2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W127530
    α-Tocopherol phosphate disodium
    		Inhibitor 98.01%
    α-Tocopherol phosphate (alpha-Tocopherol phosphate) disodium, a promising antioxidant, can protect against long-wave UVA1 induced cell death and scavenge UVA1 induced ROS in a skin cell model. α-Tocopherol phosphate disodium possesses therapeutic potential in the inhibition of apoptosis and increases the migratory capacity of endothelial progenitor cells under high-glucose/hypoxic conditions and promotes angiogenesis.
    α-Tocopherol phosphate disodium
  • HY-B1425
    Ethoxyquin
    		98.32%
    Ethoxyquin is an antioxidant which has been used in animal feed for many years and also an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90).
    Ethoxyquin
  • HY-B1453S
    L-Carnitine-d3 hydrochloride
    		≥98.0%
    L-Carnitine-d3 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled L-Carnitine hydrochloride[1].
    L-Carnitine-d<sub>3</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-D1151
    HKOH-1
    		98.13%
    HKOH-1 is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe for the specific detection of ·OH in living cells with a maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of 500 nm and 520 nm, respectively.
    HKOH-1
  • HY-137475
    Chlorin e6 trimethyl ester
    		99.81%
    Chlorin e6 trimethyl ester, a methyl pheophorbide-a derivative, is a photosensitizer that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
    Chlorin e6 trimethyl ester
  • HY-142125
    Broussochalcone A
    		Inhibitor
    Broussochalcone A is an antioxidant and an inhibitor of Xanthine Oxidase (IC50=2.21 μM), with free radical scavenging activity. Broussochalcone A inhibits iron-induced lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -activated macrophages. Broussochalcone A also induces Apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cells by increasing ROS levels and activating FOXO3 signaling pathways.
    Broussochalcone A
  • HY-111330
    Hydroxyphenyl Fluorescein
    		99.90%
    Hydroxyphenyl Fluorescein (HPF) is a stable ROS fluorescent probe dye. Hydroxyphenyl Fluorescein has stronger specificity and stability than H2DCFDA (HY-D0940). Hydroxyphenyl Fluorescein can produce strong green fluorescence through hydroxyl radical reaction with intracellular peroxynitroso. Hydroxyphenyl Fluorescein can be applied for fluorescence microscopy, high-throughput imager, luciferase microplate reader or flow cytometry. Ex/Em=490/515 nm.
    Hydroxyphenyl Fluorescein
  • HY-13619
    Efaproxiral
    		Modulator 99.94%
    Efaproxiral is a haemoglobin (Hb) synthetic allosteric modifier, decreases Hb-oxygen (O2) binding affinity and enhances oxygenation of hypoxic tumours during radiation therapy .
    Efaproxiral
  • HY-130574
    MnTE-2-PyP chloride
    MnTE-2-PyP (BMX-010) chloride is a ROS scavenger and potent radioprotector. MnTE-2-PyP also is a manganese porphyrin, protects normal prostate tissue from radiation damage. MnTE-2-PyP can be used for the research of diabetic prostate cancer.
    MnTE-2-PyP chloride
  • HY-128463
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone is a nitrone-based free radical scavenger that forms nitroxide spin adducts. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone inhibits COX2 catalytic activity. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone has potent ROS scavenging, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-aging and anti-diabetic activities, and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone
  • HY-N8572
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone
    		Inhibitor 98.55%
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is a lipophilic flavone, can be isolated from the leaves of Primula veris. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone can reduce the synthesis and accumulation of PARP and protect cortical neurones against cell death induced by Parthanatos. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is also an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist in human breast cancer cells. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone can promote the proliferation of human hematopoietic stem cells. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone has various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, hypolipidaemic, and neuroprotective or neurotrophic effects.
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone
  • HY-119977
    APF
    		≥99.0%
    APF is a fluorescence probe that can selectively, and dose dependently detect certain species among ROS and that are highly resistant to autoxidation. APF can be used in enzymatic and cellular systems.
    APF
  • HY-119576
    Phox-I2
    		Inhibitor 99.52%
    Phox-I2 is a selective inhibitor of p67phox-Rac1 interaction, binds to p67phox with high affinity with a Kd of ~150 nM. Phox-I2 is a NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) inhibitor and inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
    Phox-I2
  • HY-B1978
    Iprodione
    		Activator 98.82%
    Iprodione is an orally active diformimide fungicide. Iprodione can specifically cause oxidative damage by producing free radicals (ROS). Iprodione is also an antiandrogen agent that delays adolescent development in rats and reduces sexual behavior and reproductive ability in rats.
    Iprodione
  • HY-113149A
    Argininosuccinic acid disodium
    Argininosuccinic acid disodium participates in the fourth step of the urea cycle and is cleaved into arginine and fumarate by argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). Argininosuccinic acid disodium reduces reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations and increases reactive oxygen species production in the cerebral cortex and striatum. Argininosuccinic acid disodium causes lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation and also induces oxidative stress in the developing rat brain.
    Argininosuccinic acid disodium
  • HY-118159
    Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine
    		99.68%
    Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) is a fluoregenic peroxide reactive probe. Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine exhibits a unique phototriggered aggregation-induced emission (AIE)/aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) transition with a remarkable third-order nonlinear optical signal change.
    Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine
  • HY-116364B
    AZT triphosphate tetraammonium
    		Activator 99.45%
    AZT triphosphate (3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate) tetraammonium is an active triphosphate metabolite of Zidovudine (AZT). AZT triphosphate tetraammonium exhibits antiretroviral activity and inhibits replication of HIV. AZT triphosphate tetraammonium also inhibits the DNA polymerase of HBV. AZT triphosphate tetraammonium activates the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway.
    AZT triphosphate tetraammonium
  • HY-N0872
    Isosteviol
    		≥98.0%
    Isosteviol ((-)-Isosteviol) is a derivative of Stevioside through acid catalyzed hydrolysis of Stevioside. Isosteviol inhibits DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase and has antibacterial, anticancer and anti-tuberculosis effects.
    Isosteviol
  • HY-W021267
    3-Demethylcolchicine
    		Inhibitor 99.03%
    3-Demethylcolchicine, a colchicine metabolite, possesses a hydroxy-group on its carbon ring that could participate in radical scavenging and markedly inhibits the carrageenin edema.
    3-Demethylcolchicine
  • HY-W082785A
    L6H21
    		Inhibitor 99.46%
    L6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low KD value of 33.3?μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research.
    L6H21
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity