine has vasodepressor activity. The mixture of cotinine and nicotine (Nicotine) has antiproliferative activity against pterygium. (S)-(-)-Cotinine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in a calcium-dependent manner, leading to the release of dopamine (Dopamine, HY-B0451). Cotinine ((-)-Cotinine) is used in research related to cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Cotinine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 486-56-6

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity
Solid or liquid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	USD 34	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	USD 34	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid or liquid
25 mg	USD 30	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 mg	USD 46	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
100 mg	USD 70	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
200 mg		Get quote
500 mg		Get quote

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Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Cotinine:

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Cotinine

•Research Square Preprint. 2021 Aug.

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
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Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

In Vitro

Mixture of Cotinine and Nicotine (2 μM Cotinine + 0.15 μM Nicotine, 7 days) retards the proliferation rate of human primary pterygium cells^[4].
(S)-(-)-Cotinine (1–100 μM) was inhibited by the nicotinic receptor antagonists Mecamylamine (HY-B1395A) and Dihydro-β-erythroidine (HY-N10497) in the inhibition of dopamine release from rat striatal slices^[5].
(S)-(-)-Cotinine (10–1000 μM) was inhibited in the release of dopamine from rat striatal slices by treatment with a low calcium buffer^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Proliferation Assay^[5]

Cell Line:	Human primary pterygium cells
Concentration:	2 μM (Cotinine) + 0.15 μM (Nicotine)
Incubation Time:	7 days
Result:	Exhibited a significant reduction in MTT signal by 16.04% at day 7.

In Vivo

Cotinine (1 mg/kg (Nicotine), i.v., sampled at 5-60 min after administration) has a long biological half-life (19-24 hours) in Sprague-Dawley rats and is retained and accumulated in plasma for an extended period^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Mongrel male dogs (weighting 10.0 kg, pentobarbital anesthesia (30mg/kg))
Dosage:	25, 50, 100, 200, 500 mg/kg
Administration:	Intravenous injection (i.v.)
Result:	Caused a transient fall in blood pressure (in 10 ml of saline, at a rate of 0.5 ml/second).

Animal Model:	Male Swiss-Webster strain albino mice (14 to 23 g)
Dosage:	0.01 mL/g
Administration:	ntraperitoneal administration (i.v.), oral gavage(p.o.)
Result:	Had an LD50 of 930 mg/kg for intraperitoneal administration and 1604 mg/kg for oral gavage.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

176.22

Formula

C₁₀H₁₂N₂O

CAS No.

486-56-6

Appearance

<40°C Solid,>42°C Liquid

Color

White to light brown

SMILES

O=C1N(C)[C@H](C2=CC=CN=C2)CC1

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

Ethanol : 120 mg/mL (680.97 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 65 mg/mL (368.86 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	5.6747 mL	28.3736 mL	56.7472 mL
5 mM	1.1349 mL	5.6747 mL	11.3494 mL
10 mM	0.5675 mL	2.8374 mL	5.6747 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (12.31 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (12.31 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (12.31 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.42%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (283 KB) SDS (394 KB)

COA (254 KB) HNMR (202 KB) LCMS (344 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Dolcini MM, et al. An assessment of the validity of adolescent self-reported smoking using three biological indicators. Nicotine Tob Res. 2003 Aug;5(4):473-83. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sastry BV, et al. Distribution and retention of nicotine and its metabolite, cotinine, in the rat as a function of time. Pharmacology. 1995 Feb;50(2):128-36. [Content Brief]

[3]. Borzelleca J F, et al. Studies on the respiratory and cardiovascular effects of (-)-cotinine[J]. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1962, 137(3): 313-318. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yang Q, et al. Continuous exposure of nicotine and cotinine retards human primary pterygium cell proliferation and migration. [Content Brief]

[5]. Dwoskin L P, et al. (S)-(−)-Cotinine, the major brain metabolite of nicotine, stimulates nicotinic receptors to evoke [3H] dopamine release from rat striatal slices in a calcium-dependent manner[J]. Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1999, 288(3): 905-911. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO / Ethanol	1 mM	5.6747 mL	28.3736 mL	56.7472 mL	141.8681 mL
	5 mM	1.1349 mL	5.6747 mL	11.3494 mL	28.3736 mL
	10 mM	0.5675 mL	2.8374 mL	5.6747 mL	14.1868 mL
	15 mM	0.3783 mL	1.8916 mL	3.7831 mL	9.4579 mL
	20 mM	0.2837 mL	1.4187 mL	2.8374 mL	7.0934 mL
	25 mM	0.2270 mL	1.1349 mL	2.2699 mL	5.6747 mL
	30 mM	0.1892 mL	0.9458 mL	1.8916 mL	4.7289 mL
	40 mM	0.1419 mL	0.7093 mL	1.4187 mL	3.5467 mL
	50 mM	0.1135 mL	0.5675 mL	1.1349 mL	2.8374 mL
	60 mM	0.0946 mL	0.4729 mL	0.9458 mL	2.3645 mL
	80 mM	0.0709 mL	0.3547 mL	0.7093 mL	1.7734 mL
	100 mM	0.0567 mL	0.2837 mL	0.5675 mL	1.4187 mL

Cotinine Related Classifications

Inflammation/Immunology Cardiovascular Disease

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Cotinine (Synonyms: (-)-Cotinine; (S)-Cotinine; NIH-10498)

Customer Review

Other Forms of Cotinine:

Cotinine Related Antibodies

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Cotinine

Featured Recommendations

•Related Screening Libraries:

•Related Small Molecules:

•Related Proteins:

Biological Activity

Purity & Documentation

References

Customer Review

Cotinine Related Antibodies

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Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Cotinine Related Classifications

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