2. Anti-infection Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. HCV Protease HCV SARS-CoV
  4. Danoprevir

Danoprevir  (Synonyms: ITMN-191; R7227; RO5190591; RG7227)

Cat. No.: HY-10238 Purity: 99.69%
COA Handling Instructions

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Danoprevir (ITMN-191) is an orally active NS3/4A protease inhibitor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) with an IC50 of 0.29 nM and is selective for NS3/4A over a panel of 53 proteases (IC50 higher than 10 μM). Danoprevir (ITMN-191) inhibits HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 4, 5, and 6 (IC50s=0.2-0.4 nM) as well as 2b and 3a (IC50s=1.6, 3.5 nM). Danoprevir is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.05 μM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Danoprevir Chemical Structure

Danoprevir Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 850876-88-9

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 274 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 274 In-stock
Solid
1 mg USD 68 In-stock
5 mg USD 170 In-stock
10 mg USD 300 In-stock
25 mg USD 555 In-stock
50 mg USD 850 In-stock
100 mg USD 1300 In-stock
200 mg   Get quote  
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Based on 18 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Danoprevir:

Danoprevir Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Danoprevir purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Virology. 2014 May;456-457:300-9.  [Abstract]

    Jurkat cells are transfected with plasmids expressing (A) HCV NS3/4A or (B) HPgV NS3/4AB-HA. Telaprevir, Boceprevir, and Danoprevir are added at concentrations of 100 µM, 16.6 µM, 2.7 µM, or 0 µM in 0.1% DMSO. Lysates are harvested after 24 h and resolved by immunoblots probed with anti-HCV NS3 (A) or anti-HA (B). The position of HCV NS3/4A (~75kDa), HCV NS3 (~73kDa), NS3/4AB-HA, and NS4B-HA (~30kDa) are indicated. Molecular markers are on the right.

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Danoprevir (ITMN-191) is an orally active NS3/4A protease inhibitor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) with an IC50 of 0.29 nM and is selective for NS3/4A over a panel of 53 proteases (IC50 higher than 10 μM). Danoprevir (ITMN-191) inhibits HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 4, 5, and 6 (IC50s=0.2-0.4 nM) as well as 2b and 3a (IC50s=1.6, 3.5 nM)[1][2]. Danoprevir is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.05 μM[3].

    IC50 & Target

    IC50: 0.29 nM (NS3/4A protease), 0.2-3.5 nM (HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 2b, 3a, 4, 5, 6)[2]
    In Vitro

    In Huh7.5 cells transfected with chimeric recombinant virus, Danoprevir (ITMN-191) shows antiviral inhibition effects against HCV genotypes 1, 4 and 6 with IC50 of 2-3 nM, which are >100-fold lower than genotypes 2/3/5 (280-750 nM)[1].
    Danoprevir (ITMN-191) inhibits the reference genotype 1 NS3/4A protease half-maximally, but a high dose of Danoprevir (ITMN-191) (10 μM) shows no appreciably inhibition in a panel of 79 proteases, ion channels, transporters, and cell surface receptors. Danoprevir (ITMN-191) remains bound to and inhibits NS3/4A for more than 5 hours after its initial association. Danoprevir (ITMN-191) (45 nM) eliminates a patient-derived HCV genotype 1b replicon from hepatocyte-derived Huh7 cells with an EC50 of 1.8 nM[2].
    In HCV subgenomic replicon cell lines containing the individual mutations, V36M, R109K, and V170A substitutions confer little or no resistance to Danoprevir (ITMN-191), but the R155K substitution confers a high level (62-fold increase) of resistance to Danoprevir[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Danoprevir Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Danoprevir (ITMN-191) (30 mg/kg, p.o.) administered to rats or monkeys shows that its concentrations in liver 12 hours after dosing exceed the Danoprevir concentration required to eliminate replicon RNA from cells[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    731.83

    Formula

    C35H46FN5O9S
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=S(NC([C@@]1(NC([C@]2([H])C[C@@H](OC(N3CC4=C(C3)C=CC=C4F)=O)CN2C5=O)=O)C[C@]1(/C=C/CCCCC[C@@H]5NC(OC(C)(C)C)=O)[H])=O)(C6CC6)=O
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (136.64 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.3664 mL 6.8322 mL 13.6644 mL
    5 mM 0.2733 mL 1.3664 mL 2.7329 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.42 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.42 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.69%

    COA (265 KB) HNMR (238 KB) RP-HPLC (252 KB) LCMS (97 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Kinase Assay
    [2]

    The assay buffer contains 25 μM NS4A peptide, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 15% (vol/vol) glycerol, 0.6 mM lauryldimethylamine N-oxide, 10 mM dithiothreitol, and 0.5 μM fluorescein/QXL520-labeled FRET substrate {Ac-DE-Dap(QXL520)-EE-Abu-ψ-[COO]-AS-Cys(5-FAMsp)-NH2}. K2040 enzyme (50 pM) is added to initiate the reaction. Reactions are set up in black 96-well plates, and fluorescence data is collected. Control reactions lacking inhibitors and enzyme are included. Initial rates are calculated from the linear phase of the reaction (up to 1 hour) and are used to obtain IC50. Recovery of activity from preformed Danoprevir-NS3/4A complex is assessed by preincubating 10 nM NS3/4A with a two-fold excess of Danoprevir in 1× assay buffer for 15 min, followed by a rapid 200-fold dilution of the preformed complex into assay buffer containing substrate. A control reaction with the same final conditions without preincubation of NS3/4A and Danoprevir is initiated by the addition of enzyme to an otherwise-complete reaction mixture. Additional control reactions lack either Danoprevir or NS3. The progress of the reactions is followed over 5 hours.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [2]

    Pharmacokinetic properties are evaluated in rats and monkeys. Sprague-Dawley rats (three per time point) are administered a 30-mg/kg of body weight dose of ITMN-191 by oral gavage (a 6-mg/mL solution in water). Cynomolgus monkeys (two per time point) are administered a 30-mg/kg dose of ITMN-191 by oral gavage (a 3-mg/mL solution in water). For each species, terminal blood samples and the entire perfused liver are collected 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after dose administration. Blood samples are collected in EDTA, processed for plasma by centrifugation at 5°C, and stored at −20°C until analysis is performed. Liver samples are snap-frozen and stored at −70°C until analysis is performed. Blank, standard, and unknown plasma samples and homogenized liver containing an internal standard (ITMN-191 analog) are treated with acidified acetonitrile and centrifuged to remove precipitated proteins. The density of liver tissue is taken into account to allow concentrations in both compartments to be expressed as weight per unit volume. The cleared supernatants are diluted 1:1 into high-performance liquid chromatography grade water and analyzed on a 4000 Q-trap liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer fitted with the Turbo-Ionspray source operating in negative-ion mode. Analytes and internal standards are monitored using multiple-reaction-monitoring scans and calibrated with ABI Analyst software, version 1.4.2. The calibration standards ranges from 0.0169 ng/mL to 37.0 ng/mL and from 7.47 ng/mL to 5,440 ng/mL for the quantification of plasma samples and liver homogenates, respectively. Quadratic fitting with 1/x weighting is utilized where an R2 value of > 0.999 is achieved in both matrices.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 1.3664 mL 6.8322 mL 13.6644 mL 34.1609 mL
    5 mM 0.2733 mL 1.3664 mL 2.7329 mL 6.8322 mL
    10 mM 0.1366 mL 0.6832 mL 1.3664 mL 3.4161 mL
    15 mM 0.0911 mL 0.4555 mL 0.9110 mL 2.2774 mL
    20 mM 0.0683 mL 0.3416 mL 0.6832 mL 1.7080 mL
    25 mM 0.0547 mL 0.2733 mL 0.5466 mL 1.3664 mL
    30 mM 0.0455 mL 0.2277 mL 0.4555 mL 1.1387 mL
    40 mM 0.0342 mL 0.1708 mL 0.3416 mL 0.8540 mL
    50 mM 0.0273 mL 0.1366 mL 0.2733 mL 0.6832 mL
    60 mM 0.0228 mL 0.1139 mL 0.2277 mL 0.5693 mL
    80 mM 0.0171 mL 0.0854 mL 0.1708 mL 0.4270 mL
    100 mM 0.0137 mL 0.0683 mL 0.1366 mL 0.3416 mL
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    Danoprevir Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Danoprevir850876-88-9ITMN-191 R7227 RO5190591 RG7227ITMN191ITMN 191R7227R 7227R-7227RO5190591RO 5190591RO-5190591RG7227RG 7227RG-7227HCV ProteaseHCVSARS-CoVHepatitis C virusSARS coronavirusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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