2. Apoptosis TGF-beta/Smad NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK
  3. Apoptosis TGF-β Receptor NF-κB COX NADPH Oxidase ROS Kinase
  4. Melamine

Melamine is an orally active inducer of Apoptosis. Melamine induces animal disease models. Melamine affects the activity of Sertoli cell and can be used for research on male reproductive function. Melamine also has neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Melamine induces cognitive impairment and acute kidney injury models. Melamine can also be used to induce bladder cancer and urinary stone models.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Melamine Chemical Structure

Melamine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 108-78-1

Size Price Stock Quantity
Free Sample (0.1 - 0.5 mg)   Apply Now  
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
5 g In-stock
10 g   Get quote  
50 g   Get quote  

* Please select Quantity before adding items.

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Melamine:

Melamine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

View All TGF-β Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
ALK1 ALK2 ALK3 ALK4 ALK5 ALK6 ALK7 TGFβR2 ACVR2A ACVR2B

View All NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

View All COX Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
COX COX-1 COX-2 COX-3

View All NADPH Oxidase Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
NOX1 NOX2 NOX4

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Melamine is an orally active inducer of Apoptosis. Melamine induces animal disease models. Melamine affects the activity of Sertoli cell and can be used for research on male reproductive function. Melamine also has neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Melamine induces cognitive impairment and acute kidney injury models. Melamine can also be used to induce bladder cancer and urinary stone models[1][2][3][4][5][6].

In Vitro

Melamine (0-1000 g/mL, 24 h) suppresses cell viability and induces cell apoptosis in concentration-dependent manner in Sertoli cells[1].
Melamine (50 g/mL, 24 h) down-regulates the expressions of junction-associated proteins including occludin, N-cadherin, and vimentin, suggesting that MA disrupts the integrity of Sertoli cell barrier[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Melamine Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay [1]

Cell Line: TM4 cells
Concentration: 0, 10, 30, 50, 100, 500, 1000 g/mL
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Decreased cell viability at a concentration of 50 g/mL or greater dose-dependently.
Induced dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, swollen mitochondria, a disrupted cytoplasmic membrane, and nuclear enlargement and dissolve of the chromatin.
Induced apoptotic bodies formation and increased both early apoptotic cells and late apoptotic cells at 500 g/mL.
Decreased the expression levels of N-cadherin, occludin, and vimentin.
In Vivo

Melamine (300 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 28 days) is able to impair the learning and memory abilities and reduces rats weight [2].
Melamine (60-600 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 2 weeks) impairs endothelial function and increases pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic markers in renal arteries of rats dose-dependently[3].

Pk parameter of Melamine. The half-life (t1/2) is 32.2-32.9 hours, the clearance (Clz/F) is 35.9-36.6 mL/h/kg, and the volume of distribution (Vss) is 1.67-1.74 L/kg [8].Melamine can be used in animal modeling to construct models of acute nephrotoxicity, cognitive deficits, and urinary stone formation.
1. Induction of acute nephrotoxicity[4]
The pathogenic mechanisms
Melamine disrupts urinary metabolism and amino acid metabolism in a dose-dependent manner.
The specific modeling methods
Mice: Wistar rats;
Administration: 100, 300, 600 mg/kg • p.o. • 15 days
Modeling success indicators
Molecular changes ：Down-regulates 5-Hydroxytryptophan, decreases tyrosine, citric acid, and lowers blood uric acid levels.
Phenotypic observations ：Increases kidney weight, crystal deposition in the renal papillary collecting ducts, and renal inflammation were observed.
Similar products
Opposite Product
2. Induction of cognitive deficits [5]
The pathogenic mechanisms
Melamine impairs hippocampal function and inhibited differentiated PC12 cell proliferation.
The specific modeling methods
Rat: Wistar rats • Male • three-week-old
Administration: 300 mg/kg • daily for 4 weeks • control rats: 1%CMC 300 mg/kg from days 1 to 28 (i.g.) or 0.2 mL/rat/day.
Modeling success indicators
Neurology ：Reduces excitatory postsynaptic potential in rats.
Behavioral observation ：Induces symptoms of piloerection and haematuria as well as reduced spontaneous activity.
Opposite Product(s)
3. Induction of urinary stones [6]
The pathogenic mechanisms
Induces transitional cell hyperplasia and ischemic changes in the kidney.
The specific modeling methods
Rat: F344/DuCrj rats • Male • six-week-old
Administration: 1 and 3% Melamine • p.o. • daily for 40 weeks
Note
Melamine was added to powdered basal diet or 5 and 10% NaCl containing diet at concentrations of 1 and 3%.
Modeling success indicators
Behavioral observations ：Induces the decrease in kidney weight, promotes the formation of kidney stones, increases bladder weight and leads to focal lesions such as fibrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and tubular regeneration.
Opposite Product(s)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Healthy male Wistar rats, three-week-old[2]
Dosage: 300 mg/kg
Administration: p.o., daily, 28 days
Result: Obviously reduced number of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area.
Significantly increased MDA (Malonaldehyde) level and decreased ATP, T-SOD and GSH-Px in the hippocampus content.
Animal Model: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, male 4-week-old rats, 2-month old female rats, male pups [3]
Dosage: 60, 300, 600 mg/kg (male 4-week-old rats), 600 mg/kg (2-month old female rats, male pups)
Administration: p.o., daily, 2 weeks (2-month old female rats), 3 months (male 4-week-old rats, male pups)
Result: Reduced the cortical enhancement dose-dependently.
Had long term harmful effect on renovascular function.
Molecular Weight

126.12

Formula

C3H6N6
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 10 mg/mL (79.29 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 1 mg/mL (7.93 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 7.9288 mL 39.6438 mL 79.2877 mL
5 mM 1.5858 mL 7.9288 mL 15.8575 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (9.91 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (9.91 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.17%

SDS (479 KB)

COA (246 KB) LCMS (260 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 7.9288 mL 39.6438 mL 79.2877 mL 198.2192 mL
5 mM 1.5858 mL 7.9288 mL 15.8575 mL 39.6438 mL
DMSO 10 mM 0.7929 mL 3.9644 mL 7.9288 mL 19.8219 mL
15 mM 0.5286 mL 2.6429 mL 5.2858 mL 13.2146 mL
20 mM 0.3964 mL 1.9822 mL 3.9644 mL 9.9110 mL
25 mM 0.3172 mL 1.5858 mL 3.1715 mL 7.9288 mL
30 mM 0.2643 mL 1.3215 mL 2.6429 mL 6.6073 mL
40 mM 0.1982 mL 0.9911 mL 1.9822 mL 4.9555 mL
50 mM 0.1586 mL 0.7929 mL 1.5858 mL 3.9644 mL
60 mM 0.1321 mL 0.6607 mL 1.3215 mL 3.3037 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • No file chosen (Maximum size is: 1024 Kb)
  • If you have published this work, please enter the PubMed ID.
  • Your name will appear on the site.

Melamine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Melamine108-78-1ApoptosisTGF-β ReceptorNF-κBCOXNADPH OxidaseROS KinaseTransforming growth factor beta receptorsNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBCyclooxygenaseNOXreproductive toxicityhippocampusoxidative damagecognitive deficitrenal and vascular functioninflammatoryInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

Your Recently Viewed Products:

Inquiry Online

Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

Product Name

  

Requested Quantity *

Applicant Name *

 

Salutation

Email Address *

 

Phone Number *

Department

 

Organization Name *

City

State

Country or Region *

      

Remarks

Bulk Inquiry

Inquiry Information

Product Name:
Melamine
Cat. No.:
HY-Y1117
Quantity:
MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

Customer Review

Thank You for Your Feedback!

Request for HNMR Report

Please fill out this form to request the QC report. We will send it to your Email address shortly.

Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

Product Name

  

Lot #

Applicant Name *

 

Email Address *

Phone Number

 

Department *

Organization Name *

 

Country or Region *

Remarks

SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)

English - EN (479 KB) Français - FR (479 KB) Deutsch - DE (479 KB) Norwegian - NO (479 KB) Español - ES (479 KB) Swedish - SV (479 KB)

Request for HNMR Report

We have received your request and will respond to you as soon as possible.