Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride

Name: Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-W040127
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-W040127 Purity: 98.02%: Data Sheet
SDS

COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Solubility

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride is an agonist of the free fatty acid receptor FFAR1 and Glucokinase. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride enhances insulin secretion of pancreatic beta cells and increases glucose uptake by liver cells. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride activates FFAR1, promotes the phosphorylation of related proteins in the insulin secretion pathway, and increases the expression of FFAR1. In liver cells, Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride activates GK and regulates proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride can be used in diabetes research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 6906-39-4

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity
1 mg	USD 130	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 16
5 mg	USD 400	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 16
10 mg		Get quote
50 mg		Get quote

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
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Description

In Vitro

Peonidin 3-O-glucoside (1-100 μM; 24 h) increases insulin secretion levels in INS-1E pancreatic β cells stimulated by glucose and increases the expression of FFAR1-dependent insulin secretion pathway-related proteins, such as phosphorylation of FFAR1, PLC, and PKD^[1]. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside (100 μM; 24 h) increases glucose uptake in HepG2 hepatocytes, activated glucokinase (GK), and regulates proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism, such as increasing the phosphorylation level of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reducing the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:	INS-1E pancreatic β-cells
Concentration:	1-100 μM
Incubation Time:	24 h
Result:	The cells were treated with peonidin 3-O-glucoside at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μM for 24 h. The results showed that compared with the untreated control group, the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was enhanced by 18%-40%. Western blot analysis indicated that the expression of proteins related to the FFAR1-dependent insulin secretory pathway, including FFAR1, PLC, and the phosphorylation of PKD, was increased.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	HepG2 hepatic cells
Concentration:	100 μM
Incubation Time:	24 h
Result:	After treating HepG2 cells with 100 μM peonidin 3-O-glucoside for 24 h, the glucose uptake in these cells was increased by 19% compared to the untreated group. Western blot analysis revealed that the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was increased, and the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) was reduced. The activity of glucokinase (GK) was also activated, which indicated that peonidin 3-O-glucoside could modulate the carbohydrate metabolism in HepG2 cells.

Molecular Weight

498.86

Formula

C₂₂H₂₃ClO₁₁

CAS No.

6906-39-4

Appearance

Solid

Color

Brown to black

SMILES

OC1=CC(O)=CC2=C1C=C(O[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)C(C4=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C4)=[O+]2.[Cl-]

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (100.23 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 5 mg/mL (10.02 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	2.0046 mL	10.0229 mL	20.0457 mL
5 mM	0.4009 mL	2.0046 mL	4.0091 mL
10 mM	0.2005 mL	1.0023 mL	2.0046 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.51 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.51 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, PEG300/PEG400, Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.02%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (282 KB) SDS (252 KB)

COA (259 KB) HNMR (276 KB) RP-HPLC (255 KB) MS (68 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Diego A Luna-Vital, et al. Anthocyanins from purple corn activate free fatty acid-receptor 1 and glucokinase enhancing in vitro insulin secretion and hepatic glucose uptake. PLoS One. 2018 Jul 11;13(7):e0200449. [Content Brief]

[2]. Wu G, et al. Optimized Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside and Petunidin-3-O-glucoside. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Jul 3;72(26):15005-15012. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	2.0046 mL	10.0229 mL	20.0457 mL	50.1143 mL
	5 mM	0.4009 mL	2.0046 mL	4.0091 mL	10.0229 mL
	10 mM	0.2005 mL	1.0023 mL	2.0046 mL	5.0114 mL
DMSO	15 mM	0.1336 mL	0.6682 mL	1.3364 mL	3.3410 mL
	20 mM	0.1002 mL	0.5011 mL	1.0023 mL	2.5057 mL
	25 mM	0.0802 mL	0.4009 mL	0.8018 mL	2.0046 mL
	30 mM	0.0668 mL	0.3341 mL	0.6682 mL	1.6705 mL
	40 mM	0.0501 mL	0.2506 mL	0.5011 mL	1.2529 mL
	50 mM	0.0401 mL	0.2005 mL	0.4009 mL	1.0023 mL
	60 mM	0.0334 mL	0.1670 mL	0.3341 mL	0.8352 mL
	80 mM	0.0251 mL	0.1253 mL	0.2506 mL	0.6264 mL
	100 mM	0.0200 mL	0.1002 mL	0.2005 mL	0.5011 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.