2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease NF-κB JAK/STAT Signaling Epigenetics Stem Cell/Wnt Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK
  3. MMP NF-κB JAK Keap1-Nrf2
  4. Swertiamarin

Swertiamarin is an orally active natural product with hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, anti-rheumatic, and antioxidant activities. Swertiamarin can regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMP, and NF-κB, and promote osteoblast proliferation. Swertiamarin has antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride induced rat liver toxicity through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Swertiamarin can attenuate inflammatory mediators by regulating JAK2/STAT3 transcription factors in adjuvant induced arthritis rats. Swertiamarin can be used in the research of diabetes and arthritis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Swertiamarin Chemical Structure

Swertiamarin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 17388-39-5

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 55 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 55 In-stock
Solid
5 mg USD 50 In-stock
10 mg USD 80 In-stock
25 mg USD 140 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Swertiamarin:

Swertiamarin Related Antibodies

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MMP-1 MMP-2 MMP-3 MMP-8 MMP-9 MMP-13 MMP-14 MMP-17 ADAM10 ADAM17 MMP-7 MMP-12 MMP-10 MMP ADAM8

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  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Swertiamarin is an orally active natural product with hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, anti-rheumatic, and antioxidant activities. Swertiamarin can regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMP, and NF-κB, and promote osteoblast proliferation. Swertiamarin has antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride induced rat liver toxicity through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Swertiamarin can attenuate inflammatory mediators by regulating JAK2/STAT3 transcription factors in adjuvant induced arthritis rats. Swertiamarin can be used in the research of diabetes and arthritis[1][2][3][4][5].
In Vitro

Swertiamarin (10-50 μg/mL, 48 h) can regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMP, and NF-κB and promote the proliferation of osteoblasts[3].
Swertiamarin promotes 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation through its active metabolite gentianine, and induces PPAR-g, GLUT-4 and adiponectin mRNA expression, thus having anti diabetes activity[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Swertiamarin Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[3].

Cell Line: Calvarial osteoblast cells
Concentration: 10-50 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 48 h
Result: Improved cell proliferation and ALP levels of osteoblasts.
In Vivo

Swertiamarin (50, 75 mg/kg; once daily; 7 days; p.o.) has a lipid-lowering effect in hypercholesterolemic rats[1].
Swertiamarin (100, 200 mg/kg; once daily; 8 weeks; i.g.) has antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects on carbon tetrachloride induced rat hepatotoxicity through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[2].
Swertiamarin (2, 5, 10 mg/kg; once daily; 2 weeks; p.o.) prevents bone erosion in arthritis rats by regulating RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling transduction[3].
Swertiamarin (2, 5, 10 mg/kg; once daily; 2 weeks; p.o.) attenuates inflammatory mediators by regulating NF - κ B/I, κ B, and JAK2/STAT3 transcription factors in adjuvant induced arthritis rats[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with hypercholesterolemia induced by supplementing a diet rich in cholesterol[1].
Dosage: 50, 75 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage (p.o.); once daily; 7 days
Result: Reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride concentration and atherosclerosis index.
Animal Model: Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model of liver injury induced by CCl4[2].
Dosage: 100, 200 mg/kg
Administration: i.g. ; once daily; 8 weeks
Result: Reduced the levels of serum marker enzymes ALT, AST, and ALP representing liver damage, and restored antioxidant enzyme activity and GSH content in rat liver.
Animal Model: Induced arthritis rat model by intradermal injection of 0.1ml Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in 1ml paraffin oil into the right hind paw of rats[3][4].
Dosage: 2, 5, 10 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage (p.o.); once daily; 2 weeks
Result: Reduced calcium and TRAP, ACP, and ALP levels in serum and urine of arthritis rats, and increased phosphorus and collagen levels[3]. Inhibited paw thickness, lysosomal enzyme levels, and increased body weight in rats[4].
Molecular Weight

374.34

Formula

C16H22O10
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

C=C[C@@H]([C@@H]1O[C@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)O)([H])O[C@@H]2CO)[C@@](C3=CO1)(CCOC3=O)O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 250 mg/mL (667.84 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.6714 mL 13.3568 mL 26.7137 mL
5 mM 0.5343 mL 2.6714 mL 5.3427 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (5.80 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (5.80 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.6714 mL 13.3568 mL 26.7137 mL 66.7842 mL
5 mM 0.5343 mL 2.6714 mL 5.3427 mL 13.3568 mL
10 mM 0.2671 mL 1.3357 mL 2.6714 mL 6.6784 mL
15 mM 0.1781 mL 0.8905 mL 1.7809 mL 4.4523 mL
20 mM 0.1336 mL 0.6678 mL 1.3357 mL 3.3392 mL
25 mM 0.1069 mL 0.5343 mL 1.0685 mL 2.6714 mL
30 mM 0.0890 mL 0.4452 mL 0.8905 mL 2.2261 mL
40 mM 0.0668 mL 0.3339 mL 0.6678 mL 1.6696 mL
50 mM 0.0534 mL 0.2671 mL 0.5343 mL 1.3357 mL
60 mM 0.0445 mL 0.2226 mL 0.4452 mL 1.1131 mL
80 mM 0.0334 mL 0.1670 mL 0.3339 mL 0.8348 mL
100 mM 0.0267 mL 0.1336 mL 0.2671 mL 0.6678 mL
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Swertiamarin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Swertiamarin17388-39-5MMPNF-κBJAKKeap1-Nrf2Matrix metalloproteinasesNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBJanus kinaseorally activediabetesarthritisblood glucoseblood lipidInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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