2. Neuronal Signaling Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Imidazoline Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Allantoin

Allantoin  (Synonyms: 5-Ureidohydantoin)

Cat. No.: HY-N0543 Purity: 99.75%
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Allantoin is a skin conditioning agent that promotes healthy skin, stimulates new and healthy tissue growth.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Allantoin Chemical Structure

Allantoin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 97-59-6

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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Allantoin:

Allantoin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Allantoin is a skin conditioning agent that promotes healthy skin, stimulates new and healthy tissue growth.

IC50 & Target

Microbial Metabolite

 

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Allantoin is a well-known cosmetic ingredient reported to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities[1]. Allantoin attenuates apoptosis and cytotoxicity and increased the viability of STZ-induced β-cells in a dose-dependent manner. Allantoin decreases the level of caspase-3 and increases the level of phosphorylated B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression. Allantoin has been demonstrated to activate imidazoline 3 (I3) receptors[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Allantoin Related Antibodies
In Vivo

The subchronic administration of allantoin (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, for 7 days) significantly increases the latency time measured during the passive avoidance task in scopolamine-induced cholinergic blockade and normal naive mice. Allantoin treatment (3 or 10 mg/kg, for 7 days) also increases the expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Allantoin significantly increases the neuronal cell proliferation of immature neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus region[1]. Daily injection of allantoin for 8 days in STZ-treated rats significantly lowers plasma glucose and increases plasma insulin levels [2]. Allantoin decreases blood pressures in SHRs at 30 minutes, as the most effective time. Also, this antihypertensive action is shown in a dose-dependent manner from SHRs treated with allantoin. Moreover, in anesthetized rats, allantoin inhibits cardiac contractility and heart rate. Also, the peripheral blood flow is markedly increased by allantoin[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

158.12

Formula

C4H6N4O3
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(N)NC(C(N1)=O)NC1=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (316.22 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 3.85 mg/mL (24.35 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 6.3243 mL 31.6216 mL 63.2431 mL
5 mM 1.2649 mL 6.3243 mL 12.6486 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (15.81 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (15.81 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 2 mg/mL (12.65 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  Corn Oil

    Solubility: 6.25 mg/mL (39.53 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References
Cell Assay
[2]

Pancreatic β-cells are treated with 1, 10, 100 μM of allantoin before 30 min prior to the addition of 5 mM STZ and incubated for 6 h. Cell viability is measured using the ApoTox-Glo triplex assay[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[1][3]

Rats: Animals are randomly assigned into four groups: (I) the control group treated with the vehicle, saline; (II) the allantoin group treated by intravenous injection of allantoin at 0.5 mg/kg; (III) the allantoin+efaroxan group treated with allantoin at the most effective dose (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) and efaroxan at effective dose (1.5 mg/kg, i.v.) 30 minutes before injection of allantoin; and (IV) the allantoin treated SHRs group treated by intravenous injection of allantoin at various dose for desired time. After treatment of allantoin, the rats are placed into a holder for the determination of the mean blood pressure[3].

Mice: For memory ameliorating study, mice are administered vehicle solution, allantoin (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) or donepezil (5 mg/kg, p.o.) at the same time (10:00-12:00 a.m) and same place for 7 days. For memory enhancing study, mice are administered vehicle solution, allantoin (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) or piracetam (200 mg/kg, i.p.). The final administration of allantoin, donepezil or piracetam is performed 1 h before an acquisition trial in the passive avoidance task[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 6.3243 mL 31.6216 mL 63.2431 mL 158.1078 mL
5 mM 1.2649 mL 6.3243 mL 12.6486 mL 31.6216 mL
10 mM 0.6324 mL 3.1622 mL 6.3243 mL 15.8108 mL
15 mM 0.4216 mL 2.1081 mL 4.2162 mL 10.5405 mL
20 mM 0.3162 mL 1.5811 mL 3.1622 mL 7.9054 mL
DMSO 25 mM 0.2530 mL 1.2649 mL 2.5297 mL 6.3243 mL
30 mM 0.2108 mL 1.0541 mL 2.1081 mL 5.2703 mL
40 mM 0.1581 mL 0.7905 mL 1.5811 mL 3.9527 mL
50 mM 0.1265 mL 0.6324 mL 1.2649 mL 3.1622 mL
60 mM 0.1054 mL 0.5270 mL 1.0541 mL 2.6351 mL
80 mM 0.0791 mL 0.3953 mL 0.7905 mL 1.9763 mL
100 mM 0.0632 mL 0.3162 mL 0.6324 mL 1.5811 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Allantoin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Allantoin97-59-65-UreidohydantoinImidazoline ReceptorEndogenous MetaboliteInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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