2. NF-κB
  3. Keap1-Nrf2
  4. Safranal

Safranal is an orally active main component of Saffron (Crocus sativus) and is responsible for the unique aroma of this spice. Safranal has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for Parkinson’s disease research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Safranal Chemical Structure

Safranal Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 116-26-7

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Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Safranal Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Safranal purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Mar 5.

    Safranal (Saf; 20 μM; 1, 3, 5 days) inhibits RANKL-induced overproduction of osteoclast-related osteo-resorptive proteins (V-ATPase-d2 and CTSK) in BMMs.

    Safranal purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Mar 5.

    Safranal (Saf; 5, 10, 20 μM; 6 days) inhibits RANKL-induced overproduction of osteoclast-related mRNAs (Acp5, CTSK, Atp6v0d2, c-Fos) in BMMs.

    Safranal purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Mar 5.

    Safranal (Saf; 5, 10, 20 μM; 6 days) suppresses RANKL-increased numbers of TRAcP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts in a concentration-dependent manner, in BMMs.

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Safranal is an orally active main component of Saffron (Crocus sativus) and is responsible for the unique aroma of this spice. Safranal has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for Parkinson’s disease research[1].

    In Vitro

    Safranal (10-50 μM; for 1 h) dose-dependently decreases LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 levels in both RAW264.7 cells and BMDMs[1].
    Safranal (10-50 μM; for 1 h) inhibits cytokine IL-6 and TNF-α production and mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells[1].
    Safranal (10, 50 μM; for 1 h followed by stimulation with 1 μg/ml of LPS for 30 min) inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and AP-1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Safranal Related Antibodies

    Western Blot Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs)
    Concentration: 10, 50 μM
    Incubation Time: For 1 h prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (1 µg/ml)
    Result: Dose-dependently decreased LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 levels in both RAW264.7 cells and BMDMs.
    Inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway proteins extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38.
    Inhibited NF-κB pathway proteins IKKα/β and IκBα and the degradation of IκBα.

    RT-PCR[1]

    Cell Line: RAW 264.7 cells
    Concentration: 10, 50 μM
    Incubation Time: For 1 h followed by stimulation with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 24 h
    Result: Inhibited cytokine IL-6 and TNF-α production and mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
    In Vivo

    Safranal (200-500 mg/kg; PO; for 7 days) causes a slight restoration of colon length and percentage of weight loss, and the DAI score is significantly low[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Female BALB/c mice (18-20 g) (DSS-induced colitis mice)[1]
    Dosage: 200, 500 mg/kg
    Administration: PO; for 7 days
    Result: Caused a slight restoration of colon length and percentage of weight loss, and the DAI score is significantly low.
    Molecular Weight

    150.22

    Formula

    C10H14O
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Liquid (Density: 0.966 g/cm3)

    Color

    Light yellow to yellow

    SMILES

    O=CC1=C(C)C=CCC1(C)C
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    -20°C, stored under nitrogen

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (665.69 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Ethanol : 100 mg/mL (665.69 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 6.6569 mL 33.2845 mL 66.5690 mL
    5 mM 1.3314 mL 6.6569 mL 13.3138 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

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    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.64 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (16.64 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 98.04%

    COA (251 KB) HNMR (231 KB) LCMS (89 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / Ethanol 1 mM 6.6569 mL 33.2845 mL 66.5690 mL 166.4226 mL
    5 mM 1.3314 mL 6.6569 mL 13.3138 mL 33.2845 mL
    10 mM 0.6657 mL 3.3285 mL 6.6569 mL 16.6423 mL
    15 mM 0.4438 mL 2.2190 mL 4.4379 mL 11.0948 mL
    20 mM 0.3328 mL 1.6642 mL 3.3285 mL 8.3211 mL
    25 mM 0.2663 mL 1.3314 mL 2.6628 mL 6.6569 mL
    30 mM 0.2219 mL 1.1095 mL 2.2190 mL 5.5474 mL
    40 mM 0.1664 mL 0.8321 mL 1.6642 mL 4.1606 mL
    50 mM 0.1331 mL 0.6657 mL 1.3314 mL 3.3285 mL
    60 mM 0.1109 mL 0.5547 mL 1.1095 mL 2.7737 mL
    80 mM 0.0832 mL 0.4161 mL 0.8321 mL 2.0803 mL
    100 mM 0.0666 mL 0.3328 mL 0.6657 mL 1.6642 mL
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    Safranal Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Safranal116-26-7Keap1-Nrf2orallySaffronneuroprotectiveanti-inflammatoryParkinson’sdiseaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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