2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1115
    Buspirone hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.99%
    Buspirone hydrochloride is a 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Buspirone hydrochloride can be used for anxiety and depression research.
    Buspirone hydrochloride
  • HY-135897
    Urolithin C
    		Activator 99.66%
    Urolithin C, a gut-microbial metabolite of Ellagic acid, is a glucose-dependent activator of insulin secretion. Urolithin C is a L-type Ca2+ channel opener and enhances Ca2+ influx. Urolithin C induces cell apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway and also stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation.
    Urolithin C
  • HY-34350
    2-(Aminomethyl)phenol
    		Inhibitor 98.07%
    2-(Aminomethyl)phenol (2-Hydroxybenzylamine), a selective dicarbonyl scavenger, is an antioxidant and scavanger of free radicals and isolevuglandins (IsoLGs). 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can be used in the research of inflammation and cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and arrhythmias.
    2-(Aminomethyl)phenol
  • HY-N1412
    1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid
    		98.85%
    1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity.
    1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid
  • HY-P1004
    Luciferase
    Luciferase from Vibrio fischeri has also been used in a study to investigate the sensitivity of dark mutants of various strains of luminescent bacteria to reactive oxygen species.
    Luciferase
  • HY-N0578
    Apigenin 7-glucoside
    		98.97%
    Apigenin-7-glucoside (Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) exhibits significant anti-proliferative and antioxidant activity and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS).
    Apigenin 7-glucoside
  • HY-N0878
    Bufotalin
    		Activator 99.68%
    Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation.
    Bufotalin
  • HY-B0688
    Dapsone
    		99.67%
    Dapsone (4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone) is an orally active and blood-brain penetrant sulfonamide antibiotic with bacteriostatic, antimycobacterial and antiprotozoal activities. Dapsone?exerts effective antileprosy activity?and inhibits folate synthesis in cell extracts of?M. leprae. Dapsone is used for dermatologic disorder research, including leprosy, dermatitis herpetiformis, acne vulgaris et al.
    Dapsone
  • HY-123533A
    Resorufin sodium salt
    		99.56%
    Resorufin sodium salt (NSC 12097 sodium salt) is a highly fluorescent pink dye for the detection of ROS/RNS and a second analyte.
    Resorufin sodium salt
  • HY-B0722
    Histamine dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.51%
    Histamine dihydrochloride is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor. Histamine dihydrochloride can suppress ROS production and work together with IL-2 to activate T cells and NK cells, leading to immune activation in the tumor microenvironment, which consequently kills acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Histamine dihydrochloride can cause a reduction in vaginal tetrazo reduction, increased epithelial growth, and heightened keratinization in mouse models of ovariectomy. Histamine dihydrochloride can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma.
    Histamine dihydrochloride
  • HY-119695A
    Simvastatin acid ammonium
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    Simvastatin acid (Tenivastatin) ammonium is a potent HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor. Simvastatin acid ammonium reduces Indoxyl sulfate-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human cardiomyocytes. Simvastatin acid ammonium can also modulates OATP3A1 expression in cardiomyocytes and HEK293 cells transfected with the OATP3A1 gene.
    Simvastatin acid ammonium
  • HY-N0037
    Albiflorin
    		Inhibitor 98.18%
    Albiflorin, a major constituent contained in peony root, is a monoterpene glycoside with neuroprotective effects. Albiflorin also has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antinociceptive effects.
    Albiflorin
  • HY-B0356B
    Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate
    		Inducer 99.90%
    Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) hydrochloride monohydrate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity.
    Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate
  • HY-P1844A
    Chemerin-9 (149-157) (TFA)
    		Inducer
    Chemerin-9 (149-157) TFA is a potent agonist of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) . Chemerin-9 (149-157) TFA has anti-inflammatory activity. Chemerin-9 (149-157) TFA stimulates phosphorylation of Akt and ERK as well as ROS production. Chemerin-9 (149-157) TFA ameliorates Aβ1-42-induced memory impairmen. Chemerin-9 (149-157) TFA regulates immune responses, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose metabolism.
    Chemerin-9 (149-157) (TFA)
  • HY-B1960
    Canthaxanthin
    		≥98.0%
    Canthaxanthin is a red-orange carotenoid with various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antitumor properties.
    Canthaxanthin
  • HY-N0271
    Echinocystic acid
    		98.10%
    Echinocystic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpene with potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
    Echinocystic acid
  • HY-N8241
    N-trans-Caffeoyltyramine
    		99.71%
    N-TRANS-CaffeoyLtyramine is an effective inflammatory response regulator, which has antioxidant activity and anticoagulation effects.
    N-trans-Caffeoyltyramine
  • HY-119358
    Traumatic Acid
    		Activator 99.85%
    Traumatic Acid is a wound healing agent and a cytokinin (phytohormone). Traumatic Acid enhances the biosynthesis of collagen in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Traumatic Acid inhibits MCF-7 breast cancer cells viability and enhances apoptosis and oxidative stress. Traumatic Acid can be used in studies of cancer, circulatory disorders (including arterial hypertension), and skin diseases associated with oxidative stress and impaired collagen biosynthesis.
    Traumatic Acid
  • HY-128973
    Pyropheophorbide-a
    		≥98.0%
    Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for tumors. Pyropheophorbide-a exhibits phototoxic effects on tumor cells, such as cervical cancer cells, and also has anti-lipogenesis activity. Pyropheophorbide-a shows potential for research in the fields of cancer and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Pyropheophorbide-a derivatives also demonstrate inhibitory activity against tumor cells.
    Pyropheophorbide-a
  • HY-111798A
    Heme Oxygenase-1-IN-1 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.03%
    Heme Oxygenase-1-IN-1 (Compound 2) hydrochloride is a heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.25 μM.
    Heme Oxygenase-1-IN-1 hydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity