2. Neuronal Signaling GPCR/G Protein Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Phenylacetylglycine

Phenylacetylglycine is a gut microbial metabolite that can activate β2AR. Phenylacetylglycine protects against cardiac injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion.

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Phenylacetylglycine Chemical Structure

Phenylacetylglycine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 500-98-1

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Phenylacetylglycine:

Phenylacetylglycine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Phenylacetylglycine

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α adrenergic receptor β adrenergic receptor

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Phenylacetylglycine is a gut microbial metabolite that can activate β2AR. Phenylacetylglycine protects against cardiac injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion[1].

IC50 & Target[1]

β2 adrenoceptor

 

Microbial Metabolite

 

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Phenylacetylglycine (10-100 μM; 30 min before H/R injury) reduces disreoxygenation (H/R) injury-induced apoptosis and activates Gαi and Gαs signaling in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs)[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Phenylacetylglycine Related Antibodies

Apoptosis Analysis[1]

Cell Line: Neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs)
Concentration: 10, 33 and 100 μM
Incubation Time: Half an hour before H/R injury
Result: Inhibited disreoxygenation injury induced apoptosis.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: Neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs)
Concentration: 10, 33 and 100 μM
Incubation Time: Half an hour before H/R injury
Result: Significantly decreased the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 and cleaved-caspase 3 expression. Enhanced p-PI3K protein expression. cAMP levels were increased in the early stage and then gradually decreased.
Molecular Weight

193.20

Formula

C10H11NO3
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(O)CNC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (517.60 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.1760 mL 25.8799 mL 51.7598 mL
5 mM 1.0352 mL 5.1760 mL 10.3520 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 0.83 mg/mL (4.30 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.83 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (8.3 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 0.83 mg/mL (4.30 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.83 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (8.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.63%

COA (244 KB) LCMS (88 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 5.1760 mL 25.8799 mL 51.7598 mL 129.3996 mL
5 mM 1.0352 mL 5.1760 mL 10.3520 mL 25.8799 mL
10 mM 0.5176 mL 2.5880 mL 5.1760 mL 12.9400 mL
15 mM 0.3451 mL 1.7253 mL 3.4507 mL 8.6266 mL
20 mM 0.2588 mL 1.2940 mL 2.5880 mL 6.4700 mL
25 mM 0.2070 mL 1.0352 mL 2.0704 mL 5.1760 mL
30 mM 0.1725 mL 0.8627 mL 1.7253 mL 4.3133 mL
40 mM 0.1294 mL 0.6470 mL 1.2940 mL 3.2350 mL
50 mM 0.1035 mL 0.5176 mL 1.0352 mL 2.5880 mL
60 mM 0.0863 mL 0.4313 mL 0.8627 mL 2.1567 mL
80 mM 0.0647 mL 0.3235 mL 0.6470 mL 1.6175 mL
100 mM 0.0518 mL 0.2588 mL 0.5176 mL 1.2940 mL
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Phenylacetylglycine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Phenylacetylglycine500-98-1Adrenergic ReceptorApoptosisEndogenous MetaboliteBeta Receptorneonatal mouse cardiomyocytesNMCMsischemia/reperfusionInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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