2. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Reactive Oxygen Species
  4. Salsalate

Salsalate  (Synonyms: Salicylsalicylic acid; Disalicylic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-B1245 Purity: 99.55%
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Salsalate is a potent antirheumatic drug with oral activity that reduces irritation during gastric absorption and avoids direct inhibition of cyclooxygenase. Salsalate not only has significant anti-inflammatory effects, but also reduces blood sugar levels, improves insulin resistance, and reduces the expression of cytokines. Salsalate can protect mice from metabolic disorders caused by high-fat diet and effectively improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis[2 ].

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Salsalate Chemical Structure

Salsalate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 552-94-3

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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Salsalate:

Salsalate Related Antibodies

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Description

Salsalate is a potent antirheumatic drug with oral activity that reduces irritation during gastric absorption and avoids direct inhibition of cyclooxygenase. Salsalate not only has significant anti-inflammatory effects, but also reduces blood sugar levels, improves insulin resistance, and reduces the expression of cytokines. Salsalate can protect mice from metabolic disorders caused by high-fat diet and effectively improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis[1][2 ][3][4][5][6].

In Vitro

Salsalate (1 mM, 72 h) inhibits the proliferation of bone marrow-derived macrophages by phosphorylating HMGCoA reductase[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Salsalate Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: BMDMs
Concentration: 1 mM
Incubation Time: 90 min
Result: Increased phosphorylation of ACC in macrophages from WT mice but not from AMPKβ1-/- mice.

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: BMDMs
Concentration: 1 mM
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Inhibited proliferation of WT macrophages but not AMPKβ1-/- mice.
In Vivo

Salsalate (2.5 g/kg feed, orally, daily, for 6 weeks) inhibits macrophage proliferation and atherosclerosis in mice through an AMPKβ1-dependent pathway[1].
Salsalate (0.5%, orally, daily, for 40 days) protects mice from metabolic dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet by activating mitochondrial uncoupling and the Sln/Serca2a axis in skeletal muscle thermogenesis[2].
Salsalate (0.33%, orally, daily, for 40 weeks) improves dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in mice, enhances diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, reduces microvesicular and macrovesicular steatosis in the liver, and decreases the incidence of liver inflammation and fibrosis[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: ApoE-/- and LDLr-/- mice and their corresponding germline or bone marrow AMPKβ1-deficient+/+[1]
Dosage: Western diet containing 2.5 g/kg salsalate; daily; 6 weeks
Administration: Oral
Result: Reduced atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root of ApoE-/- mice, and the reduction in atherosclerosis was associated with reduced macrophage proliferation, reduced plaque lipid content, and reduced serum cholesterol.
Animal Model: High-fat diet mice[2]
Dosage: 0.5%; daily; 40 days
Administration: Oral
Result: Reduced lipid accumulation in liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis, improved insulin signaling in eWAT, increased the expression of genes related to glucose and fatty acid transport and oxidation in skeletal muscle, enhanced the expression of genes for mitochondrial uncoupling and electron transport, boosted skeletal muscle sarcolipin (Sln) and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2 (Serca2), and improved whole-body glucose homeostasis.
Animal Model: CETP mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet[3]
Dosage: 0.33% in HFC; daily; 20 weeks
Administration: Oral
Result: Improved dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, improved diet-induced NASH, reduced liver microvesicular and macrovesicular fatty degeneration, reduced the occurrence of liver inflammation and fibrosis, activated genes controlled by PPAR-α, PPARγ coactivator 1β, RXR-α and inhibited transcription factor MLXIPL/ChREBP, downregulated NF-κB pathway, and downregulated TGF-β signaling pathway.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

258.23

Formula

C14H10O5
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (387.25 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.8725 mL 19.3626 mL 38.7252 mL
5 mM 0.7745 mL 3.8725 mL 7.7450 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.68 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.68 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.55%

COA (253 KB) LCMS (94 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.8725 mL 19.3626 mL 38.7252 mL 96.8129 mL
5 mM 0.7745 mL 3.8725 mL 7.7450 mL 19.3626 mL
10 mM 0.3873 mL 1.9363 mL 3.8725 mL 9.6813 mL
15 mM 0.2582 mL 1.2908 mL 2.5817 mL 6.4542 mL
20 mM 0.1936 mL 0.9681 mL 1.9363 mL 4.8406 mL
25 mM 0.1549 mL 0.7745 mL 1.5490 mL 3.8725 mL
30 mM 0.1291 mL 0.6454 mL 1.2908 mL 3.2271 mL
40 mM 0.0968 mL 0.4841 mL 0.9681 mL 2.4203 mL
50 mM 0.0775 mL 0.3873 mL 0.7745 mL 1.9363 mL
60 mM 0.0645 mL 0.3227 mL 0.6454 mL 1.6135 mL
80 mM 0.0484 mL 0.2420 mL 0.4841 mL 1.2102 mL
100 mM 0.0387 mL 0.1936 mL 0.3873 mL 0.9681 mL
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Salsalate Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Salsalate552-94-3Salicylsalicylic acid Disalicylic acidReactive Oxygen Speciesantirheumaticgastricglucoseinsulincytokinetype2diabetesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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