2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease GPCR/G Protein
  3. Endogenous Metabolite G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1
  4. Hyodeoxycholic acid

Hyodeoxycholic acid  (Synonyms: HDCA)

Cat. No.: HY-N0169 Purity: 99.87%
COA Handling Instructions

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Hyodeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed in the small intestine by the gut flora, and acts as a TGR5 (GPCR19) agonist, with an EC50 of 31.6 µM in CHO cells.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Hyodeoxycholic acid Chemical Structure

Hyodeoxycholic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 83-49-8

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Hyodeoxycholic acid:

Hyodeoxycholic acid Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Hyodeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed in the small intestine by the gut flora, and acts as a TGR5 (GPCR19) agonist, with an EC50 of 31.6 µM in CHO cells.

IC50 & Target

Microbial Metabolite

 

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Hyodeoxycholic acid is a secondary hydrophilic bile acid formed in the small intestine by the gut flora, and acts as an agonist of TGR5, with an EC50 of 31.6 μM in CHO cells[1]. Hyodeoxycholic acid (50, 100 μM) increases the expression of genes (Abca1, Abcg1, and Apoe) involved in cholesterol efflux in RAW 264.7 cells[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Hyodeoxycholic acid Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA; 1.25% (wt/wt)) obviously decreases fat mass and increases lean mass but does not raise the serum levels of any organ toxicity markers in LDLRKO mice. Hyodeoxycholic acid inhibits atherosclerotic lesion formation in LDLRKO at multiple sites, improves plasma lipoprotein profiles, decreases plasma glucose level and intestinal cholesterol absorption efficiency and increases daily cholesterol excretion through fecal output. Hyodeoxycholic acid also improves HDL function as measured by a cholesterol efflux assay[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

392.57

Formula

C24H40O4
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C[C@H](CCC(O)=O)[C@H]1CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])C[C@H](O)[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (254.73 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.5473 mL 12.7366 mL 25.4732 mL
5 mM 0.5095 mL 2.5473 mL 5.0946 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% Saline

    Solubility: 25 mg/mL (63.68 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.87%

COA (251 KB) HNMR (305 KB) RP-HPLC (211 KB) MS (68 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Animal Administration
[2]

Mice[2]
For atherosclerosis studies, 8-wk-old female LDLRKO mice are fed a Western diet (21% fat, 0.15% cholesterol; TD.88137) for 8 wk. One group of mice (baseline group) is euthanized at this time point for lesion measurement in the aortic root region and in the innominate artery. Atherosclerotic lesion in the whole aorta is not examined in the baseline group. The remaining mice are then divided into 2 groups and fed the following diets for another 15 wk before euthanasia: group 1, chow diet (5% fat, AIN-76A Rodent Diet); and group 2, chow diet + 1.25% (wt/wt) Hyodeoxycholic acid. For other studies, 8-wk-old female LDLRKO mice are fed a chow diet or chow diet + 1.25% Hyodeoxycholic acid for 3 wk before phenotype measurements. Food consumption and body weight are recorded weekly. Animals are measured for total body fat mass and lean mass by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using Bruker Minispec with software from Eco Medical Systems[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.5473 mL 12.7366 mL 25.4732 mL 63.6829 mL
5 mM 0.5095 mL 2.5473 mL 5.0946 mL 12.7366 mL
10 mM 0.2547 mL 1.2737 mL 2.5473 mL 6.3683 mL
15 mM 0.1698 mL 0.8491 mL 1.6982 mL 4.2455 mL
20 mM 0.1274 mL 0.6368 mL 1.2737 mL 3.1841 mL
25 mM 0.1019 mL 0.5095 mL 1.0189 mL 2.5473 mL
30 mM 0.0849 mL 0.4246 mL 0.8491 mL 2.1228 mL
40 mM 0.0637 mL 0.3184 mL 0.6368 mL 1.5921 mL
50 mM 0.0509 mL 0.2547 mL 0.5095 mL 1.2737 mL
60 mM 0.0425 mL 0.2123 mL 0.4246 mL 1.0614 mL
80 mM 0.0318 mL 0.1592 mL 0.3184 mL 0.7960 mL
100 mM 0.0255 mL 0.1274 mL 0.2547 mL 0.6368 mL
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Hyodeoxycholic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Hyodeoxycholic acid83-49-8HDCAEndogenous MetaboliteG protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1G-protein coupled receptor 19GPCR19TGR5GPBAR1Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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