2. Induced Disease Models Products GPCR/G Protein Apoptosis
  3. Cardiovascular System Disease Models Angiotensin Receptor Apoptosis
  4. Hypertension Models
  5. Angiotensin II human

Angiotensin II human  (Synonyms: Angiotensin II; Ang II; DRVYIHPF)

Cat. No.: HY-13948 Purity: 99.98%
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Angiotensine II humaine (angiotensine II) est un vasoconstricteur qui agit principalement sur le récepteur de AT1. Angiotensine II humaine stimule la stimulation nerveuse sympathique, augmente la biosynthèse de l'aldostérone et les actions rénales. Angiotensine II humaine induit la croissance des cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires, augmente la synthèse de collagène de type I et III dans les fibroblastes, conduisant à un épaississement de la paroi vasculaire et du myocarde, et à une fibrose. Angiotensine II humaine induit également l'apoptose.

Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) ist ein Vasokonstriktor, der hauptsächlich auf den AT1 receptor wirkt. Angiotensin II human stimuliert die sympathische Nervenstimulation, erhöht die Aldosteron-Biosynthese und die Nierentätigkeit. Angiotensin II human induziert das Wachstum von Zellen der glatten Gefäßmuskulatur, erhöht die Synthese von Kollagen Typ I und III in Fibroblasten, was zu einer Verdickung der Gefäßwand und des Myokards sowie zu Fibrose führt. Angiotensin II human induziert auch Apoptose.

Angiotensin II (Angiotensin II) is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway.

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Angiotensin II human Chemical Structure

Angiotensin II human Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 4474-91-3

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Based on 115 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Angiotensin II human:

Angiotensin II human Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

111 Publications Citing Use of MCE Angiotensin II human

WB
RT-PCR

    Angiotensin II human purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2023 Apr 24;111938.  [Abstract]

    Angiotensin II human (Ang II; 1 μM; 48 h) increases the expression of MFN1, t-CaMKⅡ and p-CaMKⅡ and decreases the expression of SERCA2 in NMCMs.

    Angiotensin II human purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomedicines. 2022, 10(12), 3131.

    Angiotensin II human (Ang II; 100 nM; 24 h) pretreatment significantly increases both the protein level of CtBP1 during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis.

    Angiotensin II human purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomedicines. 2022, 10(12), 3131.

    Angiotensin II human (Ang II; 100 nM; 24 h) pretreatment significantly increases both the mRNA level of CtBP1 during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis.

    Angiotensin II human purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2020 Apr;121:105703.  [Abstract]

    HPMCs are treated with 5.6 mM glucose (NG) or with 236 mM glucose (HG), or 100 nM AngII (AngII), or 236 mM glucose plus 10 mM valsartan (HGþvalsartan), or 100 nM AngII plus 10 mM valsartan (AngIIþvalsartan) for 24 h. The protein levels of p-mTOR, mTOR, p-4EBP1, 4EBP1, p-S6K1, and S6K1 are examined by Western blot analysis.

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    Description

    Angiotensin II (Angiotensin II) is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway[1][2][3][4].

    IC50 & Target

    AT2 Receptor

     

    AT1 Receptor

     

    In Vitro

    Most of the known actions of Angiotensin II (Ang II) are mediated by AT1 receptors, the AT2 receptor contributes to the regulation of blood pressure and renal function[1]
    . Angiotensin II raises blood pressure (BP) by a number of actions, the most important ones being vasoconstriction, sympathetic nervous stimulation, increased aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Other Angiotensin II actions include induction of growth, cell migration, and mitosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, increased synthesis of collagen type I and III in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. These actions are mediated by type 1 Ang II receptors (AT1)[2].
    Angiotensin II (1 nM) induces the expression of LOX-1 and VEGF and enhances capillary formation from human coronary endothelial cells in Matrigel assay. Angiotensin II -mediated expression of LOX-1 and VEGF, capillary formation, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, and phosphorylation of p38 as well as p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases, are suppressed by anti-LOX-1 antibody, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor apocynin and the Ang II type 1 receptor blocker Losartan, but not by the Ang II type 2 receptor blocker PD123319[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Angiotensin II human Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Angiotensin II human can be used to induce models of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy[7][8][9].

    1. Induction of hypertension[7]
    Background
    Angiotensin II human induces hypertension by activating AT1 receptors, leading to vasoconstriction, sodium and water retention, sympathetic nervous system activation, and oxidative stress.
    Specific Mmodeling Methods
    Mice: C57/BL6J • male and female • 12-16 wk old • 21-27 g
    Administration: 800 ng/kg/min, 0.003 mL/min • 7 days • sc, osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously
    Note
    Effect of gender: Chronic ANG II-induced hypertension differs by gender in awake mice. Female mice may be protected from the ANG II-induced increase in blood pressure.
    Modeling Indicators
    Key Factor: Blood pressure ↑ on day 7, blood pressure in male was greater than in female.
    Correlated Product(s): /
    Opposite Product(s): /

    2. Induction of Cardiac Hypertrophy[8][9]
    Background
    Angiotensin II human induces cardiac hypertrophy by activating the AT1 receptor, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix remodeling, which cause myocardial cell proliferation and hypertrophy.
    Specific Mmodeling Methods
    Mice: C57/BL6J • male • 8 wk old &bull
    Administration: 2 μg/kg/min • 4 weeks • sc, osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously
    Note
    Modeling Indicators
    Indicator changes: Blood pressure in WT mice increased significantly.
    Appearance monitoring: cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
    Correlated Product(s): /
    Opposite Product(s): Eplerenone (HY-B0251)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    1046.18

    Formula

    C50H71N13O12
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    Sequence

    Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
    Sequence Shortening

    DRVYIHPF
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    Sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen

    Powder -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (95.59 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 2.5 mg/mL (2.39 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 0.9559 mL 4.7793 mL 9.5586 mL
    5 mM 0.1912 mL 0.9559 mL 1.9117 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

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    Volume (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.39 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.39 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 2 mg/mL (1.91 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.98%

    COA (255 KB) RP-HPLC (243 KB) LCMS (87 KB) Elemental Analysis Report (115 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Animal Administration
    [3]

    Mice[3]
    (129×C57BL/6) F1 mice lacking AT1A receptors for Angiotensin II are used. The mice are fed 10 gm/day gelled 0.25% NaCl diet that contains all nutrients and water. After 1 week of baseline collections, the animals are implanted with osmotic minipumps infusing Angiotensin II and are returned to the metabolic cage for 5 more days. Urinary sodium content is determined by using an IL943 Automatic Flame photometer. After 28 days of Angiotensin II infusion, hearts are harvested, weighed, fixed in formalin, sectioned, and stained with Masson trichrome. All of the tissues are examined by a pathologist (P.R.) without knowledge of genotypes.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 0.9559 mL 4.7793 mL 9.5586 mL 23.8965 mL
    DMSO 5 mM 0.1912 mL 0.9559 mL 1.9117 mL 4.7793 mL
    10 mM 0.0956 mL 0.4779 mL 0.9559 mL 2.3896 mL
    15 mM 0.0637 mL 0.3186 mL 0.6372 mL 1.5931 mL
    20 mM 0.0478 mL 0.2390 mL 0.4779 mL 1.1948 mL
    25 mM 0.0382 mL 0.1912 mL 0.3823 mL 0.9559 mL
    30 mM 0.0319 mL 0.1593 mL 0.3186 mL 0.7965 mL
    40 mM 0.0239 mL 0.1195 mL 0.2390 mL 0.5974 mL
    50 mM 0.0191 mL 0.0956 mL 0.1912 mL 0.4779 mL
    60 mM 0.0159 mL 0.0797 mL 0.1593 mL 0.3983 mL
    80 mM 0.0119 mL 0.0597 mL 0.1195 mL 0.2987 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Angiotensin II human Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Angiotensin II human4474-91-3Angiotensin II Ang II DRVYIHPFAngiotensin ReceptorApoptosisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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