Search Result

Pathways Recommended:	Metabolic Enzyme/Protease

Results for "

mitochondrial enzyme

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Mitochondrial Metabolism (11) Mitophagy (1) Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase (1) AMPK (1) Androgen Receptor (1) Antibiotic (2) Apoptosis (9) Bacterial (2) Biochemical Assay Reagents (3) Calcium Channel (1) Carbonic Anhydrase (1) Cholinesterase (ChE) (2) Cytochrome P450 (3) Deubiquitinase (1) Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (1) Endogenous Metabolite (15) Fluorescent Dye (1) Glycosidase (1) Histone Demethylase (1) HIV (4) HSP (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (3) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) Necroptosis (2) NF-κB (4) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (4) Parasite (3) PD-1/PD-L1 (1) Pyruvate Carboxylase (PC) (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (5) Sodium Channel (1) TrxR (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (12) Cardiovascular Disease (3) Infection (10) Inflammation/Immunology (8) Metabolic Disease (11) Neurological Disease (3)

By Targets:

Mitochondrial Metabolism (11)

Mitophagy (1)

Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase (1)

AMPK (1)

Androgen Receptor (1)

Antibiotic (2)

Apoptosis (9)

Bacterial (2)

Biochemical Assay Reagents (3)

Calcium Channel (1)

Carbonic Anhydrase (1)

Cholinesterase (ChE) (2)

Cytochrome P450 (3)

Deubiquitinase (1)

Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (1)

Endogenous Metabolite (15)

Fluorescent Dye (1)

Glycosidase (1)

Histone Demethylase (1)

HIV (4)

HSP (1)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (3)

Keap1-Nrf2 (1)

Necroptosis (2)

NF-κB (4)

Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (4)

Parasite (3)

PD-1/PD-L1 (1)

Pyruvate Carboxylase (PC) (1)

Reactive Oxygen Species (5)

Sodium Channel (1)

TrxR (1)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (12)

Cardiovascular Disease (3)

Infection (10)

Inflammation/Immunology (8)

Metabolic Disease (11)

Neurological Disease (3)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Natural
Products

Recombinant Proteins

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Antibodies

Targets Recommended: Mitochondrial Metabolism Proteolytic Enzyme Endothelin-Converting Enzyme (ECE) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) NEDD8-activating Enzyme E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Mitophagy IRE1 TET Protein

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-P2911

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)) GLDH	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Others
Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) (GLDH) can be found in hepatocytes, renal tissue, brain, muscle, and intestinal cells. Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) is often used in biochemical studies. Glutamate dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme, it catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as part of the urea cycle .

HY-P2994

3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 3-HBDH	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (3-HBDH) is a mitochondrial enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies and butanoate metabolism. 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase catalyzes (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate converts into acetoacetate .

HY-B1093

Fenchlorphos	Parasite Cholinesterase (ChE)	Infection
Fenchlorphos, an organophosphate, is an insecticide. Fenchlorphos is an inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Fenchlorphos is able to cause mitochondrial dysfunction .

HY-112860

Asp-AMS	Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Mitochondrial Metabolism	Metabolic Disease
Asp-AMS, an analogue of aspartyl-adenylate, is an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor and also a strong competitive inhibitor of the **mitochondrial enzyme**.

HY-18733

Lipoic acid 5+ Cited Publications (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid; R-(+)-Thioctic acid	Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

HY-125857

Cytochrome C	Biochemical Assay Reagents Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease
Cytochrome C is a multi-functional enzyme involving in life and death decisions of the cell. Cytochrome C is essential in mitochondrial electron transport and intrinsic type II apoptosis .

HY-18733R

Lipoic acid (Standard) 5+ Cited Publications (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid(Standard); R-(+)-Thioctic acid (Standard)	Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Lipoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lipoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

HY-B0263S1

Thiabendazole-13C6 2-(4-Thiazolyl)benzimidazole-¹³C₆	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Mitochondrial Metabolism Parasite	Infection
Thiabendazole- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C₆ labeled Thiabendazole. Thiabendazole inhibites the mitochondrial helminth-specific enzyme, fumarate reductase, with anthelminthic property.

HY-W055845

4-Methylbenzamide oxime	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
4-Methylbenzamide oxime is a model of benzamide oxime and can be used as a substrate for mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) catalytic enzyme reduction .

HY-B1093R

Fenchlorphos (Standard)	Parasite Cholinesterase (ChE)	Infection
Fenchlorphos (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fenchlorphos. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fenchlorphos, an organophosphate, is an insecticide. Fenchlorphos is an inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Fenchlorphos is able to cause mitochondrial dysfunction .

HY-157935

17β-HSD10-IN-3	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
17β-HSD10-IN-3 (compound 23) is a 17β-HSD10 inhibitor with the IC₅₀ of 5.59 μM. 17β-HSD10-IN-3 shows no cell cytotoxicity toward the HEK-293 cell line up to 20 μM .

HY-B0445B

α-NAD α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide	Others	Others
α-NAD (α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) serves as a substrate for renalase and functions as an analog of β-NAD, influencing the kinetics of NAD-dependent enzymes, while also playing a crucial role as a cofactor in mitochondrial oxidation-reduction reactions.

HY-P2776

Hexokinase, microorganism	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Hexokinase (ScHEX1) (EC 2.7.1.1) is a glycolytic enzyme hexokinase that is inhibited by n-acetylglucosamine. Inhibition of Hexokinase (ScHEX1) by n-acetylglucosamine leads to its separation from the mitochondrial outer membrane, resulting in activation of NLRP3 inflammasome .

HY-18733S

Lipoic acid-d4 (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid-d₄; R-(+)-Thioctic acid-d₄	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Lipoic acid-d₄ ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid-d₄) is deuterium labeled Lipoic acid. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid .

HY-110159

(E/Z)-Teriflunomide (E/Z)-A77 1726	Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
(E/Z)-Teriflunomide ((E/Z)-A77 1726) is the active metabolite of Leflunomide (HY-B0083). Leflunomide is an immunomodulatory agent that may exert effects by inhibiting the mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). Leflunomide can be used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) .

HY-155535

17β-HSD10-IN-2	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
17β-HSD10-IN-2 (compound 11) is a benzothiazolylurea-based inhibitor，targeting to 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10)，a multifunctional mitochondrial enzyme. 17β-HSD10-IN-2 don't lead to mitochondrial off-targets and cytotoxic or neurotoxic effects. 17β-HSD10 inhibitors can be used for research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and hormone-dependent cancer .

HY-N0157

Orotic acid 2 Publications Verification 6-Carboxyuracil; Vitamin B13	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .

HY-136976

WST-1 3 Publications Verification	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
WST-1 is a kind of water-soluble tetrazolium salt. WST induces the intracellular mitochondrial dehydrogenase to conduct NADH-dependent enzyme digestion reaction, releasing the water-soluble methyl benzene product. WST-1 can be used for the detection of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, via the determination of the light absorption value at 450 nm .

HY-N0157A

Orotic acid zinc 2 Publications Verification 6-Carboxyuracil zinc; Vitamin B13 zinc	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Orotic acid (zinc), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid (zinc) is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid (zinc) can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .

HY-163771

Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-5	Pyruvate Carboxylase (PC)	Metabolic Disease
Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-5 (compound 6m) is a pyruvate carboxylase inhibitor with high selectivity and permeability. Pyruvate carboxylase is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, a process that plays an important role in maintaining steady-state levels of Krebs cycle intermediates, which are precursors for the synthesis of biomacromolecules such as amino acids, fatty acids, and glucose .

HY-B0124S

Zonisamide-d4	Carbonic Anhydrase Calcium Channel Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
Zonisamide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an inhibitor of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM for human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide has antiepileptic activity. Zonisamide can be used for the rsearch for epilepsy, seizures and Parkinson's disease[1][2].

HY-149127

Rosolutamide ASC-JM17; ALZ-003	Keap1-Nrf2 Androgen Receptor HSP Mitophagy	Metabolic Disease
Rosolutamide (ASC-JM17), a curcumin analog, is an orally active, potent Nrf1 and Nrf2 activator. Rosolutamide activates Nrf1, Nrf2 and heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1), thereby activating the expression of proteasome subunits, antioxidant enzymes and molecular chaperones. Rosolutamide degrades the polyglutamine (polyQ) androgen receptor (AR) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and improves motor function in mouse models of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Rosolutamide improves mitochondrial function and promotes autophagy, decreases mutant protein aggregates, and attenuates intracellular/mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels .

HY-111623

USP30 inhibitor 11	Deubiquitinase	Cancer
USP30 inhibitor 11 is a selective and potent ubiquitin specific peptidase 30 (USP30) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.01 μΜ, the example 83 extracted from patent WO2017009650A1. USP30 inhibitor 11 is used for the study of cancer and conditions involving mitochondrial dysfunction .

HY-N0157R

Orotic acid (Standard) 6-Carboxyuracil (Standard); Vitamin B13 (Standard)	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Orotic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Orotic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .

HY-120914

TrxR1-IN-B19 GO-Y015	TrxR Apoptosis	Cancer
TrxR1-IN-B19 (GO-Y015) (Compound B19) is a Curcumin (HY-N0005) derivative and colvalent TrxR1 inhibitor. TrxR1-IN-B19 inhibits TrxR1 enzyme activity to elevate oxidative stress, and then induce ROS-mediated ER Stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, subsequently resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis .

HY-N0492S

α-Lipoic Acid-d5 Thioctic acid-d₅; (±)-α-Lipoic acid-d₅; DL-α-Lipoic acid-d₅	Isotope-Labeled Compounds NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
α-Lipoic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled α-Lipoic Acid. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4].

HY-N0157S1

Orotic acid-13C,15N2 monohydrate 6-Carboxyuracil-¹³C,¹⁵N₂ monohydrate; Vitamin B13-¹³C,¹⁵N₂ monohydrate	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Orotic acid- ¹³C, ¹⁵N₂ (monohydrate) is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Orotic acid[1]. Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats[2][3][4].

HY-145751

7α-Hydroxy-DHEA 7α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone; 3β,7α-Dihydroxy-Δ5-androsten-17-one	Cytochrome P450 Mitochondrial Metabolism	Metabolic Disease Cancer
7α-Hydroxy-DHEA (7α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone) is a 7α-hydroxylated metabolite of DHEA (HY-14650), catalyzed by intracellular steroid 7α-hydroxylases such as P450 2A1. 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA exhibits biological activity comparable to DHEA but does not convert into compounds with androgenic or estrogenic activity. It induces the activity of thermogenic enzymes such as mitochondrial sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytosolic malic enzyme, enhancing heat production and reducing food utilization efficiency. As a more efficient and safer metabolite compared to DHEA, 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA holds potential for studies in the fields of obesity, metabolic diseases, and adrenal carcinoma .

HY-B1218

Sulfaphenazole Maximum Cited Publications 10 Publications Verification	Cytochrome P450 Antibiotic Bacterial Necroptosis Apoptosis	Infection Cardiovascular Disease
Sulfaphenazole is a selective inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 enzyme. Sulfaphenazole is a cytoprotective agent against light-induced death of photoreceptors. Sulfaphenazole inhibits light-induced necrosis and mitochondrial stress-initiated apoptosis. Sulfaphenazole is an off patent sulfonamide antibiotic and demonstrates bactericidal activity through enhanced M1 macrophage activity. Sulfaphenazole can significantly reduce infarct size and restore post-ischemic coronary flow following ischemia and reperfusion .

HY-B0481

Miglitol BAY1099; BAY-m1099	Glycosidase AMPK Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease
Miglitol (BAY-m1099) is an orally active antidiabetic compound that inhibits the breakdown of glycoconjugates into glucose. Miglitol inhibits glycoside hydrolase enzymes called α-glucosidases. Miglitol inhibits oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial ROS over-production in endothelial cells by enhancement of AMP-activated protein kinase. Dietary supplementation with Miglitol from pre-onset stage in OLETF rats delays the onset and development of diabetes and preserves the insulin secretory function of pancreatic islets .

HY-156202

Geranylgeranoic acid	Histone Demethylase PD-1/PD-L1 Apoptosis	Cancer
Geranylgeranoic acid (Compound 5) is inhibits lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) with an IC₅₀ value of 46.97 µM. Geranylgeranoic acid induces apoptosis via loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of interleukin-1β-converting enzyme (ICE) and cysteine protease precursor 32 (CPP32) in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 human hepatoma cells and MLE-10 transformed mouse hepatocytes. Geranylgeranoic acid an isoprenoid with anticancer activity, which is found in S. chinensis .

HY-N0492

α-Lipoic Acid 5+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid; (±)-α-Lipoic acid; DL-α-Lipoic acid	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-B1218R

Sulfaphenazole (Standard)	Cytochrome P450 Antibiotic Bacterial Necroptosis Apoptosis	Infection Cardiovascular Disease
Sulfaphenazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sulfaphenazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sulfaphenazole is a selective inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 enzyme. Sulfaphenazole is a cytoprotective agent against light-induced death of photoreceptors. Sulfaphenazole inhibits light-induced necrosis and mitochondrial stress-initiated apoptosis. Sulfaphenazole is an off patent sulfonamide antibiotic and demonstrates bactericidal activity through enhanced M1 macrophage activity. Sulfaphenazole can significantly reduce infarct size and restore post-ischemic coronary flow following ischemia and reperfusion .

HY-N0492A

α-Lipoic Acid sodium 5+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid sodium; (±)-α-Lipoic acid sodium; DL-α-Lipoic acid sodium	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-D0714

Tetrazolium Red 3 Publications Verification 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TPTZ; TTC	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cardiovascular Disease
Tetrazolium Red (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TTC) is a not brain-penetrant, colorless, water-soluble dye that is reduced by mitochondrial enzymes to a deep red, water-insoluble compound (formazan) mainly in the mitochondria of living cells. Tetrazolium Red is used to observe the activity of dehydrogenase, and it turns colorless to red when exposed to hydrogen. Tetrazolium Red distinguishes between surviving and infarcted brain tissue after stroke. Tetrazolium Red has been used to stain heart tissue to measure the extent of acute lesions and also used to stain brain tissue to detect the size of the infarcted area. The absorption wavelength of Tetrazolium Red is 570 nm .

HY-N0492R

α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) 5+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid (Standard); (±)-α-Lipoic acid (Standard); DL-α-Lipoic acid (Standard)	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Lipoic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L133

Cuproptosis Compound Library	253 compounds
Copper is an important co-factor of all biological enzymes, but if the concentration exceeds the threshold of maintaining the homeostasis mechanism, copper will lead to cytotoxicity. This death mechanism has been named "Cuproptosis". The mechanism of cuproptosis distinct from all other known mechanisms of regulated cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Copper combine with the lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), leading to lipoylated protein aggregation and subsequent loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins, ultimately resulting in protein toxicity stress and cell death. Studies have shown that the necessary factors for cuproptosis include the presence of glutathione, mitochondrial metabolism of galactose and pyruvate, and glutamine metabolism. Targeted regulation of cuproptosis is a potential choice to treat cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases. For example, up-regulation of LIPT1 may inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors by destroying TCA in mitochondria and then inducing cuproptosis. MCE supplies a unique collection of 253 cuproptosis-related compounds, all of which act on the targets or signaling pathways related to cuproptosis and may have in inhibitory or activated effect on cuproptosis. MCE Cuproptosis Library is a useful tool for drug research related to cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases.

Cuproptosis Compound Library

253 compounds

Copper is an important co-factor of all biological enzymes, but if the concentration exceeds the threshold of maintaining the homeostasis mechanism, copper will lead to cytotoxicity. This death mechanism has been named "Cuproptosis".

The mechanism of cuproptosis distinct from all other known mechanisms of regulated cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis.

Copper combine with the lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), leading to lipoylated protein aggregation and subsequent loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins, ultimately resulting in protein toxicity stress and cell death. Studies have shown that the necessary factors for cuproptosis include the presence of glutathione, mitochondrial metabolism of galactose and pyruvate, and glutamine metabolism.

Targeted regulation of cuproptosis is a potential choice to treat cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases. For example, up-regulation of LIPT1 may inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors by destroying TCA in mitochondria and then inducing cuproptosis.

MCE supplies a unique collection of 253 cuproptosis-related compounds, all of which act on the targets or signaling pathways related to cuproptosis and may have in inhibitory or activated effect on cuproptosis. MCE Cuproptosis Library is a useful tool for drug research related to cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases.

HY-L064

Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library	1,138 compounds
Glutamine is an important metabolic fuel that helps rapidly proliferating cells meet the increased demand for ATP, biosynthetic precursors, and reducing agents. Glutamine Metabolism pathway involves the initial deamination of glutamine by glutaminase(GLS), yielding glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate is converted to the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by either glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or by the alanine or aspartate transaminases (TAs), to produce both ATP and anabolic carbons for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. During periods of hypoxia or mitochondrial dysfunction, α-KG can be converted to citrate in a reductive carboxylation reaction catalyzed by IDH2. The newly formed citrate exits the mitochondria where it is used to synthesize fatty acids and amino acids and produce the reducing agent, NADPH. Cancer cells display an altered metabolic circuitry that is directly regulated by oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressors. Mounting evidence indicates that altered glutamine metabolism in cancer cells has critical roles in supporting macromolecule biosynthesis, regulating signaling pathways, and maintaining redox homeostasis, all of which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and survival. Thus, intervention in glutamine metabolic processes could provide novel approaches to improve cancer treatment. MCE owns a unique collection of 1,138 compounds targeting the mainly proteins and enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway. Glutamine Metabolism compound library is a useful tool for intervention in glutamine metabolic processes.

Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library

1,138 compounds

Glutamine is an important metabolic fuel that helps rapidly proliferating cells meet the increased demand for ATP, biosynthetic precursors, and reducing agents. Glutamine Metabolism pathway involves the initial deamination of glutamine by glutaminase(GLS), yielding glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate is converted to the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by either glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or by the alanine or aspartate transaminases (TAs), to produce both ATP and anabolic carbons for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. During periods of hypoxia or mitochondrial dysfunction, α-KG can be converted to citrate in a reductive carboxylation reaction catalyzed by IDH2. The newly formed citrate exits the mitochondria where it is used to synthesize fatty acids and amino acids and produce the reducing agent, NADPH.

Cancer cells display an altered metabolic circuitry that is directly regulated by oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressors. Mounting evidence indicates that altered glutamine metabolism in cancer cells has critical roles in supporting macromolecule biosynthesis, regulating signaling pathways, and maintaining redox homeostasis, all of which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and survival. Thus, intervention in glutamine metabolic processes could provide novel approaches to improve cancer treatment.

MCE owns a unique collection of 1,138 compounds targeting the mainly proteins and enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway. Glutamine Metabolism compound library is a useful tool for intervention in glutamine metabolic processes.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-136976

WST-1 3 Publications Verification	Dyes
WST-1 is a kind of water-soluble tetrazolium salt. WST induces the intracellular mitochondrial dehydrogenase to conduct NADH-dependent enzyme digestion reaction, releasing the water-soluble methyl benzene product. WST-1 can be used for the detection of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, via the determination of the light absorption value at 450 nm .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-125857

Cytochrome C	Cell Assay Reagents
Cytochrome C is a multi-functional enzyme involving in life and death decisions of the cell. Cytochrome C is essential in mitochondrial electron transport and intrinsic type II apoptosis .

HY-D0714

Tetrazolium Red 3 Publications Verification 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TPTZ; TTC	Enzyme Substrates
Tetrazolium Red (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TTC) is a not brain-penetrant, colorless, water-soluble dye that is reduced by mitochondrial enzymes to a deep red, water-insoluble compound (formazan) mainly in the mitochondria of living cells. Tetrazolium Red is used to observe the activity of dehydrogenase, and it turns colorless to red when exposed to hydrogen. Tetrazolium Red distinguishes between surviving and infarcted brain tissue after stroke. Tetrazolium Red has been used to stain heart tissue to measure the extent of acute lesions and also used to stain brain tissue to detect the size of the infarcted area. The absorption wavelength of Tetrazolium Red is 570 nm .

Tetrazolium Red

3 Publications Verification

2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TPTZ; TTC

Enzyme Substrates

Tetrazolium Red (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TTC) is a not brain-penetrant, colorless, water-soluble dye that is reduced by mitochondrial enzymes to a deep red, water-insoluble compound (formazan) mainly in the mitochondria of living cells. Tetrazolium Red is used to observe the activity of dehydrogenase, and it turns colorless to red when exposed to hydrogen. Tetrazolium Red distinguishes between surviving and infarcted brain tissue after stroke. Tetrazolium Red has been used to stain heart tissue to measure the extent of acute lesions and also used to stain brain tissue to detect the size of the infarcted area. The absorption wavelength of Tetrazolium Red is 570 nm .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-18733

Lipoic acid Maximum Cited Publications 8 Publications Verification (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid; R-(+)-Thioctic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

HY-18733R

Lipoic acid (Standard) Maximum Cited Publications 8 Publications Verification (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid(Standard); R-(+)-Thioctic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
Lipoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lipoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

HY-N0157

Orotic acid 2 Publications Verification 6-Carboxyuracil; Vitamin B13	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .

HY-N0157A

Orotic acid zinc 2 Publications Verification 6-Carboxyuracil zinc; Vitamin B13 zinc	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Orotic acid (zinc), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid (zinc) is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid (zinc) can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .

HY-N0492

α-Lipoic Acid 5+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid; (±)-α-Lipoic acid; DL-α-Lipoic acid	Infection Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-N0492A

α-Lipoic Acid sodium 5+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid sodium; (±)-α-Lipoic acid sodium; DL-α-Lipoic acid sodium	Infection Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Cancer	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-N0492R

α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) 5+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid (Standard); (±)-α-Lipoic acid (Standard); DL-α-Lipoic acid (Standard)	Infection Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Lipoic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-155535

17β-HSD10-IN-2	Structural Classification Monophenols Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Phenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
17β-HSD10-IN-2 (compound 11) is a benzothiazolylurea-based inhibitor，targeting to 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10)，a multifunctional mitochondrial enzyme. 17β-HSD10-IN-2 don't lead to mitochondrial off-targets and cytotoxic or neurotoxic effects. 17β-HSD10 inhibitors can be used for research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and hormone-dependent cancer .

HY-N0157R

Orotic acid (Standard) 6-Carboxyuracil (Standard); Vitamin B13 (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Orotic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Orotic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .

HY-145751

7α-Hydroxy-DHEA 7α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone; 3β,7α-Dihydroxy-Δ5-androsten-17-one	Structural Classification Source classification Endogenous metabolite Steroids	Cytochrome P450 Mitochondrial Metabolism
7α-Hydroxy-DHEA (7α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone) is a 7α-hydroxylated metabolite of DHEA (HY-14650), catalyzed by intracellular steroid 7α-hydroxylases such as P450 2A1. 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA exhibits biological activity comparable to DHEA but does not convert into compounds with androgenic or estrogenic activity. It induces the activity of thermogenic enzymes such as mitochondrial sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytosolic malic enzyme, enhancing heat production and reducing food utilization efficiency. As a more efficient and safer metabolite compared to DHEA, 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA holds potential for studies in the fields of obesity, metabolic diseases, and adrenal carcinoma .

Species:	Human (3)
Tag:	His (3) SUMO (1)
Source:	Sf9 insect cells (1) E. coli (2)

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HY-P71918A

	NAD-ME Protein, Human (N-His) Malate dehydrogenase; Malic enzyme 2; Malic enzyme 2 mitochondrial; Malic enzyme 2 NAD+; dependent mitochondrial; Malic enzyme mitochondrial; Malic enzyme NAD+; dependent mitochondrial; MAOM_HUMAN; ME 2; ME2; mitochondrial; NAD dependent malic enzyme mitochondrial; NAD ME; NAD-dependent malic enzyme; NAD-ME; ODS1; Pyruvic malic carboxylase	Human	E. coli
	NAD-ME, a mitochondrial malic enzyme, relies on NAD and catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate within the mitochondria. Essential for cellular energy metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, NAD-ME links metabolic pathways, influencing energy production and precursor molecule generation. Its enzymatic role is pivotal for balancing cellular redox reactions and meeting the cell's metabolic demands. NAD-ME Protein, Human (N-His) is the recombinant human-derived NAD-ME protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-6*His labeled tag.

HY-P72163

	CYP11B2 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) ALDOS; Aldosterone synthase; Aldosterone-synthesizing enzyme; C11B2_HUMAN; CYP11B2; CYPXIB2; Cytochrome P-450Aldo; Cytochrome P-450C18; Cytochrome P450 11B2; Cytochrome P450 11B2; mitochondrial; mitochondrial; P-450Aldo; P-450C18; Steroid 18-hydroxylase	Human	E. coli
	CYP11B2 Protein, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, synthesizes aldosterone, pivotal for salt and water balance, impacting blood pressure and cardiovascular health. Mechanistically, it orchestrates three oxidative reactions, forming aldosterone, utilizing molecular oxygen and a mitochondrial transfer system. Additionally, CYP11B2 may be involved in the androgen metabolic pathway, expanding its physiological roles. CYP11B2 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is the recombinant human-derived CYP11B2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His, N-SUMO labeled tag. The total length of CYP11B2 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is 479 a.a., with molecular weight (affected by relative charge) of 66 KDa.

HY-P72066

	ISCU Protein, Human (Sf9, His) 2310020H20Rik; HML; hnifU; Iron sulfur cluster assembly enzyme ISCU mitochondrial; Iron sulfur cluster scaffold homolog E. coli; ; Iron sulfur cluster scaffold homolog; Iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme ISCU; Iscu; IscU iron sulfur cluster scaffold homolog; ISCU_HUMAN; ISU2; MGC74517; mitochondrial; NIFU; NifU like N terminal domain containing; NifU like N terminal domain containing protein; NifU like protein; NifU-like N-terminal domain-containing protein; NifU-like protein; NIFUN; Nitrogen fixation cluster like; OTTHUMP00000238760; OTTHUMP00000238761; OTTHUMP00000238762; OTTHUMP00000238764; OTTHUMP00000238765	Human	Sf9 insect cells
	ISCU is an important mitochondrial scaffolding protein in the ISC assembly complex and forms the structural basis of [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly. ISCU relies on FXN to centrally receive persulfide during de novo synthesis initiated by the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1:LYRM4:NDUFAB1). ISCU Protein, Human (Sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived ISCU protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-6*His labeled tag.

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Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0124S

Zonisamide-d4
Zonisamide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an inhibitor of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM for human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide has antiepileptic activity. Zonisamide can be used for the rsearch for epilepsy, seizures and Parkinson's disease[1][2].

HY-N0492S

α-Lipoic Acid-d5
α-Lipoic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled α-Lipoic Acid. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4].

HY-N0157S1

Orotic acid-13C,15N2 monohydrate

Orotic acid- ¹³C, ¹⁵N₂ (monohydrate) is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Orotic acid[1]. Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats[2][3][4].

HY-B0263S1

Thiabendazole-13C6
Thiabendazole- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C₆ labeled Thiabendazole. Thiabendazole inhibites the mitochondrial helminth-specific enzyme, fumarate reductase, with anthelminthic property.

HY-18733S

Lipoic acid-d4
Lipoic acid-d₄ ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid-d₄) is deuterium labeled Lipoic acid. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of *mitochondrial* enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid .

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HY-P81223

	CYP11A1 Antibody Cholesterol 20 22 desmolase antibody Cholesterol desmolase antibody; Cholesterol monooxygenase (side chain cleaving) antibody; Cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme antibody; Cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme mitochondrial antibody; Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme antibody; CP11A_HUMAN antibody; CYP11A antibody; CYP11A1 antibody; CYPXIA1 antibody; Cytochrome P450 11A1 antibody; Cytochrome P450 11A1 mitochondrial antibody; Cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A polypeptide 1 antibody; Cytochrome P450 subfamily XIA antibody; Cytochrome P450(scc) antibody; Cytochrome P450C11A1 antibody; mitochondrial antibody; P450SCC antibody; Steroid 20 22 lyase antibody	WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF	Human, Mouse, Rat
	CYP11A1 Antibody is an unconjugated, approximately 53 kDa, rabbit-derived, anti-CYP11A1 polyclonal antibody. CYP11A1 Antibody can be used for: WB,IHC-F,IHC-P,ICC/IF expriments in human, mouse, rat background without labeling.

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Free Sample	Yes No
Size	* This product has been "discontinued". Optimized version of product available: / In-stock - + Add to Cart Get quote

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