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KIN1400 is a potent IRF3 activator. KIN1400 triggers IRF3-dependent innate immune antiviral genes (RIG-I, MDA5, IFIT1, and Mx1) and IFN-β expression. KIN1400 inhibits WNV and DV, two mosquito-borne members of the Flaviviridae and the genus Flavivirus. KIN1400 also inhibits HCV replication. KIN1400 induces innate antiviral immunity through a MAVS-IRF3 axis .
KIN101 is a potent RNA viral inhibitor with IC50s of 2 μM, >5 μM for influenza virus and Dengue virus (DNV), respectively. KIN101, an isoflavone agonist of IRF-3 dependent signaling, induces IRF-3 nuclear translocation. KIN101 has broad-spectrum activity against RNA viruses .
STING-IN-7 (compound 21) is a potent STING inhibitor with an IC50 of 11.5 nM. STING-IN-7 inhibits the phosphorylation of STING and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) .
ISD (interferon stimulatory DNA) sodium is a non-CpG oligomer from the Listeria monocytogenes genome. When transfected into cells, ISD sodium strongly enhances the expression of IFN-β. This ISD-induced response is mediated by the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling axis .
Malachite green hemioxalate (MCCK1) is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antibacterial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, insertion into DNA and/or interaction with cell membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo [3].
IRF3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for IRF3 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
Anti-inflammatory agent 65 (compound 29) is a Hederagonic acid derivative with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Anti-inflammatory agent 65 inhibits nitric oxide (NO) release. Anti-inflammatory agent 65 inhibits the nuclear translocation of IRF3 and p65, and disrupts the STING/IRF3/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby attenuating the inflammatory response .
Catalpalactone has anti-inflammatory effect. Catalpalactone inhibits LPS-induced NO production and iNOS expression in RAW264.7 cells, and also inhibits IRF3, NF-κB, and IFN-β/STAT-1 activation. Catalpalactone also inhibits dopamine biosynthesis by reducing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic-l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activities .
STING modulator-3 is a STING inhibitor. STING modulator-3 inhibits R232 STING with an Ki value of 43.1 nM in scintillation proximity assay. STING modulator-3 has no effect on IRF-3 activation or TNF-β induction in THP-1 cells .
Malachite green hemioxalate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malachite green hemioxalate (HY-D0162). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malachite green hemioxalate is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antimicrobial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, intercalation into DNA, and/or interaction with cellular membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
STING modulator-4 (compound AIH05) is a competitive STING modulator with a Ki of 0.0933 μM for R232H STING. STING modulator-4 has an EC50 of >10 μM for p-IRF3 in THP-1 cell .
Berkeleyacetal C, a meroterpenoid compound, shows favorable activity of inhibiting nitrogen oxide (NO) production of macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Berkeleyacetal C exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibiting NF-κB, ERK1/2 and IRF3 signaling pathways .
HSV-60mer sodium is a 60 bp double-stranded oligonucleotide containing viral DNA motifs that derive from the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) genome . Transfected HSV-60 has been shown to potently induce IFN-β in a Toll-like receptor (TLR)-, DNA-dependent activator of IRFs (DAI)-, and RNA polymerase III (Pol III)-independent, but STING-, TBK1- and IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)-dependent manner.
GSK-690693 is an ATP-competitive pan-Akt inhibitor with IC50s of 2 nM, 13 nM, 9 nM for Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3, respectively. GSK-690693 is also an AMPK inhibitor, affects Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) activity and robustly inhibits STING-dependent IRF3 activation [3].
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [3] .
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [3] .
Cyclo(Phe-Pro) (Cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl)) is a quorum-sensing molecule of Vibrio vulnificus that specifically interacts with RIG-I, inhibiting RIG-I polyubiquitination, suppressing IRF-3 activation, and reducing type I interferon production. Cyclo(Phe-Pro) enhances susceptibility to HCV and influenza virus and also alleviates plant aluminum toxicity stress. The mechanism of Cyclo(Phe-Pro) involves the regulation of host immune signaling pathways, bacterial virulence gene expression, and plant antioxidant systems, making it a promising candidate for research in viral infections, bacterial virulence regulation, and agricultural stress resistance [3].
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [3] .
STING agonist-28 (CF510) is a non-nucleotide small-molecule STING agonist. STING agonist-23 activates STING, increases phosphorylation of STING, TBK1 and IRF3. STING agonist-23 promotes the levels of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. STING agonist-23 exhibits activity against SARS-CoV series strains .
STING agonist-24 (CF504) is a non-nucleotide small-molecule STING agonist. STING agonist-23 activates STING, increases phosphorylation of STING, TBK1 and IRF3. STING agonist-23 promotes the levels of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. STING agonist-23 exhibits activity against SARS-CoV series strains .
STING agonist-26 (CF508) is a non-nucleotide small-molecule STING agonist. STING agonist-23 activates STING, increases phosphorylation of STING, TBK1 and IRF3. STING agonist-23 promotes the levels of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. STING agonist-23 exhibits activity against SARS-CoV series strains .
STING agonist-23 (CF502) is a non-nucleotide small-molecule STING agonist. STING agonist-23 activates STING, increases phosphorylation of STING, TBK1 and IRF3. STING agonist-23 promotes the levels of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. STING agonist-23 exhibits activity against SARS-CoV series strains .
STING agonist-25 (CF505) is a non-nucleotide small-molecule STING agonist. STING agonist-23 activates STING, increases phosphorylation of STING, TBK1 and IRF3. STING agonist-23 promotes the levels of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. STING agonist-23 exhibits activity against SARS-CoV series strains .
Cyclic GMP TBAOH is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP TBAOH can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. Cyclic GMP TBAOH may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of Cyclic GMP TBAOH, 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and Cyclic GMP TBAOH can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases [3] .
Cyclic GMP (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cyclic GMP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cyclic GMP is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. Cyclic GMP may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of Cyclic GMP, 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and Cyclic GMP can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases.
Cyclic GMP (cGAMP) sodium is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP sodium can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. Cyclic GMP sodium may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of Cyclic GMP sodium, 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and Cyclic GMP sodium can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases [3] .
Cyclic GMP (cGAMP) is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. cGMP may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of cyclic GMP (cGMP), 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and cyclic GMP can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases [3] .
ChX710 could prime the type I interferon response to cytosolic DNA, which induces the ISRE promoter sequence, specific cellular Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs), and the phosphorylation of Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF) 3.
TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 is a 6-aminopyrazolopyrimidine derivative and a potent, selective TBK1 and IKKε inhibitor with IC50 values of 13 nM and 59 nM, respectively. TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 shows 100- to 1000-fold less activity against other protein kinases including PDK1, PI3K family members and mTOR .
SU0268 is a potent and specific inhibitor of 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). SU0268 regulates inflammatory responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection [3].
Malachite green hemioxalate (MCCK1) is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antibacterial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, insertion into DNA and/or interaction with cell membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo [3].
Malachite green hemioxalate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malachite green hemioxalate (HY-D0162). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malachite green hemioxalate is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antimicrobial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, intercalation into DNA, and/or interaction with cellular membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
Cyclo(Phe-Pro) (Cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl)) is a quorum-sensing molecule of Vibrio vulnificus that specifically interacts with RIG-I, inhibiting RIG-I polyubiquitination, suppressing IRF-3 activation, and reducing type I interferon production. Cyclo(Phe-Pro) enhances susceptibility to HCV and influenza virus and also alleviates plant aluminum toxicity stress. The mechanism of Cyclo(Phe-Pro) involves the regulation of host immune signaling pathways, bacterial virulence gene expression, and plant antioxidant systems, making it a promising candidate for research in viral infections, bacterial virulence regulation, and agricultural stress resistance [3].
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [3] .
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [3] .
Cyclic GMP (cGAMP) sodium is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP sodium can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. Cyclic GMP sodium may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of Cyclic GMP sodium, 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and Cyclic GMP sodium can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases [3] .
Cyclic GMP (cGAMP) is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. cGMP may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of cyclic GMP (cGMP), 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and cyclic GMP can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases [3] .
Catalpalactone has anti-inflammatory effect. Catalpalactone inhibits LPS-induced NO production and iNOS expression in RAW264.7 cells, and also inhibits IRF3, NF-κB, and IFN-β/STAT-1 activation. Catalpalactone also inhibits dopamine biosynthesis by reducing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic-l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activities .
Berkeleyacetal C, a meroterpenoid compound, shows favorable activity of inhibiting nitrogen oxide (NO) production of macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Berkeleyacetal C exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibiting NF-κB, ERK1/2 and IRF3 signaling pathways .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [3] .
Cyclic GMP (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cyclic GMP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cyclic GMP is an endogenous second messenger that triggers interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. Cyclic GMP can activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), activating the signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators. Cyclic-GMP-AMP, a conjugate of cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses. Cyclic GMP may also activate PDE to degrade cAMP, inhibit myocardial calcium current ICa, and regulate myocardial contractility. The derivative of Cyclic GMP, 8-Br-cGMP, has antiplatelet activity, and Cyclic GMP can be used in the study of antiviral immunity and cardiovascular diseases.
The IRF3 protein is an important transcriptional regulator that coordinates type I interferon-dependent immune responses against DNA and RNA viruses. In uninfected cells, it remains inactive, but viral infection triggers phosphorylation of IKBKE and TBK1 kinases, leading to conformational changes. IRF3 Protein, Mouse (P.pastoris, Myc, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived IRF3 protein, expressed by P. pastoris , with C-Myc, N-10*His labeled tag. The total length of IRF3 Protein, Mouse (P.pastoris, Myc, His) is 419 a.a., with molecular weight of ~50.9 kDa.
The TMEM173 protein acts as a promoter of innate immune signaling, acting as a sensor of bacterial and viral cytoplasmic DNA, ultimately promoting the production of type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β). This innate immune response is triggered in response to the delivery of non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria into the cytoplasm. TMEM173 Protein, Human (Sumo-His) is the recombinant human-derived TMEM173 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-SUMO, N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TMEM173 Protein, Human (Sumo-His) is 187 a.a., with molecular weight of 35-38 kDa.
The TMEM173 protein acts as a promoter of innate immune signaling, acting as a sensor of bacterial and viral cytoplasmic DNA, ultimately promoting the production of type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β). This innate immune response is triggered in response to the delivery of non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria into the cytoplasm. TMEM173 Protein, Human (N-Sumo-His) is the recombinant human-derived TMEM173 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-SUMO, N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TMEM173 Protein, Human (N-Sumo-His) is 187 a.a., with molecular weight of ~35.19 kDa.
IRF3 Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 47 kDa, targeting to IRF3. It can be used for WB,ICC/IF,IHC-P,FC assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.
Phospho-IRF3 (Ser386) Antibody is an unconjugated, approximately 47 kDa, rabbit-derived, anti-IRF3 (Ser386) polyclonal antibody. Phospho-IRF3 (Ser386) Antibody can be used for: WB, ICC/IF expriments in human background without labeling.
ISD (interferon stimulatory DNA) sodium is a non-CpG oligomer from the Listeria monocytogenes genome. When transfected into cells, ISD sodium strongly enhances the expression of IFN-β. This ISD-induced response is mediated by the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling axis .
IRF3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for IRF3 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
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