glutamate transporter

By Targets:	EAAT (13) iGluR (2) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) Ferroptosis (1) GlyT (2) HIV (1) Reference Standards (1) Sodium Channel (1)
By Research Areas:	Cardiovascular Disease (1) Metabolic Disease (1) Neurological Disease (17)

Targets Recommended: Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) mGluR iGluR EAAT

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-107521

TFB-TBOA 2 Publications Verification CF3-Bza-TBOA	EAAT	Neurological Disease
TFB-TBOA (CF3-Bza-TBOA) is a potent **glutamate transporter** blocker that potently suppresses the activity of glial transporters. TFB-TBOA shows IC₅₀ values of 22, 17, and 300 nM for glutamate transporters EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3 respectively in an uptake assay using cells transiently expressing EAATs .

HY-139692

EAAT2 activator 1	EAAT	Neurological Disease
EAAT2 activator 1 is the potent activator of *excitatory amino acid transporter* 2 (EAAT2*). EAAT2 is the major glutamate* transporter and functions to remove glutamate from synapses. EAAT2 activator 1 increases EAAT2 protein levels dose-dependently .

HY-100784

Dihydrokainic acid	EAAT	Neurological Disease
Dihydrokainic acid is a **glutamate transporters (especially GLT1*) inhibitor. Dihydrokainic acid targets GLT1 with high affinity, effectively inhibiting its transport* function. Dihydrokainic acid exerts its effect by inhibiting the uptake of glutamate, leading to an increase in extracellular glutamate concentration, thereby affecting neuronal excitability and neurotransmission. Dihydrokainic acid is mainly applied in the field of neuroscience for research on glutamate-related neural functions, epilepsy, learning, and memory .

HY-100616

cis-ACBD cis-1-Aminocyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid	Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
cis-ACBD is a potent and selective inhibitor of the high-affinity, Na ⁺-dependent plasma membrane **glutamate transporter*. cis-ACBD is a glutamate* reuptake inhibitor. cis-ACBD also acts as linear competitive inhibitor of the uptake of D-[3H]aspartate .

HY-139087

Erastin2 1 Publications Verification	Ferroptosis	Metabolic Disease
Erastin2, an Erastin (HY-15763) analog, is a ferroptosis inducer and a potent, selective inhibitor of the system xc(-) cystine/glutamate transporter

HY-21045

5-Fluoro-L-tryptophan L-5-Fluorotryptophan	EAAT	Neurological Disease
5-Fluoro-L-tryptophan is a competitive vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) inhibitor. 5-Fluoro-L-tryptophan is promising for research of diseases associated with the neurotransmitter systems .

HY-100836

trans-4-Carboxy-L-proline	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Trans-4-Carboxy-L-prolineis a selective glutamate transporter inhibitor .

HY-101334

MPDC	GlyT	Neurological Disease
MPDC is a potent and competitive inhibitor of the Na ⁺-dependent high-affinity **glutamate transporter** in forebrain synaptosomes .

HY-101334A

MPDC hydrochloride	GlyT	Neurological Disease
MPDC hydrochloride is a potent and competitive inhibitor of the Na ⁺-dependent high-affinity **glutamate transporter** in forebrain synaptosomes .

HY-100838

cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine L-CCG III	EAAT	Neurological Disease
cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine (L-CCG III) is a potent, competitive glutamate uptake inhibitor. cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine is a substrate of glutamate transporters (GluT) (EC₅₀: 13 μM, 2 μM for EAAT 1 and EAAT 2, respectively). cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine inhibits a Na ⁺-dependent high-affinity L-glutamate uptake in glial plasmalemmal vesicles (GPV) and synaptosomes .

HY-12741

LDN-212320 5+ Cited Publications LDN-0212320; OSU-0212320	EAAT	Neurological Disease
LDN-212320 (LDN-0212320) is a glutamate transporter (GLT-1)/*excitatory amino acid transporter* 2 (EAAT2)** activator (at translational level). LDN-212320 (LDN-0212320) prevents nociceptive pain by upregulating astroglial GLT-1 expression in the hippocampus and ACC ^[1]

HY-B1102

Evans Blue Maximum Cited Publications 20 Publications Verification Direct Blue 53; T-1824; C.I. 23860	EAAT iGluR	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound *excitatory amino acid transporter* (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor**-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability .

HY-100784R

Dihydrokainic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards EAAT	Neurological Disease
Dihydrokainic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dihydrokainic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dihydrokainic acid (DHK) is a glutamate transporter GLT1 (EAAT2) inhibitor. Dihydrokainic acid impairs novel object recognition (NOR) memory performance in mice. Dihydrokainic acid also shows epileptogenic effects .

HY-107522

DL-TBOA	EAAT	Neurological Disease
DL-TBOA is a potent non-transportable inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporters with IC₅₀s of 70 μM, 6 μM and 6 μM for *excitatory amino acid transporter-1 (EAAT1), EAAT2* and EAAT3, respectively. DL-TBOA inhibits the uptake of [ ¹⁴C]glutamate in COS-1 cells expressing the human EAAT1 and EAAT2 with K_i valuesof 42 μM and 5.7 μM, respectively. DL-TBOA blocks EAAT4 and EAAT5 in a competitive manner with K_i values of 4.4 μM and 3.2 μM, respectively .

HY-107522B

DL-TBOA ammonium	EAAT	Neurological Disease
DL-TBOA ammonium is a potent non-transportable inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporters with IC₅₀s of 70 μM, 6 μM and 6 μM for *excitatory amino acid transporter-1 (EAAT1), EAAT2* and EAAT3, respectively. DL-TBOA ammonium inhibits the uptake of [ ¹⁴C]glutamate in COS-1 cells expressing the human EAAT1 and EAAT2 with K_i valuesof 42 μM and 5.7 μM, respectively. DL-TBOA ammonium blocks EAAT4 and EAAT5 in a competitive manner with K_i values of 4.4 μM and 3.2 μM, respectively .

HY-W585874

Nε-(Carboxyethyl)lysine	EAAT	Neurological Disease
Nε-(Carboxyethyl)lysine is an advanced glycation end product (AGE). Nε-(Carboxyethyl)lysine causes cross-linking between proteins, affects the structure and function of proteins, and leads to protein denaturation. Nε-(Carboxyethyl)lysine binds to RAGE receptors, affects cell signaling, regulates processes such as inflammatory response, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Nε-(Carboxyethyl)lysine affects glutamate transporter, reduces glutamate uptake and S100B protein secretion, affects neurotransmission in the nervous system, and exhibits diabetic-related neurotoxicity .

HY-161062

TAOA AM Ester trimethyl lock	EAAT	Neurological Disease
TAOA AM Ester trimethyl lock is a high-affinity fluorescent prodrug-like inhibitor of the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). It can penetrate the cell membrane and be activated by hydrolysis by endogenous cell esterases to form active EAAT inhibitors. TAOA AM Ester trimethyl lock can be used to study neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death .

HY-124619

GPI-1046	EAAT HIV	Neurological Disease
GPI-1046 is an orally active, antibiotic-free immunophilin ligand that reduces ethanol intake by upregulating glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens core (NAc-core). GPI-1046 improves human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) by attenuating store-operated calcium (SOC) entry. GPI-1046 has neuroprotective activity .

HY-Y1147

Diethyl maleate 1 Publications Verification Maleic acid diethyl ester	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Diethyl maleate (DEM) is an orally available, effective glutathione (GSH) depletor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Diethyl maleate covalently binds irreversibly to GSH via glutathione S-transferase with an in vitro IC50 of 0.1-0.5 mM. Diethyl maleate selectively depletes GSH in liver, lung, and brain tissues, exacerbating oxidative stress and enhancing hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Diethyl maleate promotes precursor amino acid uptake and in turn promotes GSH synthesis by upregulating the activity of the cystine-glutamate transporter X_{O ^-}. Diethyl maleate can be used to study redox homeostasis and GSH protection mechanisms in oxidative stress-related diseases such as hyperbaric oxygen injury and metabolic diseases[1][2][3].

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L064

Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library	1,254 compounds
Glutamine is an important metabolic fuel that helps rapidly proliferating cells meet the increased demand for ATP, biosynthetic precursors, and reducing agents. Glutamine Metabolism pathway involves the initial deamination of glutamine by glutaminase(GLS), yielding glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate is converted to the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by either glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or by the alanine or aspartate transaminases (TAs), to produce both ATP and anabolic carbons for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. During periods of hypoxia or mitochondrial dysfunction, α-KG can be converted to citrate in a reductive carboxylation reaction catalyzed by IDH2. The newly formed citrate exits the mitochondria where it is used to synthesize fatty acids and amino acids and produce the reducing agent, NADPH. Cancer cells display an altered metabolic circuitry that is directly regulated by oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressors. Mounting evidence indicates that altered glutamine metabolism in cancer cells has critical roles in supporting macromolecule biosynthesis, regulating signaling pathways, and maintaining redox homeostasis, all of which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and survival. Thus, intervention in glutamine metabolic processes could provide novel approaches to improve cancer treatment. MCE owns a unique collection of 1,254 compounds targeting the mainly proteins and enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway. Glutamine Metabolism compound library is a useful tool for intervention in glutamine metabolic processes.

Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library

1,254 compounds

Glutamine is an important metabolic fuel that helps rapidly proliferating cells meet the increased demand for ATP, biosynthetic precursors, and reducing agents. Glutamine Metabolism pathway involves the initial deamination of glutamine by glutaminase(GLS), yielding glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate is converted to the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by either glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or by the alanine or aspartate transaminases (TAs), to produce both ATP and anabolic carbons for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. During periods of hypoxia or mitochondrial dysfunction, α-KG can be converted to citrate in a reductive carboxylation reaction catalyzed by IDH2. The newly formed citrate exits the mitochondria where it is used to synthesize fatty acids and amino acids and produce the reducing agent, NADPH.

Cancer cells display an altered metabolic circuitry that is directly regulated by oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressors. Mounting evidence indicates that altered glutamine metabolism in cancer cells has critical roles in supporting macromolecule biosynthesis, regulating signaling pathways, and maintaining redox homeostasis, all of which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and survival. Thus, intervention in glutamine metabolic processes could provide novel approaches to improve cancer treatment.

MCE owns a unique collection of 1,254 compounds targeting the mainly proteins and enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway. Glutamine Metabolism compound library is a useful tool for intervention in glutamine metabolic processes.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-B1102

Evans Blue 15+ Cited Publications Direct Blue 53; T-1824; C.I. 23860	Cell Assay Reagents
Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound *excitatory amino acid transporter* (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor**-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability .

Evans Blue

15+ Cited Publications

Direct Blue 53; T-1824; C.I. 23860

Cell Assay Reagents

Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability .

HY-Y1147

Diethyl maleate 1 Publications Verification Maleic acid diethyl ester	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Diethyl maleate (DEM) is an orally available, effective glutathione (GSH) depletor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Diethyl maleate covalently binds irreversibly to GSH via glutathione S-transferase with an in vitro IC50 of 0.1-0.5 mM. Diethyl maleate selectively depletes GSH in liver, lung, and brain tissues, exacerbating oxidative stress and enhancing hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Diethyl maleate promotes precursor amino acid uptake and in turn promotes GSH synthesis by upregulating the activity of the cystine-glutamate transporter X_{O ^-}. Diethyl maleate can be used to study redox homeostasis and GSH protection mechanisms in oxidative stress-related diseases such as hyperbaric oxygen injury and metabolic diseases[1][2][3].

Diethyl maleate

1 Publications Verification

Maleic acid diethyl ester

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Diethyl maleate (DEM) is an orally available, effective glutathione (GSH) depletor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Diethyl maleate covalently binds irreversibly to GSH via glutathione S-transferase with an in vitro IC50 of 0.1-0.5 mM. Diethyl maleate selectively depletes GSH in liver, lung, and brain tissues, exacerbating oxidative stress and enhancing hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Diethyl maleate promotes precursor amino acid uptake and in turn promotes GSH synthesis by upregulating the activity of the cystine-glutamate transporter X_{O ^-}. Diethyl maleate can be used to study redox homeostasis and GSH protection mechanisms in oxidative stress-related diseases such as hyperbaric oxygen injury and metabolic diseases[1][2][3].

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-100838

cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine L-CCG III	EAAT	Neurological Disease
cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine (L-CCG III) is a potent, competitive glutamate uptake inhibitor. cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine is a substrate of glutamate transporters (GluT) (EC₅₀: 13 μM, 2 μM for EAAT 1 and EAAT 2, respectively). cis-α-(Carboxycyclopropyl)glycine inhibits a Na ⁺-dependent high-affinity L-glutamate uptake in glial plasmalemmal vesicles (GPV) and synaptosomes .

Cat. No.	Compare	Product Name	Species	Source

HY-P702444

	SLC7A11 Protein, Human (Cell-Free, His) 1 Publications Verification Cystine/glutamate transporter; Amino acid transport system xc-; Calcium channel blocker resistance protein CCBR1; Solute carrier family 7 member 11; xCT	Human	E. coli Cell-free
	The SLC7A11 protein forms a heterodimer with SLC3A2 and acts as an antiporter to exchange extracellular L-cystine for intracellular L-glutamate across the plasma membrane. This sodium-independent electroneutral transport, with a 1:1 stoichiometry, relies on high intracellular levels of L-glutamate and intracellular reduction of L-cystine. SLC7A11 Protein, Human (Cell-Free, His) is the recombinant human-derived SLC7A11 protein, expressed by E. coli Cell-free , with N-10*His labeled tag.

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Cat. No.	Compare	Product Name	Application	Reactivity

HY-P82737

	EAAT2 Antibody (YA2482) Excitatory amino acid transporter 2; glutamate/aspartate transporter II; Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 2; Solute carrier family 1 member 2	WB, IP	Human, Mouse, Rat
	EAAT2 Antibody (YA2482) is a rabbit-derived non-conjugated IgG antibody (Clone NO.: YA2482), targeting EAAT2, with a predicted molecular weight of 62 kDa (observed band size: 62 kDa). EAAT2 Antibody (YA2482) can be used for WB, IP experiment in human, mouse, rat background.

HY-P82620

	EAAT3 Antibody (YA2365) SLC1A1; EAAC1; EAAT3; Excitatory amino acid transporter 3; Excitatory amino-acid carrier 1; Neuronal and epithelial glutamate transporter; Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 3; Solute carrier family 1 member 1	WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF	Human, Mouse, Rat
	EAAT3 Antibody (YA2365) is a rabbit-derived non-conjugated IgG antibody (Clone NO.: YA2365), targeting EAAT3, with a predicted molecular weight of 57 kDa (observed band size: 70 kDa). EAAT3 Antibody (YA2365) can be used for WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF experiment in human, mouse, rat background.

HY-P82734

	EAAT1 Antibody (YA2479) SLC1A3; EAAT1; GLAST; GLAST1; Excitatory amino acid transporter 1; Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 1; GLAST-1; Solute carrier family 1 member 3	WB, IHC-P	Human, Mouse, Rat
	EAAT1 Antibody (YA2479) is a rabbit-derived non-conjugated IgG antibody (Clone NO.: YA2479), targeting EAAT1, with a predicted molecular weight of 60 kDa (observed band size: 60 kDa). EAAT1 Antibody (YA2479) can be used for WB, IHC-P experiment in human, mouse, rat background.

HY-P80935

	xCT Antibody (YA006) 3 Publications Verification CCBR1; Cysteine/glutamate transporter; SLC7A11; solute carrier family 7; xCT	WB, IP	Human, Mouse
	xCT Antibody (YA006) is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 55 kDa, targeting to xCT. It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.

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