1. Apoptosis Autophagy Immunology/Inflammation
  2. Apoptosis Autophagy NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Pyroptosis
  3. Britannin

Britannin is an NLRP3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.630 μM, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. Britannin inhibits the activation and assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome by blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7. Additionally, Britannin demonstrates antitumor activity by inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells through blocking the interaction between HIF-1α and Myc, thereby suppressing PD-L1 expression and enhancing cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. Britannin can also induce apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells by activating ROS-regulated AMPK. Britannin holds promise for research in the fields of anti-inflammatory and antitumor therapeutics.

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Britannin Chemical Structure

Britannin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 33627-28-0

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Description

Britannin is an NLRP3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.630 μM, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. Britannin inhibits the activation and assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome by blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7. Additionally, Britannin demonstrates antitumor activity by inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells through blocking the interaction between HIF-1α and Myc, thereby suppressing PD-L1 expression and enhancing cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. Britannin can also induce apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells by activating ROS-regulated AMPK. Britannin holds promise for research in the fields of anti-inflammatory and antitumor therapeutics[1][2][3][4][5].

IC50 & Target

NLRP3

3.630 μM (IC50)

In Vitro

Britannin (1, 5, 10 μM, 30 min) inhibits NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in mouse macrophages[4].
Britannin (1, 5, 10 μM, 30 min) inhibits activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in an NF-κB-independent manner[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis[4]

Cell Line: Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs)
Concentration: 1, 5, 10 μM
Incubation Time: 30 min
Result: Dose-dependently inhibited secretion of the cleaved Caspase-1 and the mature IL-1β, and suppressed NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in murine macrophages.
In Vivo

Britannin (20 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 3 consecutive days) ameliorates lung injury and systemic infection in Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (HY-D1056) -induced acute lung injury mouse model in an NLRP3-dependent manner[4].
Britannin (20 mg/kg, i.p., once every other day, for a total of 3 injections) relieves gouty arthritis in Monosodium urate (HY-B2130A) -induced gouty arthritis mouse model by inhibiting NLRP3 activation[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Monosodium urate (HY-B2130A) -induced gouty arthritis mouse model, Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (HY-D1056) -induced acute lung injury mouse model[4]
Dosage: 20 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), inject for three consecutive days (acute lung injury mouse model) or once every other day, for a total of 3 injections (Monosodium urate (HY-B2130A) -induced gouty arthritis mouse model)
Result: Significantly suppressed the changes in footpad joint size, alleviated the migration of inflammatory cells in Monosodium urate (HY-B2130A) -induced gouty arthritis mouse model and nhibited the secretion of IL-1β and the activation of Caspase-1, demonstrating that Britannin prevented gouty arthritis through anti-inflammatory effects.
Suppressed pulmonary edema, breakdown of the pneumatic blood barrier, and cell infiltration in lung tissues and pathological injury and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues, were ameliorated by Britannin treatment.
Molecular Weight

366.41

Formula

C19H26O7

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C[C@]12[C@@]([C@@H](C[C@@](O3)([H])[C@](C(C3=O)=C)([H])[C@@H]2OC(C)=O)C)([H])[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C[C@@H]1O

Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 250 mg/mL (682.30 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.7292 mL 13.6459 mL 27.2918 mL
5 mM 0.5458 mL 2.7292 mL 5.4584 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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  • Dilution Calculator

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.68 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.68 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.93%

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.7292 mL 13.6459 mL 27.2918 mL 68.2296 mL
5 mM 0.5458 mL 2.7292 mL 5.4584 mL 13.6459 mL
10 mM 0.2729 mL 1.3646 mL 2.7292 mL 6.8230 mL
15 mM 0.1819 mL 0.9097 mL 1.8195 mL 4.5486 mL
20 mM 0.1365 mL 0.6823 mL 1.3646 mL 3.4115 mL
25 mM 0.1092 mL 0.5458 mL 1.0917 mL 2.7292 mL
30 mM 0.0910 mL 0.4549 mL 0.9097 mL 2.2743 mL
40 mM 0.0682 mL 0.3411 mL 0.6823 mL 1.7057 mL
50 mM 0.0546 mL 0.2729 mL 0.5458 mL 1.3646 mL
60 mM 0.0455 mL 0.2274 mL 0.4549 mL 1.1372 mL
80 mM 0.0341 mL 0.1706 mL 0.3411 mL 0.8529 mL
100 mM 0.0273 mL 0.1365 mL 0.2729 mL 0.6823 mL
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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Britannin
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