2. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Neuronal Signaling Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK
  3. iGluR Tyrosinase c-Met/HGFR Glutaminase Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Decanoic acid

Decanoic acid is a key component of the medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) found in coconut oil. Decanoic acid is a brain-penetrant and non-competitive inhibitor of AMPA receptor showing antiseizure activity in rats. Decanoic acid reduces tyrosinase activity and inhibits melanosome maturation. Decanoic acid suppresses the phosphorylation of c-Met and induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by inhibiting the expression of various oncogenic proteins, which is promising for research in the field of mTORC1 signaling, HCC and epilepsy.

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Decanoic acid Chemical Structure

Decanoic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 334-48-5

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Decanoic acid:

Decanoic acid Related Antibodies

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Description

Decanoic acid is a key component of the medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) found in coconut oil. Decanoic acid is a brain-penetrant and non-competitive inhibitor of AMPA receptor showing antiseizure activity in rats. Decanoic acid reduces tyrosinase activity and inhibits melanosome maturation. Decanoic acid suppresses the phosphorylation of c-Met and induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by inhibiting the expression of various oncogenic proteins, which is promising for research in the field of mTORC1 signaling, HCC and epilepsy[1][2][3].
IC50 & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Decanoic acid (60 μM, 1 h or 24 h) targets mTORC1 independent of PI3K/AKT, AMPK signaling and inhibits mTORC1 without altering mTORC2 activation , also reduces Ddp97 activity in Dictyostelium[1].
Decanoic acid (300 μM, 24 h) decreases the ratio of p-4E-BP1/total-4E-BP1 and p-S6K/total-S6K to reduce mTORC1 activity in patient-derived astrocytes with tuberous sclerosis complex[1].
Decanoic acid (80 μM, 2 h 30 min) reduces the cell viability, suppresses hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced c-Met phosphorylation in both HCCLM3 and HepG2 cells[2].
Decanoic acid (80 μM, 24 h) triggers apoptosis in HCCLM3, HepG2 and HGF-induced cells[2].
Decanoic acid (0.3 mM or 1 mM, perfuse, 40 min) is a broad spectrum AMPA receptor inhibitor in a subunit dependent, non-competitive and voltage dependent manner in oocytes expressing a homomeric (GluA1 subunit) and heteromeric (GluA1/2 and GluA2/3) AMPA receptors[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Decanoic acid Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: Dictyostelium cells
Concentration: 0 - 80 µM
Incubation Time: 50 h
Result: Decreased p-4E-BP1 levels, but had no significant difference in p-AKT-S and p-AMPK levels at 1 h and 24 h in dictyostelium cells.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: Astrocytes derived from patients with tuberous sclerosis complex
Concentration: 300 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Reduced the ratio of p-4E-BP1/total-4E-BP1 and p-S6K/total-S6K in astrocytes derived from control patients and patients with mutations in TSC1.

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: HCCLM3 and HepG2 cells
Concentration: 0 - 80 µM
Incubation Time: 50 h
Result: Reduced the cell viability in HGF-induced/uninduced HCC cells.

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: HCCLM3 and HepG2 cells
Concentration: 80 µM
Incubation Time: 2 h 30 min
Result: Suppressed constitutive as well as HGF-induced c-Met phosphorylation in both HCCLM3 and HepG2 cells.

Apoptosis Analysis[2]

Cell Line: HCCLM3, HepG2 and HGF-induced cells
Concentration: 80 µM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Downregulated the levels of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Survivin, IAP-1, Cyclin D1, and COX-2 in HCCLM3, HepG2 and HGF-induced cells.
In Vivo

Decanoic acid (100 μM and 300 μM, 1 h) significantly decreases plasma PTH concentration and decreases Cyp24a1 expression in the kidney at higher flow rates. Additionally, Decanoic acid exerts no change in p-AKT(Thr308)/total-AKT or p-AKT(Ser473)/total-AKT in both Dictyostelium and rat hippocampal slices[1].
Decanoic acid (50 mg/kg, i.p., thrice a week for four weeks) effectively mitigates tumorigenesis without displaying toxicity in HCC mouse model[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Rat Hippocampal Slices[1]
Dosage: 100 μM and 300 μM
Administration: 1 h
Result: Decreased p-4E-BP1/total-4E-BP1 levels at 300 μM in rat hippocampal slices
Animal Model: NCr-nude female mice[2]
Dosage: 5, 50, 100 mg/kg (0.1% DMSO)
Administration: i.p., measured body weight daily for 8 days
Result: Caused no substantial effects on body weight and on the levels of various enzymes in the liver and kidney of mice
Animal Model: HCC mouse model[2]
Dosage: 50 mg/kg (0.1% DMSO)
Administration: i.p., thrice a week for four weeks
Result: Significantly regressed the growth of tumors in the HCC mouse model
Molecular Weight

172.27

Formula

C10H20O2
CAS No.
Appearance

<27°C Solid,>32°C Liquid

Color

Colorless to off-white

SMILES

CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 130 mg/mL (754.63 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.8048 mL 29.0242 mL 58.0484 mL
5 mM 1.1610 mL 5.8048 mL 11.6097 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

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C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (12.60 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (12.60 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
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%
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

COA (240 KB) HNMR (236 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 5.8048 mL 29.0242 mL 58.0484 mL 145.1210 mL
5 mM 1.1610 mL 5.8048 mL 11.6097 mL 29.0242 mL
10 mM 0.5805 mL 2.9024 mL 5.8048 mL 14.5121 mL
15 mM 0.3870 mL 1.9349 mL 3.8699 mL 9.6747 mL
20 mM 0.2902 mL 1.4512 mL 2.9024 mL 7.2561 mL
25 mM 0.2322 mL 1.1610 mL 2.3219 mL 5.8048 mL
30 mM 0.1935 mL 0.9675 mL 1.9349 mL 4.8374 mL
40 mM 0.1451 mL 0.7256 mL 1.4512 mL 3.6280 mL
50 mM 0.1161 mL 0.5805 mL 1.1610 mL 2.9024 mL
60 mM 0.0967 mL 0.4837 mL 0.9675 mL 2.4187 mL
80 mM 0.0726 mL 0.3628 mL 0.7256 mL 1.8140 mL
100 mM 0.0580 mL 0.2902 mL 0.5805 mL 1.4512 mL
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Decanoic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Decanoic acid334-48-5iGluRTyrosinasec-Met/HGFRGlutaminaseEndogenous MetaboliteIonotropic glutamate receptorsMedium-chain triglycerideBrain-penetrantNon-competitiveAntiseizureMelanosomeApoptosisHCC cellsmTORC1epilepsyInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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