(S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid

Name: (S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-W018499
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-W018499 Purity: ≥98.0%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

(S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid is the S-enantiomer of 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid. 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid, a coproduct of protein metabolism, is an insulin resistance (IR) biomarker.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

(S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 3347-90-8

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity
Free Sample (0.1 - 0.5 mg)		Apply Now
100 mg	USD 50	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
500 mg	USD 110	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
1 g		Get quote
5 g		Get quote

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of (S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid:

2-Hydroxybutyric acid Get quote
(R)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid Get quote

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

(S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid is the S-enantiomer of 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid. 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid, a coproduct of protein metabolism, is an insulin resistance (IR) biomarker^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

Molecular Weight

104.11

Formula

C₄H₈O₃

CAS No.

3347-90-8

Appearance

<50°C Solid,>54°C Liquid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

CC[C@H](O)C(O)=O

Structure Classification

Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids

Initial Source

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Pure form	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (960.52 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	9.6052 mL	48.0261 mL	96.0523 mL
5 mM	1.9210 mL	9.6052 mL	19.2104 mL
10 mM	0.9605 mL	4.8026 mL	9.6052 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (24.01 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (24.01 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (24.01 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (271 KB) SDS (614 KB)

COA (247 KB) HNMR (233 KB) MS (80 KB) OR (250 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. André P Sousa, et al.Which Role Plays 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid on Insulin Resistance? Metabolites. 2021 Dec 3;11(12):835. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	9.6052 mL	48.0261 mL	96.0523 mL	240.1306 mL
	5 mM	1.9210 mL	9.6052 mL	19.2105 mL	48.0261 mL
	10 mM	0.9605 mL	4.8026 mL	9.6052 mL	24.0131 mL
	15 mM	0.6403 mL	3.2017 mL	6.4035 mL	16.0087 mL
	20 mM	0.4803 mL	2.4013 mL	4.8026 mL	12.0065 mL
	25 mM	0.3842 mL	1.9210 mL	3.8421 mL	9.6052 mL
	30 mM	0.3202 mL	1.6009 mL	3.2017 mL	8.0044 mL
	40 mM	0.2401 mL	1.2007 mL	2.4013 mL	6.0033 mL
	50 mM	0.1921 mL	0.9605 mL	1.9210 mL	4.8026 mL
	60 mM	0.1601 mL	0.8004 mL	1.6009 mL	4.0022 mL
	80 mM	0.1201 mL	0.6003 mL	1.2007 mL	3.0016 mL
	100 mM	0.0961 mL	0.4803 mL	0.9605 mL	2.4013 mL