2. Epigenetics PI3K/Akt/mTOR Autophagy Apoptosis
  3. AMPK Autophagy Apoptosis
  4. GSK621

GSK621 is a specific AMPK activator, with IC50 values of 13-30 μM for AML cells. GSK621 induces autophagy and apoptosis. GSK621 induces eiF2α phosphorylation-a hallmark of UPR activation.

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GSK621 Chemical Structure

GSK621 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1346607-05-3

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Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar

GSK621 Related Antibodies

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NUAK1 NUAK2 AMPK AMPK α1β1γ1 AMPK α2β1γ1 AMPK α1β2γ1 AMPK α2β2γ1

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Description

GSK621 is a specific AMPK activator, with IC50 values of 13-30 μM for AML cells. GSK621 induces autophagy and apoptosis. GSK621 induces eiF2α phosphorylation-a hallmark of UPR activation[1].

In Vitro

GSK621 (30 μM) induces AMPKα T172, ACC (S79) and ULK1 (S555) phosphorylation[1].
GSK621 (30 μM) induces autophagy and apoptosis[1].
GSK621 treatment also induces PERK phosphorylation, a marker of ER stress, in AML cells[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

GSK621 Related Antibodies

Cell Proliferation Assay[1]

Cell Line: MV4-11, OCI-AML3, OCI-AML2, HL-60, Kasumi, HEL, UT7, NB4, TF-1, KG1A, Nomo p28, SKM-1, U937, YHP1, MOLM-14, Mo7e, K562, MOLM-13, EOL-1, SET-2 AML cell lines. 0-30 μM.
Concentration: 0-30 μM.
Incubation Time: 4 d.
Result: IC50 values ranged from 13 to 30 μM.
Reduced the proliferation of all 20 lines and increased apoptosis in 17 (85%) lines.

Cell Autophagy Assay[1].

Cell Line: AML cell lines and primary AML samples.
Concentration: 30 μM.
Incubation Time: 24 h.
Result: Induced the formation of numerous intracytoplasmic vacuoles including autophagosomes.
In Vivo

GSK621 (30 mg/kg, ip twice daily) exhibits significant anti-tumor activity in MOLM-14 cells xenograft[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: MOLM-14 cells xenografted into nude mice[1].
Dosage: 30 mg/kg.
Administration: IP twice daily.
Result: Reduced leukemia growth and significantly extended survival compared to vehicle-treated animals or those treated with 10 mg/kg twice daily.
Molecular Weight

489.91

Formula

C26H20ClN3O5
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

O=C1NC2=C(N(C3=CC=C(C4=CC=CC(OC)=C4O)C=C3)C(Cl)=C2)C(N1C5=CC=CC(OC)=C5)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 12.5 mg/mL (25.51 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 1 with HCl; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.0412 mL 10.2060 mL 20.4119 mL
5 mM 0.4082 mL 2.0412 mL 4.0824 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: 1.25 mg/mL (2.55 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of 1.25 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.55 mM); Suspended solution

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown). Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% Saline

    Solubility: 10 mg/mL (20.41 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
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+
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Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.0412 mL 10.2060 mL 20.4119 mL 51.0298 mL
5 mM 0.4082 mL 2.0412 mL 4.0824 mL 10.2060 mL
10 mM 0.2041 mL 1.0206 mL 2.0412 mL 5.1030 mL
15 mM 0.1361 mL 0.6804 mL 1.3608 mL 3.4020 mL
20 mM 0.1021 mL 0.5103 mL 1.0206 mL 2.5515 mL
25 mM 0.0816 mL 0.4082 mL 0.8165 mL 2.0412 mL
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GSK621 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

GSK6211346607-05-3GSK 621GSK-621AMPKAutophagyApoptosisAMP-activated protein kinaseUPRER StressPERKATF4CHOPInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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