2. Anti-infection Apoptosis
  3. SARS-CoV Apoptosis
  4. Cnicin

Cnicin is an orally bioavailable sesquiterpene lactone. Cnicin has antibacterial and antiproliferative properties and induces apoptosis in primary myeloma cells. Cnicin also exhibits activity against SARS-CoV-2. Cnicin inhibits the viral replication of SARS CoV-2 with an IC50 of 1.18 μg/mL. Cnicin can promote functional nerve regeneration.

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Cnicin Chemical Structure

Cnicin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 24394-09-0

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Cnicin Related Antibodies

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Description

Cnicin is an orally bioavailable sesquiterpene lactone. Cnicin has antibacterial and antiproliferative properties and induces apoptosis in primary myeloma cells. Cnicin also exhibits activity against SARS-CoV-2. Cnicin inhibits the viral replication of SARS CoV-2 with an IC50 of 1.18 μg/mL. Cnicin can promote functional nerve regeneration[1][2][3][4][5].

In Vitro

Cnicin (0-10 μM, 72 h) inhibits the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells, with an IC50 of 3-13 μM, and induces apoptosis[1].
Cnicin (2 μM, 0-12 h) induces cell death, partly depending on caspase[1].
Cnicin (0.5-5 nM, 4 days) has significant effects on promoting nerve regeneration[3].
Cnicin demonstrates strong inhibitory activity on NF-κB, SP-1, and iNOS in PMA (HY-18739) induced SW1353 cells, with IC50 values of 1.8, 16, and 6.5 µM[4].
Cnicin (50 μg) has a zone of inhibition for Gram-positive bacteria ranging from 14-17 mm, and for Gram-negative bacteria, it ranges from 10-20 mm[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cnicin Related Antibodies

Cell Proliferation Assay[1]

Cell Line: LP-1, NCI, OPM-2, RPMI, U266, MM1.S
Concentration: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 μM
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Inhibited cell proliferation.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: NCI-H929
Concentration: 2 μM
Incubation Time: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 h
Result: Induced the activation of Caspase, downregulation of Caspase 3, cleavage of Caspase 3 and cleaved Caspases 8 and 9.
In Vivo

Cnicin (0.28-28 μg/kg, intravenous injection, once a day, 3-12 days) effectively promotes nerve regeneration and accelerates functional recovery in mice[3].
Pharmacokinetic parameters of a single intravenous or oral administration of 0.8 mg Cnicin in rats[3]

Parameters Estimate RES (%)
Ka (1/min) 0.0321 18.4
CL (1/min) 0.00101 10.7
VC (l) 0.00745 8.9
F1 (%) 0.847 14.6
Qp (1/min) 0.00298 5.0
Vp (l) 0.00985 12.5
Lag time (min) 5.02 13.6
CL (%) 17.2 (13.0) 31.6
Vc (%) 29.0 (32.0) 27.8
Additive error (%) 4.76 (6.4) 12.1

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Nerve injury mice[3]
Dosage: 0.28, 2.8, 28 µg/kg; daily; 3-12 days
Administration: Intravenous injection
Result: Improved axon regeneration in sensory neurons and increased axon length in sensory, motor, and sympathetic neurons.
Molecular Weight

378.42

Formula

C20H26O7
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(C([C@@H](O)CO)=C)O[C@@H](C/C(C)=C/CC1)[C@](C2=C)([H])[C@@](OC2=O)([H])/C=C1\CO
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (264.26 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.6426 mL 13.2128 mL 26.4257 mL
5 mM 0.5285 mL 2.6426 mL 5.2851 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.61 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.61 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.6426 mL 13.2128 mL 26.4257 mL 66.0642 mL
5 mM 0.5285 mL 2.6426 mL 5.2851 mL 13.2128 mL
10 mM 0.2643 mL 1.3213 mL 2.6426 mL 6.6064 mL
15 mM 0.1762 mL 0.8809 mL 1.7617 mL 4.4043 mL
20 mM 0.1321 mL 0.6606 mL 1.3213 mL 3.3032 mL
25 mM 0.1057 mL 0.5285 mL 1.0570 mL 2.6426 mL
30 mM 0.0881 mL 0.4404 mL 0.8809 mL 2.2021 mL
40 mM 0.0661 mL 0.3303 mL 0.6606 mL 1.6516 mL
50 mM 0.0529 mL 0.2643 mL 0.5285 mL 1.3213 mL
60 mM 0.0440 mL 0.2202 mL 0.4404 mL 1.1011 mL
80 mM 0.0330 mL 0.1652 mL 0.3303 mL 0.8258 mL
100 mM 0.0264 mL 0.1321 mL 0.2643 mL 0.6606 mL
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Cnicin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Cnicin24394-09-0SARS-CoVApoptosisSARS coronavirusmyelomaanti-tumorSARS-CoV-2antiviralInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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