Glycyrrhizic acid (Synonyms: Glycyrrhizin)

Name: Glycyrrhizic acid
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-N0184
Rating: 5.0 (27 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-N0184 Purity: 99.84%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

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Glycyrrhizic acid is a triterpenoid saponinl, acting as a direct HMGB1 antagonist, with anti-tumor, anti-diabetic activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Glycyrrhizic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1405-86-3

Size	Stock	Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
50 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
100 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
500 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Glycyrrhizic acid:

26 Publications Citing Use of MCE Glycyrrhizic acid

: Glycyrrhizic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Prolif. 2020 Jun;53(6):e12829. [Abstract]; Protein levels of pro-caspase-1 + p10 + p12, GADMD, IL-1β, IL-18 and NLRP3 are detected by Western blotting. Glycyrrhizin inhibits pyroptosis in TNF-α-induced M1 macrophages.

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Description

Glycyrrhizic acid is a triterpenoid saponinl, acting as a direct HMGB1 antagonist, with anti-tumor, anti-diabetic activities.

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
ECV-304	IC₅₀	> 119 μM Compound: Glycyrrhizinic acid	Cytotoxicity against human ECV304 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human ECV304 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24084294]
ECV-304	IC₅₀	> 238 μM Compound: Glycyrrhizinic acid	Membrane toxicity against human ECV304 cells after 2 hrs by LDH release assay Membrane toxicity against human ECV304 cells after 2 hrs by LDH release assay	[PMID: 24084294]
HEK293	IC₅₀	0.015 μM Compound: glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of mouse liver microsome 11betaHSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of mouse liver microsome 11betaHSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 19574056]
HEK293	IC₅₀	0.4 nM Compound: glycyrrhizinic acid	Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 22360639]
HEK293	IC₅₀	0.7 nM Compound: glycyrrhizinic acid	Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD2 expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD2 expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 22148241]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1 nM Compound: Glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as [3H]cortisol production after 60 mins by SPA Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as [3H]cortisol production after 60 mins by SPA	[PMID: 22440625]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1 nM Compound: glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of human microsomal 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of human microsomal 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 19564108]
HEK293	EC₅₀	10 nM Compound: Glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as [3H]cortisol production after 60 mins by SPA Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as [3H]cortisol production after 60 mins by SPA	[PMID: 22440625]
HEK293	IC₅₀	10 nM Compound: glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of human microsomal 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of human microsomal 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 19564108]
HEK293	IC₅₀	18.6 nM Compound: glycyrrhizinic acid	Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD1 expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD1 expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 22148241]
HEK293	IC₅₀	29.5 nM Compound: glycyrrhizinic acid	Inhibition of mouse 11beta-HSD1 expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of mouse 11beta-HSD1 expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 22148241]
HEK293	IC₅₀	3 nM Compound: glycyrrhizinic acid	Inhibition of mouse 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of mouse 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 22360639]
HEK293	IC₅₀	6 nM Compound: glycyrrhizinic acid	Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of human 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone into [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 22360639]
HEK293	EC₅₀	8 nM Compound: Glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of mouse 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as [3H]cortisol production after 60 mins by SPA Inhibition of mouse 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as [3H]cortisol production after 60 mins by SPA	[PMID: 22440625]
HEK293	IC₅₀	8 nM Compound: glycyrrhizic acid	Inhibition of mouse microsomal 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay Inhibition of mouse microsomal 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as conversion of [3H]cortisone to [3H]cortisol by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 19564108]
Hepatocyte	IC₅₀	> 200 μM Compound: glycyrrizhin	Hepatoprotective activity against D-galactosamine/TNFalpha-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes treated for 30 mins before TNFalpha challenge measured after 18 hrs by MTT assay Hepatoprotective activity against D-galactosamine/TNFalpha-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes treated for 30 mins before TNFalpha challenge measured after 18 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 11277757]
Hepatocyte	IC₅₀	82.4 μM Compound: glycyrrhizin	Hepatoprotective activity in mouse hepatocytes assessed inhibition of D-galactosamine/TNFalpha-induced cell death dosed administered before 30 mins of TNFalpha challenge measured after 18 hrs Hepatoprotective activity in mouse hepatocytes assessed inhibition of D-galactosamine/TNFalpha-induced cell death dosed administered before 30 mins of TNFalpha challenge measured after 18 hrs	[PMID: 11325227]
MDCK	EC₅₀	15.2 μM Compound: 15	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25801933]
MDCK	EC₅₀	364.6 μM Compound: 1, GL	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25801933]
MDCK	IC₅₀	39.6 μM Compound: 112	Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus A/WSN/33(H1N1) infected in dog MDCK cells preincubated with virus for 15 mins followed by cells addition measured at 36 hrs post infection Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus A/WSN/33(H1N1) infected in dog MDCK cells preincubated with virus for 15 mins followed by cells addition measured at 36 hrs post infection	[PMID: 26841168]
Raji	IC₅₀	381 μM Compound: 8	Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells after 48hrs by indirect immunofluorescence technique Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells after 48hrs by indirect immunofluorescence technique	[PMID: 19131254]
RAW264.7	ED₅₀	70 μM Compound: 1, GL	Inhibition of HMGB1 in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as LPS-induced TNFalpha release treated for 2 hrs prior to LPS-challenge measured after 16 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of HMGB1 in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as LPS-induced TNFalpha release treated for 2 hrs prior to LPS-challenge measured after 16 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 23199028]
Vero C1008	CC₅₀	> 100 μM Compound: 1; GL	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells assessed as reduction in survival rate measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells assessed as reduction in survival rate measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31519375]

In Vitro

Glycyrrhizic acid shows a series of anti-cancer-related pharmacological activities, such as broad-spectrum anti-cancer ability, resistance to the tissue toxicity caused by chemotherapy and radiation, drug absorption enhancing effects and anti-multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms, as a carrier material in drug delivery systems^[1].
In intestinal NCI-H716 cells that secretes GLP-1, Glycyrrhizic acid promotes GLP-1 secretion with a marked elevation of calcium levels. Glycyrrhizic acid can enhance GLP-1 secretion through TGR5 activation^[2].
Glycyrrhizic acid can form a stable transparent low-molecular-weight hydrogels (LMWHs) at 37°C in physiological phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with nanoclusters as the microstructures^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

In type 1-like diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ-treated rats), Glycyrrhizic acid increases the level of plasma GLP-1, which is blocked by triamterene at a dose sufficient to inhibit Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5)^[1].
Glycyrrhizic acid (Glycyrrhizic acid; 50 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreases the levels of TgAb, HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β in mice^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

822.93

Formula

C₄₂H₆₂O₁₆

CAS No.

1405-86-3

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C[C@]12[C@@](C(C=C3[C@]2(CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@](C(O)=O)(C)CC4)C)=O)([H])[C@@]5([C@@](C(C)([C@@H](O[C@]6([H])[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O6)O)O[C@]7([H])O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]7O)C(O)=O)CC5)C)([H])CC1)C

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (121.52 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	1.2152 mL	6.0759 mL	12.1517 mL
5 mM	0.2430 mL	1.2152 mL	2.4303 mL
10 mM	0.1215 mL	0.6076 mL	1.2152 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.04 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.04 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.04 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.84%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (283 KB) SDS (393 KB)

COA (256 KB) HNMR (329 KB) RP-HPLC (268 KB) LCMS (94 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Su X, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid: A promising carrier material for anticancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Sep 5;95:670-678 [Content Brief]

[2]. Wang LY, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid increases glucagon like peptide-1 secretion via TGR5 activation in type 1-like diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Sep 4;95:599-604. [Content Brief]

[3]. Li C, et al. Glycyrrhizin, a Direct HMGB1 Antagonist, Ameliorates Inflammatory Infiltration in a Model of Autoimmune Thyroiditis via Inhibition of TLR2-HMGB1 Signaling. Thyroid. 2017 May;27(5):722-731. [Content Brief]

[4]. Xia Zhao, et al. A Simple Injectable Moldable Hydrogel Assembled from Natural Glycyrrhizic Acid with Inherent Antibacterial Activity. ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2020, 3, 1, 648–653.

Animal Administration
^[3]

Mice^[3]
NOD.H-2^h4 mice are fed in the animal house until 4 weeks of age. A total of 24 male mice are then randomly separated into three different groups (n=8 per group). Mice in the control group are given sterile water without supplement. Mice in the iodine supplement (NaI) group are given 0.005% NaI in the drinking water. Mice in the NaI+Glycyrrhizic acid group are treated with 50 mg/kg Glycyrrhizic acid once daily for 4 weeks, administered via intraperitoneal injection after 8 weeks of iodine supplementation. Thyroid tissues are removed surgically under anesthesia, washed with cold saline, blotted on filter paper and weighed using an electronic balance. The thyroid gland tissues are then stored at -80°C until use^[3].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

[1]. Su X, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid: A promising carrier material for anticancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Sep 5;95:670-678 [Content Brief]

[2]. Wang LY, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid increases glucagon like peptide-1 secretion via TGR5 activation in type 1-like diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Sep 4;95:599-604. [Content Brief]

[3]. Li C, et al. Glycyrrhizin, a Direct HMGB1 Antagonist, Ameliorates Inflammatory Infiltration in a Model of Autoimmune Thyroiditis via Inhibition of TLR2-HMGB1 Signaling. Thyroid. 2017 May;27(5):722-731. [Content Brief]

[4]. Xia Zhao, et al. A Simple Injectable Moldable Hydrogel Assembled from Natural Glycyrrhizic Acid with Inherent Antibacterial Activity. ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2020, 3, 1, 648–653.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	1.2152 mL	6.0759 mL	12.1517 mL	30.3793 mL
	5 mM	0.2430 mL	1.2152 mL	2.4303 mL	6.0759 mL
	10 mM	0.1215 mL	0.6076 mL	1.2152 mL	3.0379 mL
	15 mM	0.0810 mL	0.4051 mL	0.8101 mL	2.0253 mL
	20 mM	0.0608 mL	0.3038 mL	0.6076 mL	1.5190 mL
	25 mM	0.0486 mL	0.2430 mL	0.4861 mL	1.2152 mL
	30 mM	0.0405 mL	0.2025 mL	0.4051 mL	1.0126 mL
	40 mM	0.0304 mL	0.1519 mL	0.3038 mL	0.7595 mL
	50 mM	0.0243 mL	0.1215 mL	0.2430 mL	0.6076 mL
	60 mM	0.0203 mL	0.1013 mL	0.2025 mL	0.5063 mL
	80 mM	0.0152 mL	0.0759 mL	0.1519 mL	0.3797 mL
	100 mM	0.0122 mL	0.0608 mL	0.1215 mL	0.3038 mL

Glycyrrhizic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Glycyrrhizic acid1405-86-3GlycyrrhizinVirus ProteaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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Glycyrrhizic acid (Synonyms: Glycyrrhizin)

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Other Forms of Glycyrrhizic acid:

Glycyrrhizic acid Related Antibodies

26 Publications Citing Use of MCE Glycyrrhizic acid

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Purity & Documentation

References

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Glycyrrhizic acid Related Antibodies

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Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Glycyrrhizic acid Related Classifications

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