2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Lactate

Lactate (Lactic acid) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactate is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactate is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity.

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Lactate Chemical Structure

Lactate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 50-21-5

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Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Lactate:

Lactate Related Antibodies

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Description

Lactate (Lactic acid) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactate is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactate is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity[1][2].

IC50 & Target[1][2]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Lactate (Lactic acid; 20 mM; 24, 48 h) results in a significant decrease in cell proliferation and migration, acting and switching cell metabolism toward oxidative phosphorylation[1].
Lactate (20 mM; 24 h) shows an increase in the protein and mRNA expression levels of MCT1 and HCAR1[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Lactate Related Antibodies

Cell Proliferation Assay[1]

Cell Line: Uveal melanoma 92.1 cells
Concentration: 20 mM
Incubation Time: 24, 48 h
Result: Inhibited cell proliferation and migration.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: Uveal melanoma cells
Concentration: 20 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Showed an increase in the protein expression levels of MCT1 and HCAR1

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: Uveal melanoma cells
Concentration: 20 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Induced a significant increase in mRNA expression levels of SLC16A1 and HCAR1.
In Vivo

Lactate (Lactic acid; 1.6 g/kg; pH 7.4; subcutaneous; daily from Day 8 to 30 days) shows CD8+ T cell-dependent tumor growth inhibition in MC38 colon cancer model[2].
Note: The pH of the working solution needs to be adjusted to around 7.4 before administration to animals.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Female C57BL/6 mice with MC38 colon cancer cells[2]
Dosage: 1.6 g/kg
Administration: Subcutaneous; daily from Day 8 to 30 days
Result: Significantly suppressed tumor growth.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

90.08

Formula

C3H6O3
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 1.209 g/cm3)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

CC(O)C(O)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (1110.15 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 100 mg/mL (1110.15 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 11.1015 mL 55.5074 mL 111.0149 mL
5 mM 2.2203 mL 11.1015 mL 22.2030 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 91.61%

SDS (476 KB)

COA (248 KB) HNMR (230 KB) LCMS (278 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 11.1015 mL 55.5074 mL 111.0149 mL 277.5372 mL
5 mM 2.2203 mL 11.1015 mL 22.2030 mL 55.5074 mL
10 mM 1.1101 mL 5.5507 mL 11.1015 mL 27.7537 mL
15 mM 0.7401 mL 3.7005 mL 7.4010 mL 18.5025 mL
20 mM 0.5551 mL 2.7754 mL 5.5507 mL 13.8769 mL
25 mM 0.4441 mL 2.2203 mL 4.4406 mL 11.1015 mL
30 mM 0.3700 mL 1.8502 mL 3.7005 mL 9.2512 mL
40 mM 0.2775 mL 1.3877 mL 2.7754 mL 6.9384 mL
50 mM 0.2220 mL 1.1101 mL 2.2203 mL 5.5507 mL
60 mM 0.1850 mL 0.9251 mL 1.8502 mL 4.6256 mL
80 mM 0.1388 mL 0.6938 mL 1.3877 mL 3.4692 mL
100 mM 0.1110 mL 0.5551 mL 1.1101 mL 2.7754 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Lactate Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Lactate50-21-5Lactic acidEndogenous Metabolitehydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1HCAR1epigeneticlysine residues lactylationglycolysisoxidative phosphorylationoncometaboliteanti-tumorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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