Isovalerylcarnitine

Name: Isovalerylcarnitine
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-113221
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-113221 Purity: 99.76%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

Isovalerylcarnitine is a product of the catabolism of L-leucine. Isovalerylcarnitine is also a selective and reversible calpain activator that induces apoptosis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Isovalerylcarnitine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 31023-24-2

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity
5 mg	USD 100	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	USD 160	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 mg		Get quote
100 mg		Get quote

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This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Isovalerylcarnitine:

Isovalerylcarnitine chloride Get quote
Isovalerylcarnitine (Standard) Get quote

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

Isovalerylcarnitine is a product of the catabolism of L-leucine. Isovalerylcarnitine is also a selective and reversible calpain activator that induces apoptosis^[1]^[2]^[3].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

In Vitro

Isovalerylcarnitine produces an early and marked increase in phagocytosis and also in cell killing, as well as reduces proliferation, in U937 leukemic cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

245.32

Formula

C₁₂H₂₃NO₄

CAS No.

31023-24-2

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

CC(C)CC(O[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C)=O

Structure Classification

Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids

Initial Source

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (407.63 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (203.82 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	4.0763 mL	20.3815 mL	40.7631 mL
5 mM	0.8153 mL	4.0763 mL	8.1526 mL
10 mM	0.4076 mL	2.0382 mL	4.0763 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.76%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (273 KB) SDS (251 KB)

COA (249 KB) HNMR (229 KB) RP-HPLC (240 KB) MS (79 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Pontremoli S, et al. Isovalerylcarnitine is a specific activator of calpain of human neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Nov 13;148(3):1189-95. [Content Brief]

[2]. Ferrara F, et al. Evaluation of carnitine, acetylcarnitine and isovalerylcarnitine on immune function and apoptosis. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2005;31(3):109-14. [Content Brief]

[3]. Pontremoli S, et al. Isovalerylcarnitine is a specific activator of the high calcium requiring calpain forms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Feb 28;167(1):373-80. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO / H₂O	1 mM	4.0763 mL	20.3815 mL	40.7631 mL	101.9077 mL
	5 mM	0.8153 mL	4.0763 mL	8.1526 mL	20.3815 mL
	10 mM	0.4076 mL	2.0382 mL	4.0763 mL	10.1908 mL
	15 mM	0.2718 mL	1.3588 mL	2.7175 mL	6.7938 mL
	20 mM	0.2038 mL	1.0191 mL	2.0382 mL	5.0954 mL
	25 mM	0.1631 mL	0.8153 mL	1.6305 mL	4.0763 mL
	30 mM	0.1359 mL	0.6794 mL	1.3588 mL	3.3969 mL
	40 mM	0.1019 mL	0.5095 mL	1.0191 mL	2.5477 mL
	50 mM	0.0815 mL	0.4076 mL	0.8153 mL	2.0382 mL
	60 mM	0.0679 mL	0.3397 mL	0.6794 mL	1.6985 mL
	80 mM	0.0510 mL	0.2548 mL	0.5095 mL	1.2738 mL
	100 mM	0.0408 mL	0.2038 mL	0.4076 mL	1.0191 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.