2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. COX
  4. Paradol

Paradol  (Synonyms: [6]-Gingerone; [6]-Paradol)

Cat. No.: HY-14617 Purity: 99.42%
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Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Paradol Chemical Structure

Paradol Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 27113-22-0

Size Price Stock Quantity
Liquid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 33 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 33 In-stock
Liquid
5 mg USD 30 In-stock
10 mg USD 50 In-stock
25 mg USD 95 In-stock
50 mg USD 160 In-stock
100 mg USD 270 In-stock
500 mg USD 640 In-stock
1 g USD 950 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Paradol:

Paradol Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site.

IC50 & Target[1]

COX-2

 

Cellular Effect
Cell Line Type Value Description References
HCT-116 IC50
84 μM
Compound: M11
Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay
[PMID: 22246389]
NCI-H1299 IC50
66.5 μM
Compound: M11
Cytotoxicity against human H1299 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human H1299 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay
[PMID: 22246389]
In Vitro

Paradol ([6]-paradol) induces apoptosis in an oral squamous carcinoma cell line, KB, in a dose-dependent manner. Paradol induces apoptosis through a caspase-3-dependent mechanism[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Paradol Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Administration of Paradol (6-paradol) (10 mg/kg) clearly reduces the number of Iba1-positive cells 1 and 3 days after the challenge. Moreover, Paradol dramatically reduces the number of Iba1-postive cells in periischemic regions even after 3 days following M/R challenge[3]. Paradol (6-paradol) exhibits the strongest anti-inflammatory effect of several paradol compounds in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia derived from a mouse brain, including 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-paradol. Furthermore, Paradol shows the strongest pungency of all of the known paradol analogues. Paradol also shows the highest contact time at the antiobesity site of action on the basis of the results shown for the absorption of the metabolites in this study[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

278.39

Formula

C17H26O3
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 1.0690 g/cm3)

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

COC1=C(O)C=CC(CCC(CCCCCCC)=O)=C1
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 140 mg/mL (502.89 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.5921 mL 17.9604 mL 35.9208 mL
5 mM 0.7184 mL 3.5921 mL 7.1842 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.42%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (241 KB) LCMS (98 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[2]

KB, human oral epidermoid carcinoma cell lines (ATCC CCL-17) are plated at a density of 5×103 cells/200 μL/well into 96-well plate. After an overnight growth, the cells are treated with a series of paradol derivatives. All of the derivatives of paradol tested are dissolved in DMSO. The final concentration of DMSO in the culture medium is kept below 0.1% and the controls are treated with DMSO alone. Cell viability is assessed using MTT assay. In brief, after the cells are grown in the media in the absence or presence of the test compounds (e.g., Paradol, 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 48 h, they are then replaced to a 200 μL culture medium containing 0.5 mg/mL MTT for 3 h. The resulting MTT-formazan product is dissolved by an addition of the same volume of DMSO. The amount of formazan is determined by measuring the absorbance at 570 nm[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[3][4]

Mice[3]
Male ICR mice (7 weeks old, 36±2 g) challenged with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion (M/R) are randomly divided into vehicle (10% Tween80)- or Paradol-administered groups (n=6~7 per group). Paradol dissolved in 10% Tween80 is orally administered (10 mg/kg) into mice at 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg immediately after reperfusion.
Rats[4]
Five-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (male) are used. At 8 weeks of age, the rats are fasted for 14 h prior to the oral administration of olive oil (1 mL) containing zingerone or 6-, 8-, or 12-paradol (10 mg/kg). Three rats in each group are anesthetized with isoflurane, and samples (0.3 mL) of their blood are collected from their jugular vein using a heparinized needle and syringe at 0 (i.e., prior to the oral administration), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after the oral administration of the olive oil containing test compounds. The AUC0-24h values determined using this time schedule are very similar compared with AUC0-24h that sampled the time points more minutely with other materials in our laboratory.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.5921 mL 17.9604 mL 35.9208 mL 89.8021 mL
5 mM 0.7184 mL 3.5921 mL 7.1842 mL 17.9604 mL
10 mM 0.3592 mL 1.7960 mL 3.5921 mL 8.9802 mL
15 mM 0.2395 mL 1.1974 mL 2.3947 mL 5.9868 mL
20 mM 0.1796 mL 0.8980 mL 1.7960 mL 4.4901 mL
25 mM 0.1437 mL 0.7184 mL 1.4368 mL 3.5921 mL
30 mM 0.1197 mL 0.5987 mL 1.1974 mL 2.9934 mL
40 mM 0.0898 mL 0.4490 mL 0.8980 mL 2.2451 mL
50 mM 0.0718 mL 0.3592 mL 0.7184 mL 1.7960 mL
60 mM 0.0599 mL 0.2993 mL 0.5987 mL 1.4967 mL
80 mM 0.0449 mL 0.2245 mL 0.4490 mL 1.1225 mL
100 mM 0.0359 mL 0.1796 mL 0.3592 mL 0.8980 mL
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Paradol Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Paradol27113-22-0[6]-Gingerone [6]-ParadolCOXCyclooxygenaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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