2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Immunology/Inflammation Autophagy Anti-infection
  3. RAR/RXR SphK Autophagy HCV
  4. Peretinoin

Peretinoin is an oral acyclic retinoid with a vitamin A-like structure that targets retinoid nuclear receptors such as retinoid X receptor (RXR) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Peretinoin reduces the mRNA level of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in vitro by downregulating a transcription factor, Sp1. Peretinoin prevents the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through activating the autophagy pathway by increased Atg16L1 expression. Peretinoin inhibits HCV RNA amplification and virus release by altering lipid metabolism with a EC50 of 9 μM.

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Peretinoin Chemical Structure

Peretinoin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 81485-25-8

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Customer Review

Based on 5 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Peretinoin Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Peretinoin is an oral acyclic retinoid with a vitamin A-like structure that targets retinoid nuclear receptors such as retinoid X receptor (RXR) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Peretinoin reduces the mRNA level of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in vitro by downregulating a transcription factor, Sp1[1]. Peretinoin prevents the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through activating the autophagy pathway by increased Atg16L1 expression[2]. Peretinoin inhibits HCV RNA amplification and virus release by altering lipid metabolism with a EC50 of 9 μM[3].

In Vitro

Peretinoin (10-40 μM; 12-72 hours) exhibits suppressed SPHK1 expression after 24 h treatment, even at 10 μM and more prominent after 72 h peretinoin treatment [1].
Peretinoin (5 μM; 24 hours) up-regulates the expression of LC3B-II and increases autophagy flux in mouse primary hepatocytes[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Peretinoin Related Antibodies

Cell Autophagy Assay[2]

Cell Line: Mouse primary hepatocytes (MPH) and the human HCC HepG2 cell line
Concentration: 5 μM
Incubation Time: 24 hours
Result: Up-regulated the expression of LC3B-II and increased autophagy flux.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: Human hepatoma (Huh-7) cells
Concentration: 10, 20 and 40 μM
Incubation Time: 12, 24, 48 and 72  hours
Result: Exhibited suppressed SPHK1 expression after 24 h treatment, even at 10 μM.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

302.45

Formula

C20H30O2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

C/C(C)=C/CC/C(C)=C/CC/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C(O)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (165.32 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.3063 mL 16.5317 mL 33.0633 mL
5 mM 0.6613 mL 3.3063 mL 6.6127 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.79%

COA (239 KB) HNMR (256 KB) LCMS (150 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.3063 mL 16.5317 mL 33.0633 mL 82.6583 mL
5 mM 0.6613 mL 3.3063 mL 6.6127 mL 16.5317 mL
10 mM 0.3306 mL 1.6532 mL 3.3063 mL 8.2658 mL
15 mM 0.2204 mL 1.1021 mL 2.2042 mL 5.5106 mL
20 mM 0.1653 mL 0.8266 mL 1.6532 mL 4.1329 mL
25 mM 0.1323 mL 0.6613 mL 1.3225 mL 3.3063 mL
30 mM 0.1102 mL 0.5511 mL 1.1021 mL 2.7553 mL
40 mM 0.0827 mL 0.4133 mL 0.8266 mL 2.0665 mL
50 mM 0.0661 mL 0.3306 mL 0.6613 mL 1.6532 mL
60 mM 0.0551 mL 0.2755 mL 0.5511 mL 1.3776 mL
80 mM 0.0413 mL 0.2066 mL 0.4133 mL 1.0332 mL
100 mM 0.0331 mL 0.1653 mL 0.3306 mL 0.8266 mL
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Peretinoin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Peretinoin81485-25-8NIK333NIK 333NIK-333RAR/RXRSphKAutophagyHCVRetinoic acid receptorsRetinoid X receptorsSphingosine kinaseHepatitis C virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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