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  3. Emivirine

Emivirine (MKC-442) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) with Ki values of 0.20 and 0.01 μM for dTTP- and dGTP-dependent DNA or RNA polymerase activity, respectively. Emivirine displays potent and selective anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity.

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Emivirine Chemical Structure

Emivirine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 149950-60-7

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Description

Emivirine (MKC-442) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) with Ki values of 0.20 and 0.01 μM for dTTP- and dGTP-dependent DNA or RNA polymerase activity, respectively. Emivirine displays potent and selective anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity[1][2].

In Vitro

Emivirine (EMV) is also specific for HIV-1 RT and was without effect on HIV-2[2].
Emivirine (EMV) has no obvious toxicity for human healthy cells[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: Human bone marrow cells collected from normal healthy volunteers.
Concentration: 0, 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 μM.
Incubation Time: 14 days.
Result: At concentrations of 0.1 to 10 μM, no effect on cell growth, lactic acid production, mitochondrial DNA synthesis, or mitochondrial structure was seen compared to what occurred with untreated HepG2 cells.
In Vivo

Tthe approximate lethal oral dose of Emivirine (EMV) for rats was ≥3 g/kg for males and 2.5 g/kg for females[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male Sprague-Dawley rats[2].
Dosage: 50 mg/kg.
Administration: Gavage.
Result: The oral absorption was 68%.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

302.37

Formula

C17H22N2O3

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C1NC(C(C(C)C)=C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)N1COCC)=O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (330.72 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.3072 mL 16.5360 mL 33.0721 mL
5 mM 0.6614 mL 3.3072 mL 6.6144 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.3072 mL 16.5360 mL 33.0721 mL 82.6802 mL
5 mM 0.6614 mL 3.3072 mL 6.6144 mL 16.5360 mL
10 mM 0.3307 mL 1.6536 mL 3.3072 mL 8.2680 mL
15 mM 0.2205 mL 1.1024 mL 2.2048 mL 5.5120 mL
20 mM 0.1654 mL 0.8268 mL 1.6536 mL 4.1340 mL
25 mM 0.1323 mL 0.6614 mL 1.3229 mL 3.3072 mL
30 mM 0.1102 mL 0.5512 mL 1.1024 mL 2.7560 mL
40 mM 0.0827 mL 0.4134 mL 0.8268 mL 2.0670 mL
50 mM 0.0661 mL 0.3307 mL 0.6614 mL 1.6536 mL
60 mM 0.0551 mL 0.2756 mL 0.5512 mL 1.3780 mL
80 mM 0.0413 mL 0.2067 mL 0.4134 mL 1.0335 mL
100 mM 0.0331 mL 0.1654 mL 0.3307 mL 0.8268 mL
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Emivirine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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