2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
  4. Tapinarof

Tapinarof  (Synonyms: WBI-1001; Benvitimod; GSK2894512)

Cat. No.: HY-109044 Purity: 99.95%
COA Handling Instructions

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Tapinarof (WBI-1001) is a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist with an EC50 of 13 nM. Tapinarof resolves skin inflammation in mice.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Tapinarof Chemical Structure

Tapinarof Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 79338-84-4

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Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Tapinarof:

Tapinarof Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Tapinarof (WBI-1001) is a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist with an EC50 of 13 nM. Tapinarof resolves skin inflammation in mice[1].

IC50 & Target

EC50: 13 nM (AhR)[1]
In Vitro

Tapinarof activates the AhR pathway through direct binding. Tapinarof dose-dependently induces nuclear translocation of AhR in immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) (EC50=0.16 nM)[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Tapinarof Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Tapinarof acts through AhR to reduce inflammation in IMQ-treated mice. AhR-sufficient mice on a C57Bl/6 background exhibit a reduced clinical score after treatment with Tapinarof or 6-formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ). In contrast, AhR KO mice do not respond to the anti-inflammatory effects of Tapinarof. FICZ is used as a comparator in these studies and yields similar results, with dramatically reduced inflammatory responses in wild-type, but not AhR KO mice[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

254.32

Formula

C17H18O2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light yellow

SMILES

OC1=C(C(C)C)C(O)=CC(/C=C/C2=CC=CC=C2)=C1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

Ethanol : ≥ 100 mg/mL (393.21 mM)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (393.21 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.9321 mL 19.6603 mL 39.3205 mL
5 mM 0.7864 mL 3.9321 mL 7.8641 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

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  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.83 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.83 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.95%

COA (247 KB) HNMR (229 KB) LCMS (264 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

HaCaT cells (10,000 cells/well) are cultured in 96-well Greiner μCLEAR plates in 100 μL DMEM with HEPES, Glutamax and 10% fetal bovine serum to confluence. Media is replaced with 100 μL media containing 0.2% heat-inactivated, charcoal-stripped fetal bovine serum and incubated overnight. Titrating concentrations of Tapinarof (10-8 μM ,10-6 μM, 10-4 μM, 0.01 μM, and 1 μM) are added for 30 minutes followed by washing and fixing in ice-cold methanol:acetone (50:50). Samples are blocked with 3% BSA for 1 hour, and then washed again in phosphate buffered saline with 0.1% Tween-20. Next, cells are stained with 50 μL of 1:50 dilution anti-AhR antibody in 3% BSA, followed by 50 μL secondary antibody (1:500 dilution chicken anti-rabbit AlexaFluor488 and 1:2,000 dilution Hoechst 33342) in 3% BSA/phosphate buffered saline. Images are acquired on InCell 2000 and/or Opera. Image analysis is performed using InCell Analyzer Workstation and/or Columbus[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[1]

Mice[1]
Female BALB/c mice (BALB/cByJRj) are used. Studies are performed using 100 µL of Tapinarof (1%) or FICZ (0.01%, at the limit of solubility) in 60% ethanol: 40% water[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
Ethanol / DMSO 1 mM 3.9321 mL 19.6603 mL 39.3205 mL 98.3013 mL
5 mM 0.7864 mL 3.9321 mL 7.8641 mL 19.6603 mL
10 mM 0.3932 mL 1.9660 mL 3.9321 mL 9.8301 mL
15 mM 0.2621 mL 1.3107 mL 2.6214 mL 6.5534 mL
20 mM 0.1966 mL 0.9830 mL 1.9660 mL 4.9151 mL
25 mM 0.1573 mL 0.7864 mL 1.5728 mL 3.9321 mL
30 mM 0.1311 mL 0.6553 mL 1.3107 mL 3.2767 mL
40 mM 0.0983 mL 0.4915 mL 0.9830 mL 2.4575 mL
50 mM 0.0786 mL 0.3932 mL 0.7864 mL 1.9660 mL
60 mM 0.0655 mL 0.3277 mL 0.6553 mL 1.6384 mL
80 mM 0.0492 mL 0.2458 mL 0.4915 mL 1.2288 mL
100 mM 0.0393 mL 0.1966 mL 0.3932 mL 0.9830 mL
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Tapinarof Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Tapinarof79338-84-4WBI-1001 Benvitimod GSK2894512WBI1001WBI 1001GSK2894512GSK 2894512GSK-2894512Aryl Hydrocarbon ReceptorAhRInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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