2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation Stem Cell/Wnt TGF-beta/Smad
  3. Endogenous Metabolite Keap1-Nrf2 MMP Reactive Oxygen Species TGF-beta/Smad
  4. Hippuric acid

Hippuric acid  (Synonyms: Benzoylglycine)

Cat. No.: HY-W016562 Purity: 99.98%
SDS
COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Hippuric Acid is an orally active metabolite. Hippuric Acid can be produced by intestinal microorganisms from the metabolism of polyphenols, benzoic acid. Hippuric Acid decreases NRF2, MMP9 and leads to ROS accumulation. Hippuric Acid activates TGFβ/SMAD signaling. Hippuric Acid improves hyperuricemia and colitis. Hippuric Acid can also be used in cardiovascular disease research. .

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Hippuric acid Chemical Structure

Hippuric acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 495-69-2

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Hippuric acid:

Hippuric acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

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MMP-1 MMP-2 MMP-3 MMP-8 MMP-9 MMP-13 MMP-14 MMP-17 ADAM10 ADAM17 MMP-7 MMP-12 MMP-10 MMP ADAM8

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Hippuric Acid is an orally active metabolite. Hippuric Acid can be produced by intestinal microorganisms from the metabolism of polyphenols, benzoic acid. Hippuric Acid decreases NRF2, MMP9 and leads to ROS accumulation. Hippuric Acid activates TGFβ/SMAD signaling. Hippuric Acid improves hyperuricemia and colitis. Hippuric Acid can also be used in cardiovascular disease research[1][2][3][4]. [5][6][7][8][9].

IC50 & Target[1][2][3][4]. [5][6][7][8][9]

Microbial Metabolite

 

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

MMP9

 

In Vitro

Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 25 μM; 24 h) co-incubated with Dexamethasone (HY-14648) significantly increases C2C12 myotube diameter, abrogates dexamethasone-induced reductions in myotube protein synthesis rates, and partially attenuates the increase in proteolysis in C2C12 myotubes under atrophy-like conditions[2].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 1-2 mM; 15 min) significantly reduces P-selectin/CD62P expression and inhibits PAC-1 activation-dependant antibody expression in platelets stimulated ex vivo via the P2Y1/P2Y12-adenosine diphosphate (ADP) pathway[3].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 0-1000 μM; 24 h) increases fibrosis-related gene expression, extracellular matrix imbalance, and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells[4].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 200-400 ng/mL; 24 h) increases ABCG2 expression and apical localization in Caco-2 cells[5].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 8 mg/mL; 24 h) decreases pro-inflammatory cytokine production and promotes the expression of ZO-1 in NCM460 cells treated with dextran sulfate sodium[6].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, concentration equivalent to that in 2.5% serum from blueberry-diet-fed rats) inhibits osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast resorptive activity in nonadherent mouse bone marrow cells isolated from 4-week-old C57BL6/J mice[7].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Hippuric acid Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[4]

Cell Line: HK-2 cells
Concentration: 0 μM, 62.5 μM, 125 μM, 250 μM, 500 μM, 1000 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Increased COL1A1, VIM, and ACTA2 protein levels, and reduced CDH1 levels in a concentration-dependent manner.
Attenuated MMP9 protein levels, while increasing TIMP1 levels.
Activated TGFβ/SMAD signaling, and the fibrotic responses were mediated by ROS activation of this pathway.
Inhibited the antioxidant pathway by downregulating NRF2 protein, as shown by reduced protein expression of NRF2 and its downstream antioxidant enzymes (HO1 and NQO1).
In Vivo

Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 100 mg/kg; i.p.; five times per week; 10 weeks) promotes renal fibrosis and dysfunction in 5/6 nephrectomized rats[4].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 10 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 4 weeks) alleviates hyperuricemia in mice by promoting intestinal urate excretion via enhancing ABCG2-mediated transport[5].
Hippuric Acid (Hippuric acid, 50-150 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; 7 days) alleviates DSS-induced colitis in male C57BL/6J mice, as shown by reduced clinical activity, improved intestinal barrier integrity, and modulated gut microbiota[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male Sprague Dawley rats (7-week-old, weight not specified); 5/6 nephrectomy model[4]
Dosage: 100 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, five times per week, for 10 weeks
Result: Significantly increased levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and HA.
Showed increased tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis, with larger COL1A1-, VIM-, and ACTA2-positive areas.
Revealed lower NRF2 levels.
Decreased activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH- Px.
Increased MDA levels in the kidneys, indicating redox imbalance.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

179.18

Formula

C9H9NO3
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(O)CNC(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 75 mg/mL (418.59 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.5811 mL 27.9057 mL 55.8114 mL
5 mM 1.1162 mL 5.5811 mL 11.1623 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
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Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 3.75 mg/mL (20.93 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (37.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 3.75 mg/mL (20.93 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (37.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.98%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (245 KB) HNMR (112 KB) RP-HPLC (244 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 5.5811 mL 27.9057 mL 55.8114 mL 139.5284 mL
5 mM 1.1162 mL 5.5811 mL 11.1623 mL 27.9057 mL
10 mM 0.5581 mL 2.7906 mL 5.5811 mL 13.9528 mL
15 mM 0.3721 mL 1.8604 mL 3.7208 mL 9.3019 mL
20 mM 0.2791 mL 1.3953 mL 2.7906 mL 6.9764 mL
25 mM 0.2232 mL 1.1162 mL 2.2325 mL 5.5811 mL
30 mM 0.1860 mL 0.9302 mL 1.8604 mL 4.6509 mL
40 mM 0.1395 mL 0.6976 mL 1.3953 mL 3.4882 mL
50 mM 0.1116 mL 0.5581 mL 1.1162 mL 2.7906 mL
60 mM 0.0930 mL 0.4651 mL 0.9302 mL 2.3255 mL
80 mM 0.0698 mL 0.3488 mL 0.6976 mL 1.7441 mL
100 mM 0.0558 mL 0.2791 mL 0.5581 mL 1.3953 mL
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Hippuric acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Hippuric acid495-69-2BenzoylglycineEndogenous MetaboliteKeap1-Nrf2MMPReactive Oxygen SpeciesTGF-beta/SmadMatrix metalloproteinasesTransforming growth factor betaFor bacterial culturetype B hemolytic streptococcigroup B streptococcisodium hippuratebenzoic acidInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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