2. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling
  3. Adrenergic Receptor
  4. Apraclonidine hydrochloride

Apraclonidine hydrochloride  (Synonyms: ALO 2145)

Cat. No.: HY-12720A Purity: 98.96%
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Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145), a selective α2 and weak α1 receptor agonist activity, effectively lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) in human eyes. Apraclonidine hydrochloride is a topical ophthalmic solution and has the ability to elevate the eye lid.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Apraclonidine hydrochloride Chemical Structure

Apraclonidine hydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 73218-79-8

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 99 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 99 In-stock
Solid
5 mg USD 90 In-stock
10 mg USD 150 In-stock
25 mg USD 270 In-stock
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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Apraclonidine hydrochloride:

Apraclonidine hydrochloride Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

2 Publications Citing Use of MCE Apraclonidine hydrochloride

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α adrenergic receptor β adrenergic receptor

  • Biological Activity

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  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145), a selective α2 and weak α1 receptor agonist activity, effectively lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) in human eyes. Apraclonidine hydrochloride is a topical ophthalmic solution and has the ability to elevate the eye lid[1][2].

IC50 & Target

α adrenergic receptor

 

In Vitro

Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145) is more commonly used topically for glaucoma, as it penetrates the cornea and blood-brain barrier to a lesser extent and, thus, has fewer adverse systemic effects[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Apraclonidine hydrochloride Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145) is effective in animal models of elevated IOP as well as glaucoma in humans. The ocular hypotensive effects of Apraclonidine are usually attributed to reduced aqueous humor synthesis and vasoconstrictor actions at the anterior segment branches of the ophthalmic artery[2]
. Apraclonidine (1.15%, single instillation) inhibits 98% of PGE2-induced aqueous flare elevationy[3]
.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: male rabbits[3].
Dosage: 1.15%
Administration: Apraclonidine (1.15%, single instillation)
Result: Inhibited PGE2-induced elevation of aqueous flare in pigmented rabbits.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

281.57

Formula

C9H11Cl3N4
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

NC1=CC(Cl)=C(NC2=NCCN2)C(Cl)=C1.[H]Cl
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (443.94 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : ≥ 12.5 mg/mL (44.39 mM)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.5515 mL 17.7576 mL 35.5151 mL
5 mM 0.7103 mL 3.5515 mL 7.1030 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.39 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.39 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.96%

SDS (480 KB)

COA (251 KB) LCMS (95 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 3.5515 mL 17.7576 mL 35.5151 mL 88.7879 mL
5 mM 0.7103 mL 3.5515 mL 7.1030 mL 17.7576 mL
10 mM 0.3552 mL 1.7758 mL 3.5515 mL 8.8788 mL
15 mM 0.2368 mL 1.1838 mL 2.3677 mL 5.9192 mL
20 mM 0.1776 mL 0.8879 mL 1.7758 mL 4.4394 mL
25 mM 0.1421 mL 0.7103 mL 1.4206 mL 3.5515 mL
30 mM 0.1184 mL 0.5919 mL 1.1838 mL 2.9596 mL
40 mM 0.0888 mL 0.4439 mL 0.8879 mL 2.2197 mL
DMSO 50 mM 0.0710 mL 0.3552 mL 0.7103 mL 1.7758 mL
60 mM 0.0592 mL 0.2960 mL 0.5919 mL 1.4798 mL
80 mM 0.0444 mL 0.2220 mL 0.4439 mL 1.1098 mL
100 mM 0.0355 mL 0.1776 mL 0.3552 mL 0.8879 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Apraclonidine hydrochloride Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Apraclonidine73218-79-8ALO 2145ALO2145ALO-2145Adrenergic ReceptorBeta ReceptorintraocularpressuretopicalophthalmicsolutioneyeaqueoushumorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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