2. NF-κB
  3. Keap1-Nrf2
  4. Ginsenoside Rh3

Ginsenoside Rh3 is a bacterial metabolite of Ginsenoside Rg5. Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment in human retinal cells induces Nrf2 activation.

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Ginsenoside Rh3 Chemical Structure

Ginsenoside Rh3 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 105558-26-7

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Customer Review

Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Ginsenoside Rh3:

Ginsenoside Rh3 Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Ginsenoside Rh3

WB

    Ginsenoside Rh3 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Mar;117:238-246.  [Abstract]

    Nrf2 protein level is significantly increased by Ginsenoside Rh3.

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Ginsenoside Rh3 is a bacterial metabolite of Ginsenoside Rg5. Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment in human retinal cells induces Nrf2 activation.

    IC50 & Target

    Nrf2[1]
    In Vitro

    Ginsenoside Rh3 inhibits UV-induced oxidative damages in retinal cells via activating nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment in retinal cells induces Nrf2 activation. The potential activity of Ginsenoside Rh3 is tested on Nrf2 signaling in the retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPEs). The qRT-PCR assay results demonstrate that treatment with Ginsenoside Rh3 dose-dependently increases mRNA transcription and expression of key Nrf2-regulated genes, including HO1, NQO1 and GCLC. Consequently, protein expressions of these Nrf2-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1 and GCLC) are also significantly increased in Ginsenoside Rh3 (3-10 μM)-treated RPEs. Notably, although Nrf2 mRNA level is unchanged after Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment, its protein level is significantly increased by Rh3[1]. EZ-Cytox assay is used to assess the effect of ginsenoside-Rh3 on SP 1-keratinocytes viability. Ginsenoside Rh3 (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM) shows no cytotoxic effect at all concentrations[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Ginsenoside Rh3 Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    The potential effect of Ginsenoside Rh3 is examined on mouse retina, using the light-induced retinal damage model. Ginsenoside Rh3 intravitreal injection (5 mg/kg body weight, 30 min pre-treatment) significantly attenuates light-induced decrease of both a- and b-wave amplitude. The electroretinography (ERG)'s a-wave decreases to 46.03±1.62% % of control level after light exposure, which is back to 71.84±7.51% with Ginsenoside Rh3 administration. The b-wave is 40.19±3.34% of control level by light exposure, and Rh3 intravitreal injection brings back to 80.01±2.37% of control level[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    604.86

    Formula

    C36H60O7
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    C[C@@]([C@@]12C)(CC[C@@]3([H])C4(C)C)[C@@](C[C@@H](O)[C@]1([H])[C@@H](/C(C)=C\C/C=C(C)/C)CC2)([H])[C@]3(CC[C@@H]4O[C@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]5O)O)([H])O[C@@H]5CO)C
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 6.67 mg/mL (11.03 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.6533 mL 8.2664 mL 16.5328 mL
    5 mM 0.3307 mL 1.6533 mL 3.3066 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: 0.67 mg/mL (1.11 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a suspended solution of 0.67 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (6.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 0.67 mg/mL (1.11 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.67 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (6.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.95%

    COA (250 KB) HNMR (154 KB) RP-HPLC (121 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [2]

    SP-1 keratinocytes are seeded in 96 well plates (2×104 cells/well). After 24 h, the media is replaced with media containing various concentrations of (A) SKRG, or (B) Ginsenoside Rh3 (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM). Control cells are treated with DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%. After 24 h, the media containing the compounds or DMSO is replaced with media containing 10% EZ-Cytox. The cells are then incubated at 37°C for 1 h, and the absorbance is measured using a microplate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm. All assays are performed in triplicate[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [1]

    Mice[1]
    The BALB/c mice (Male, 5-6 week old, 17-18 g weight) are used. The pupillary dilation is performed before exposure to 5000 lx of white fluorescent light. Thirty min before light exposure, Ginsenoside Rh3 (at 5 mg/kg body weight) are injected intravitreally to the right eye. ERG recording after light exposure is also reported early. The b-wave amplitude is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the peak of the b-wave, and the amplitude of the a-wave is measured from the initial baseline.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 1.6533 mL 8.2664 mL 16.5328 mL 41.3319 mL
    5 mM 0.3307 mL 1.6533 mL 3.3066 mL 8.2664 mL
    10 mM 0.1653 mL 0.8266 mL 1.6533 mL 4.1332 mL
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    Ginsenoside Rh3 Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Ginsenoside Rh3105558-26-7Ginsenoside Rh 3Ginsenoside Rh-3Keap1-Nrf2Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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