2. Autophagy Neuronal Signaling Apoptosis NF-κB
  3. Autophagy Amyloid-β Caspase NF-κB Apoptosis
  4. Onjisaponin B

Onjisaponin B is an orally active natural product derived from Polygala tenuifolia. Onjisaponin B inhibits NF-κB p65. Onjisaponin B enhances autophagy and accelerates the degradation of mutant α-synuclein and huntingtin. Onjisaponin B reduces β-amyloid (Aβ) production. Onjisaponin B reduces radiation-induced cell apoptosis. Onjisaponin B has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Onjisaponin B can be used for neurological disease and radiation injury study, and its metabolite tenuifolin (TF) can enter the brain through the BBB.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Onjisaponin B Chemical Structure

Onjisaponin B Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 35906-36-6

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Onjisaponin B Related Antibodies

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NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

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  • Customer Review

Description

Onjisaponin B is an orally active natural product derived from Polygala tenuifolia. Onjisaponin B inhibits NF-κB p65. Onjisaponin B enhances autophagy and accelerates the degradation of mutant α-synuclein and huntingtin. Onjisaponin B reduces β-amyloid (Aβ) production. Onjisaponin B reduces radiation-induced cell apoptosis. Onjisaponin B has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Onjisaponin B can be used for neurological disease and radiation injury study, and its metabolite tenuifolin (TF) can enter the brain through the BBB[1][2][3][4].

In Vitro

Onjisaponin B (3-50 μM, 8-24 h) activates autophagy through an Atg7, AMPK-mTOR dependent manner in PC-12 cells[1].
Onjisaponin B (6.25-50 μM, 16-24 h) enhances the clearance of mutant huntingtin and A53T α-synuclein, lowers the toxicity and acts as a neuroprotective agent in PC-12 cells, and reduces oligomerization of α-synuclein in HeLa cells[1].
Onjisaponin B (0.01-10 μM) reducesβ-amyloid (Aβ) production with an IC50 of 10 μM without affecting BACE1 or γ-secretase activity in 293T cells[3].
Onjisaponin B (20 μg/mL, 8-50 h) inhibits the activation of Cas3 through p65, reducing radiation-induced cell apoptosis and helping to prevent radiation injury in TC, V79 and MTEC-1 cells[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Onjisaponin B Related Antibodies

Cell Autophagy Assay[1]

Cell Line: PC-12 cells transfected with GFP-LC3 plasmids
Concentration: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Increased the formation of GFP-LC3 puncta formation in a dose-dependent manner.

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: PC-12 cells transfected transiently with EGFP-HDQ 74 or myc-tagged mutant A53T α-synuclein
Concentration: 25 μM or 50 μM
Incubation Time: 48 h or 24 h
Result: Reduced toxicity in PC-12 cells expressing either mutant huntingtin or A53T α-synuclein.

Apoptosis Analysis[4]

Cell Line: TC cells(thymocytes), V79 cells, MTEC-1 cells
Concentration: 20 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 8, 50, 26 h (incubated 2 hours then irradiated with radiation (TC cells: 6 h, V79 cells: 48 h, MTEC-1 cells: 24 h))
Result: Reduced apoptosis caused by radiotherapy.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: PC-12 cells
Concentration: 3, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 μM
Incubation Time: 8, 16, 24 h
Result: Increased the rate of LC3-II formation with the presence of protease inhibitors.
No obvious cytotoxicity observed.
Activated the phosphorylation of AMPK in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the activation was accompanied by a concomitant reduction in its downstream p70S6K phosphorylation.

Western Blot Analysis[4]

Cell Line: V79 cells
Concentration: 20 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 2 hours prior to irradiation
Result: Down regulated the expression levels of the activation products p-p65 and c-Cas3 induced by irradiation.
The ability to down-regulate p-p65 and c-Cas3 proteins was reduced, or even reversed in V79 cells transfected with p65 shRNA plasmid.
In Vivo

Onjisaponin B (40 mg/kg; i.g.; once) cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but its metabolite tenuifolin (TF) can enter the brain through the BBB in mice[2].
Onjisaponin B (20-40 mg/kg; i.g.; daily for 12 days) ameliorates dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration in a MPTP (HY-15608)-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) through anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities mediated via the RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway[2].
Onjisaponin B (10 mg/kg; p.o.; daily from 4 to 7 months of age) reduces β-amyloid production and improve cognitive impairments in transgenic mice[3].
Onjisaponin B (2.5 mg/kg; p.o.; 4 days prior to irradiation) significantly reduces pathological changes and apoptosis and the nuclear translocation of p65 in the lung tissue of p65+/- mice following radiation[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: C57BL/6J-Relaem1Smoc mice (p65+/- mice)[4]
Dosage: 2.5 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage (p.o.); 4 days prior to irradiation
Result: Inhibited p65 and cas3 activation caused by p65, and significantly reduced pathological changes and apoptosis (caused by down-regulation of p65) and the nuclear translocation of p65 in the lung tissue of p65+/- mice following radiation, but not in the thymus.
Animal Model: C57BL/6J mice (male, 12 weeks old)[2]
Dosage: 20, 40 mg/kg
Administration: Intragastric gavage (i.g.); daily for 12 days
Result: Had a neuroprotective effect on MPTP (HY-15608) induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) model mice.
Recovered MPTP-induced motor impairment.
Reduced the number of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1)-positive cells, suppressed microglial activation induced by MPTP.
Inhibited the secretion of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6.
Decreased MDA levels but increased SOD levels, exerted antioxidant abilities in PD model mice.
Animal Model: APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) double-transgenic mice[3]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg (200 μL (1 mg/mL) per 20 g body weight)
Administration: Oral gavage (p.o.); daily from 4 to 7 months of age
Result: No obvious toxic effects in mice.
Did not alter mouse locomotor activity.
Ameliorated cognitive impairments in amyloid precursor protein (APP)/ presenilin 1 (PS1) mice.
Showed significantly lower numbers of 6E10-positive Aβ plaque and reduced plaque area.
Molecular Weight

1573.67

Formula

C75H112O35
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

OC[C@](C1=CC[C@]2([H])[C@]3(C[C@H](O)[C@@H]4O[C@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]5O)O)([H])O[C@@H]5CO)C)(CC[C@]6(C(O[C@H](O[C@H](C)[C@H](OC(/C=C/C7=CC=C(OC)C=C7)=O)[C@@H]8O[C@@](O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H]9O)([H])[C@@H]9O)[C@@H]8O[C@@](O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@](OC[C@@H](O[C@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H]%10O)O)([H])O[C@@H]%10CO)[C@@H]%11O)([H])[C@@H]%11O)[C@H]%12O)([H])[C@@H]%12O)=O)[C@@]1([H])CC(C)(C)CC6)[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3([H])[C@]4(C)C(O)=O)C
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (63.55 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.6355 mL 3.1773 mL 6.3546 mL
5 mM 0.1271 mL 0.6355 mL 1.2709 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.59 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.59 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.10%

SDS (251 KB)

COA (258 KB) HNMR (223 KB) RP-HPLC (241 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 0.6355 mL 3.1773 mL 6.3546 mL 15.8864 mL
5 mM 0.1271 mL 0.6355 mL 1.2709 mL 3.1773 mL
10 mM 0.0635 mL 0.3177 mL 0.6355 mL 1.5886 mL
15 mM 0.0424 mL 0.2118 mL 0.4236 mL 1.0591 mL
20 mM 0.0318 mL 0.1589 mL 0.3177 mL 0.7943 mL
25 mM 0.0254 mL 0.1271 mL 0.2542 mL 0.6355 mL
30 mM 0.0212 mL 0.1059 mL 0.2118 mL 0.5295 mL
40 mM 0.0159 mL 0.0794 mL 0.1589 mL 0.3972 mL
50 mM 0.0127 mL 0.0635 mL 0.1271 mL 0.3177 mL
60 mM 0.0106 mL 0.0530 mL 0.1059 mL 0.2648 mL
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Onjisaponin B Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Onjisaponin B35906-36-6AutophagyAmyloid-βCaspaseNF-κBApoptosisβ-amyloid peptideAβAbetaNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBParkinsonHuntingtonPC-12thymocytesinflammatoryanti-oxidantneurologicalInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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