2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Stem Cell/Wnt
    TGF-beta/Smad
  4. TGF-beta/Smad

TGF-beta/Smad

Transforming growth factor beta

TGF-beta/Smad

Related Products

PDF 0.04 MB

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a member of a superfamily of pleiotropic proteins that regulate multiple cellular processes such as growth, development and differentiation. The intracellular effectors of TGF-beta signalling, the Smad proteins, are activated by receptors and translocate into the nucleus, where they regulate transcription. Although this pathway is inherently simple, combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smad-interacting proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF-beta family responses. Other signalling pathways further regulate Smad activation and function.

In addition, TGF-beta receptors activate Smad-independent pathways that not only regulate Smad signalling, but also allow Smad-independent TGF-beta responses. Aberrant TGF-β signaling is associated with a variety of diseases, such as fibrosis, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Hence, the TGF-β signaling pathway is recognized as a potential drug target.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0673
    Pirfenidone
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Pirfenidone (AMR69) is an antifibrotic agent that attenuates CCL2 and CCL12 production in fibrocyte cells. Pirfenidone has growth-inhibitory effect and reduces TGF-β2 protein levels in human glioma cell lines. Pirfenidone also has anti-inflammatory activities.
    Pirfenidone
  • HY-13013
    SIS3
    		Inhibitor 98.71%
    (E)-SIS3 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Smad3 with an IC50 of 3 μM for Smad3 phosphorylation. (E)-SIS3 inhibits the myofibroblast differentiation of fibroblasts by TGF-β1.
    SIS3
  • HY-N1584
    Halofuginone
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Halofuginone (RU-19110), a Febrifugine derivative, is a competitive prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor with a Ki of 18.3 nM. Halofuginone is a specific inhibitor of type-I collagen synthesis and attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibition of TGF-β activity. Halofuginone is also a potent pulmonary vasodilator by activating Kv channels and blocking voltage-gated, receptor-operated and store-operated Ca2+ channels. Halofuginone has anti-malaria, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-fibrosis effects.
    Halofuginone
  • HY-100347A
    SRI-011381 hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.55%
    SRI-011381 hydrochloride is an orally active TGF-β signaling agonist, exhibits neuroprotective effects.
    SRI-011381 hydrochloride
  • HY-N0439
    Asiaticoside
    		Modulator 99.84%
    Asiaticoside, a trisaccaride triterpene from Centella asiatica, suppresses TGF-β/Smad signaling through inducing Smad7 and inhibiting TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII in keloid fibroblasts; Asiaticoside shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer properties.
    Asiaticoside
  • HY-145721A
    Mongersen sodium
    Mongersen sodium is a specific and orally active SMAD7 antisense oligonucleotide. Mongersen sodium restores TGF-β1 activity leading to inhibition of inflammatory signals. Mongersen sodium can attenuate Crohn's disease-like experimental colitis in mice.
    Mongersen sodium
  • HY-16268A
    Kartogenin sodium
    		Activator 98.25%
    Kartogenin (KGN) sodium is an inducer of chondrogenic tissue formation (EC50: 100 nM). Kartogenin sodium induces chondrogenesis by binding to fibrin A, disrupting its interaction with the transcription factor core binding factor beta subunit (CBFβ), and by modulating the CBFβ-RUNX1 transcriptional program. Kartogenin sodium also promotes tendon-bone junction (TBJ) wound healing by stimulating collagen synthesis. Kartogenin sodium is widely used in cell-free therapy in the field of regeneration for cartilage regeneration and protection, tendon-bone healing, wound healing and limb development. Kartogenin sodium promotes cartilage repair, coordinates limb development, and is also used in osteoarthritis (OA) research.
    Kartogenin sodium
  • HY-142042
    3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyalkylamidino-5-arylamino-isothiazoles
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyalkylamidino-5-arylamino-isothiazoles is an inhibitor for bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) with an IC50 of 2.2 μM. 3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyalkylamidino-5-arylamino-isothiazoles is inhibitor for mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MEK1). 3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyalkylamidino-5-arylamino-isothiazoles exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity in EAE mouse model.
    3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyalkylamidino-5-arylamino-isothiazoles
  • HY-16268
    Kartogenin
    		Activator 98.45%
    Kartogenin (KGN) is an inducer of chondrogenic tissue formation (EC50: 100 nM). Kartogenin induces chondrogenesis by binding to fibrin A, disrupting its interaction with the transcription factor core binding factor beta subunit (CBFβ), and by modulating the CBFβ-RUNX1 transcriptional program. Kartogenin also promotes tendon-bone junction (TBJ) wound healing by stimulating collagen synthesis. Kartogenin is widely used in cell-free therapy in the field of regeneration for cartilage regeneration and protection, tendon-bone healing, wound healing and limb development. Kartogenin promotes cartilage repair, coordinates limb development, and is also used in osteoarthritis (OA) research.
    Kartogenin
  • HY-116084
    Trimethylamine N-oxide
    		Activator ≥98.0%
    Trimethylamine N-oxide is a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients. Trimethylamine N-oxide induces inflammation by activating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome. Trimethylamine N-oxide also accelerates fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and induces cardiac fibrosis by activating the TGF-β/smad2 signaling pathway.
    Trimethylamine N-oxide
  • HY-100347
    SRI-011381
    		Agonist 99.58%
    SRI-011381 is an orally active TGF-β signaling agonist, exhibits neuroprotective effects.
    SRI-011381
  • HY-P99241
    Ponsegromab
    		Inhibitor
    Ponsegromab (PF 06946860) is a potent and selective humanized anti-GDF15 monoclonal antibody with anti-cachexia activity. Ponsegromab binds to GDF15 and prevents the binding of GDF15 to GFRAL, thereby blocking GDF15/GFRAL-mediated signaling. Ponsegromab can be used in the research of cancers.
    Ponsegromab
  • HY-N0158
    Oxymatrine
    		Inhibitor 99.68%
    Oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens Alt. with anti-inflammatory, antifibrosis, and antitumor effects, inhibits the iNOS expression and TGF-β/Smad pathway. Oxymatrine inhibits bocavirus minute virus of canines (MVC) replication, reduces viral gene expression and decreases apoptosis induced by viral infection.
    Oxymatrine
  • HY-N0587
    Demethylzeylasteral
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Demethylzeylasteral is an orally active triterpenoid compound isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii, which has functions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti fertility, estrogen metabolism regulation, immune suppression, and immune system regulation [1][2].
    Demethylzeylasteral
  • HY-N0038
    Alantolactone
    		Activator 99.94%
    Alantolactone is a selective STAT3 inhibitor, with potent anticancer activity. Alantolactone induces apoptosis in cancer.
    Alantolactone
  • HY-P99720
    Luspatercept
    		Inhibitor 98.92%
    Luspatercept (ACE-536) is a recombinant modified ActRIIB fusion protein that binds with transforming growth factor β superfamily ligands. Luspatercept increases the erythrocyte numbers and promotes maturation of erythroid precursors. Luspatercept binds with GDF11 and inhibits Smad2/3 signaling. Luspatercept can be used for the research of anemia.
    Luspatercept
  • HY-N1584A
    Halofuginone hydrobromide
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    Halofuginone (RU-19110) hydrobromid, a Febrifugine derivative, is a competitive prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor with a Ki of 18.3 nM. Halofuginone hydrobromid is a specific inhibitor of type-I collagen synthesis and attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibition of TGF-β activity. Halofuginone hydrobromid is also a potent pulmonary vasodilator by activating Kv channels and blocking voltage-gated, receptor-operated and store-operated Ca2+ channels. Halofuginone hydrobromid has anti-malaria, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-fibrosis effects.
    Halofuginone hydrobromide
  • HY-P0118B
    Disitertide diammonium
    		Inhibitor 99.53%
    Disitertide (P144) diammonium is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide diammonium is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer.
    Disitertide diammonium
  • HY-101275
    EMT inhibitor-1
    		Inhibitor 99.45%
    EMT inhibitor-1 is an inhibitor of of Hippo, TGF-β, and Wnt signaling pathways with antitumor activities.
    EMT inhibitor-1
  • HY-12953
    R-268712
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    R-268712 is an orally active and selective ALK-5 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.5 nM. R-268712 inhibits the phosphorylation of Smad3 in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 10.4 nM. R-268712 suppresses glomerulonephritis as well as glomerulosclerosis by inhibiting TGF-β signaling, which can be used in studies of renal fibrosis and cancer.
    R-268712
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity