2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Autophagy
  3. RAR/RXR Autophagy
  4. Palovarotene

Palovarotene  (Synonyms: R 667; Ro 3300074)

Cat. No.: HY-14799 Purity: 99.82%
SDS COA Handling Instructions

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Palovarotene is a nuclear retinoic acid receptor γ (RAR-γ) agonist.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Palovarotene Chemical Structure

Palovarotene Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 410528-02-8

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Customer Review

Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Palovarotene Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Palovarotene is a nuclear retinoic acid receptor γ (RAR-γ) agonist.

IC50 & Target

RAR-γ[1]
In Vivo

Palovarotene suppresses post-traumatic chondrogenesis and osteogenesis and mitigated trauma-induced ectopic bone formation. Palovarotene inhibits subcutaneous and intramuscular heterotopic ossification (HO) in mice. Palovarotene is given orally for 14 days at 1 mg/kg/day starting on post-operative day (POD) 1 or POD-5, and HO amount, wound dehiscence and related processes are monitored for up to 84 days post injury. Compared to vehicle-control animals, Palovarotene significantly decreases HO by 50 to 60% regardless of when the treatment started and if infection is present[1]. Starting from day 1 of injury, half of the Acvr1cR206H/+ mice are treated with Palovarotene by daily gavage for 14 days and the other half received vehicle as control. Analysis by mCT and 3D image reconstruction at day 14 shows that large HO tissue masses have formed in the targeted leg of Acvr1cR206H/+ mutant mice receiving vehicle, but HO formation is greatly diminished in Palovarotene-treated companions by more than 80% based on bone volume/total volume quantification[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

414.54

Formula

C27H30N2O2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to yellow

SMILES

O=C(O)C1=CC=C(/C=C/C2=C(CN3N=CC=C3)C=C4C(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)C4=C2)C=C1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (60.31 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.4123 mL 12.0616 mL 24.1231 mL
5 mM 0.4825 mL 2.4123 mL 4.8246 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.03 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.02 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.82%

SDS (252 KB)

COA (254 KB) LCMS (94 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Animal Administration
[1][2]

Rats[1]
A total of 110 young adult pathogen-free male Sprague Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus; 400-600 g) are used. Rats receive via oral gavage (100 μL) either Palovarotene (1.0 mg/kg) or vehicle as control (5% DMSO in corn oil) prepared every other day for 14 days, starting at postoperative day 1 (POD-1) or POD-5. Rats are euthanized at indicated time points post-injury for ex vivo end point analysis by micro-computed CT (μCT), histology and RT-PCR gene transcript expression.
Mice[2]
One-month-old Acvr1cR206H/+ mice are provided doxycycline chow for 3 days to induce mutant gene expression globally. Mouse quadriceps muscles are injured by injection with 50 mL of 10mM cardiotoxin. Beginning on the day of injury, Palovarotene or vehicle (1:4 DMSO in corn oil) is administered daily for 14 days by oral gavage (100 mg/mouse from days 1 to 3 and 15mg/mouse from days 4 to 14) using a 20-gauge gavage needle. Palovarotene solution in DMSO is stored at -20°C under argon and diluted (1:4) with corn oil for administration.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.4123 mL 12.0616 mL 24.1231 mL 60.3078 mL
5 mM 0.4825 mL 2.4123 mL 4.8246 mL 12.0616 mL
10 mM 0.2412 mL 1.2062 mL 2.4123 mL 6.0308 mL
15 mM 0.1608 mL 0.8041 mL 1.6082 mL 4.0205 mL
20 mM 0.1206 mL 0.6031 mL 1.2062 mL 3.0154 mL
25 mM 0.0965 mL 0.4825 mL 0.9649 mL 2.4123 mL
30 mM 0.0804 mL 0.4021 mL 0.8041 mL 2.0103 mL
40 mM 0.0603 mL 0.3015 mL 0.6031 mL 1.5077 mL
50 mM 0.0482 mL 0.2412 mL 0.4825 mL 1.2062 mL
60 mM 0.0402 mL 0.2010 mL 0.4021 mL 1.0051 mL
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Palovarotene Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Palovarotene410528-02-8R 667 Ro 3300074R667R-667Ro3300074Ro 3300074Ro-3300074RAR/RXRAutophagyRetinoic acid receptorsRetinoid X receptorsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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