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  4. Amustaline dihydrochloride

Amustaline dihydrochloride  (Synonyms: S-303 dihydrochloride)

Cat. No.: HY-106991A Purity: ≥95.0%
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COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Amustaline (S-303) dihydrochloride, a nucleic acid-targeted alkylator, is an efficient pathogen inactivation agent for blood components containing red blood cells. Amustaline dihydrochloride has three components: an acridine anchor (an intercalator that targets nucleic acids non-covalently), an effector (a bis-alkylator group that reacts with nucleophiles), and a linker (a small flexible carbon chain containing a labile ester bond that hydrolyzes at neutral pH to yield non-reactive breakdown products).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Amustaline dihydrochloride Chemical Structure

Amustaline dihydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 210584-54-6

Size Price Stock Quantity
Oil + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Oil
5 mg In-stock
10 mg In-stock
25 mg In-stock
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500 mg   Get quote  

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Amustaline dihydrochloride Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

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  • References

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Description

Amustaline (S-303) dihydrochloride, a nucleic acid-targeted alkylator, is an efficient pathogen inactivation agent for blood components containing red blood cells. Amustaline dihydrochloride has three components: an acridine anchor (an intercalator that targets nucleic acids non-covalently), an effector (a bis-alkylator group that reacts with nucleophiles), and a linker (a small flexible carbon chain containing a labile ester bond that hydrolyzes at neutral pH to yield non-reactive breakdown products)[1][2].

In Vitro

S‐303 (200 μM; 20 h) and glutathione (GSH; 20 mM) inactivates high titres of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in red blood cells (RBCs)[1].
S-303 (200 μM; 20 h) and GSH (2 mM) inactivates >6.5 logs of HIV, >5.7 logs of Bluetongue virus, >7.0 logs of Yersinia enterocolitica, 4.2 logs of Serratia marcescens, and 7.5 logs of Staphylococcus epidermidis in whole blood experiments[2].
S-303 (200 μM; 20 h) and GSH (20 mM) inactivates approximately 5 logs or greater of Y. enterocolitica, E. coli, S. marcescens, S. aureus, HIV, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bluetongue virus and human adenovirus 5 in RBC[2].
S-303 (200 μM; 20 h) retains in vitro parameters of RBC function and physiology (including total ATP, extracellular potassium, hemolysis, glucose consumption, lactate production, and pH at 37 °C) compared to conventional RBC[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Amustaline dihydrochloride Related Antibodies
In Vivo

S‐303 RBCs (a single transfusion) is well tolerated in rats (50 μmol/kg) and dogs (70 μmol/kg)[3].
S‐303 RBCs (repeated transfusions) is well tolerated in rats (10 μmol/kg) and dogs (10 μmol/kg) with no histopathologic evidence of organ toxicity[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

507.28

Formula

C22H27Cl4N3O2
CAS No.
Appearance

Oil

Color

Yellow to brown

SMILES

O=C(CCNC1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C31)OCCN(CCCl)CCCl.[H]Cl.[H]Cl
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (197.13 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.9713 mL 9.8565 mL 19.7130 mL
5 mM 0.3943 mL 1.9713 mL 3.9426 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.93 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥95.0%

SDS (644 KB)

COA (245 KB) HNMR (140 KB) LCMS (354 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 1.9713 mL 9.8565 mL 19.7130 mL 49.2824 mL
5 mM 0.3943 mL 1.9713 mL 3.9426 mL 9.8565 mL
10 mM 0.1971 mL 0.9856 mL 1.9713 mL 4.9282 mL
15 mM 0.1314 mL 0.6571 mL 1.3142 mL 3.2855 mL
20 mM 0.0986 mL 0.4928 mL 0.9856 mL 2.4641 mL
25 mM 0.0789 mL 0.3943 mL 0.7885 mL 1.9713 mL
30 mM 0.0657 mL 0.3285 mL 0.6571 mL 1.6427 mL
40 mM 0.0493 mL 0.2464 mL 0.4928 mL 1.2321 mL
50 mM 0.0394 mL 0.1971 mL 0.3943 mL 0.9856 mL
60 mM 0.0329 mL 0.1643 mL 0.3285 mL 0.8214 mL
80 mM 0.0246 mL 0.1232 mL 0.2464 mL 0.6160 mL
100 mM 0.0197 mL 0.0986 mL 0.1971 mL 0.4928 mL
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Amustaline dihydrochloride Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Amustaline210584-54-6S-303S303S 303HIVBacterialHuman immunodeficiency virusnucleicacidpathogeninactivationredbloodRBCacridineanchoreffectorlinkerInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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