Menadione (Synonyms: Vitamin K3)

Name: Menadione
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B0332
Rating: 5.0 (17 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-B0332 Purity: 99.53%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

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Menadione is a naphthoquinone that is converted into active vitamin K2 in the body. Menadione is a potential anticancer agent and radiosensitizer.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Menadione Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 58-27-5

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Menadione:

17 Publications Citing Use of MCE Menadione

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Biological Activity
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Description

Menadione is a naphthoquinone that is converted into active vitamin K2 in the body. Menadione is a potential anticancer agent and radiosensitizer^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A2058	IC₅₀	13.4 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human A2058 cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 5 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm Cytotoxicity against human A2058 cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 5 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm	[PMID: 19969400]
A2780	IC₅₀	2.6 μM Compound: 13	Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 2 days by alamar-blue assay Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 2 days by alamar-blue assay	[PMID: 19028102]
A549	IC₅₀	15.89 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
A549	IC₅₀	25.1 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
DU-145	IC₅₀	11 μM Compound: mnd	Antiproliferative activity against human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma DU145 cell line by colorimetric assay Antiproliferative activity against human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma DU145 cell line by colorimetric assay	[PMID: 16216500]
DU-145	IC₅₀	9.86 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23791367]
GES1	IC₅₀	16.85 μM Compound: VK3	Toxicity in human GES1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Toxicity in human GES1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: Menadione	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28410493]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: MD	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopic analysis Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopic analysis	[PMID: 26840368]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: Menadione	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy	[PMID: 24964246]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: menadione	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy	[PMID: 22845014]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	12.37 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HeLa	IC₅₀	18 μM Compound: 1d	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24913712]
HeLa	IC₅₀	24.7 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 6 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 6 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm	[PMID: 19969400]
HFF-1	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against HFF-1 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HFF-1 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34438124]
HGC-27	IC₅₀	9.7 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HGC-27 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HGC-27 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HL-60	IC₅₀	5.6 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
HL-60	IC₅₀	7.51 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HL-60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HL-60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HT-29	IC₅₀	13.6 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HT-29	IC₅₀	9.69 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23791367]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	5 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
LS174T	IC₅₀	26.6 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
MCF7	IC₅₀	9 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	12.68 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23791367]
MGC-803	IC₅₀	11.85 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human MGC-803 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human MGC-803 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
MIA PaCa-2	IC₅₀	6.2 μM Compound: mnd	Antiproliferative activity against human pancreatic carcinoma Mia PaCa2 cell line by colorimetric assay Antiproliferative activity against human pancreatic carcinoma Mia PaCa2 cell line by colorimetric assay	[PMID: 16216500]
MONO-MAC-6	IC₅₀	6.2 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human MONO-MAC-6 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human MONO-MAC-6 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
N2a	IC₅₀	2.688 μM Compound: Menadione	Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production in mouse Neuro2a cells assessed as decrease in H2O2 levels after 6 hrs by ROS-Glo luminescence assay Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production in mouse Neuro2a cells assessed as decrease in H2O2 levels after 6 hrs by ROS-Glo luminescence assay	[PMID: 28152427]
PBMC	IC₅₀	14.5 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human PBMC cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human PBMC cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
SAS	IC₅₀	14 μM Compound: 1d	Cytotoxicity against human SAS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SAS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24913712]
SW982	IC₅₀	9.3 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human SW982 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human SW982 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
THP-1	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
U-937	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
Vero	IC₅₀	6.5 μg/mL Compound: 21, menadione	Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 48 hrs by XTT method Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 48 hrs by XTT method	[PMID: 17888665]

In Vitro

Menadione (0-100 μM, 24-72 h) induces necrosis at high concentrations (100 μM) and apoptosis at low concentrations (10-20 μM) in AR4-2J cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Proliferation Assay^[2]

Cell Line:	AR4-2J cells
Concentration:	0-100 μM
Incubation Time:	24-72 h
Result:	Inhibited cell proliferation in time- and dose-dependently manner at lower concentrations (1-20 μM).

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:	AR4-2J cells
Concentration:	0-100 μM
Incubation Time:	24 h
Result:	Induced wild-type P53 at the dose of 1-20 μM. Induced a low level of wild-type P53 at the dose of 100 μM.

In Vivo

Menadione (25-150 mg/kg, i.v., once time or every other day for five times) produces more severe lesionsin male Wister rats with a single injection than five injections ^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Male Wister rats^[1]
Dosage:	25-150 mg/kg
Administration:	i.v., once time or every other day for five times
Result:	Showed microgranular degeneration of renal tubular cells at the dose of 25 mg/kg. Observed microgranular degeneration of renal tubular cells and mild pulmonary hemorrhage at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Produced lesions in the kidney, heart, liver and lung at the dose of 100-150 mg/kg. Showed kidney apoptosis at the dose of 100-150 mg/kg.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

172.18

Formula

C₁₁H₈O₂

CAS No.

58-27-5

Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to green yellow

SMILES

O=C1C(C)=CC(C2=C1C=CC=C2)=O

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Microorganisms

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (725.98 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : 9.09 mg/mL (52.79 mM; Need ultrasonic)

H₂O : 0.1 mg/mL (0.58 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	5.8079 mL	29.0394 mL	58.0788 mL
5 mM	1.1616 mL	5.8079 mL	11.6158 mL
10 mM	0.5808 mL	2.9039 mL	5.8079 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.08 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.08 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.08 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.53%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (280 KB) SDS (762 KB)

COA (252 KB) HNMR (273 KB) LCMS (264 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Chiou TJ, et al. Cardiac and renal toxicity of menadione in rat. Toxicology. 1997 Dec 31;124(3):193-202. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sata N, et al. Menadione induces both necrosis and apoptosis in rat pancreatic acinar AR4-2J cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;23(6):844-50. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

Ethanol / DMSO	1 mM	5.8079 mL	29.0394 mL	58.0788 mL	145.1969 mL
	5 mM	1.1616 mL	5.8079 mL	11.6158 mL	29.0394 mL
	10 mM	0.5808 mL	2.9039 mL	5.8079 mL	14.5197 mL
	15 mM	0.3872 mL	1.9360 mL	3.8719 mL	9.6798 mL
	20 mM	0.2904 mL	1.4520 mL	2.9039 mL	7.2598 mL
	25 mM	0.2323 mL	1.1616 mL	2.3232 mL	5.8079 mL
	30 mM	0.1936 mL	0.9680 mL	1.9360 mL	4.8399 mL
	40 mM	0.1452 mL	0.7260 mL	1.4520 mL	3.6299 mL
	50 mM	0.1162 mL	0.5808 mL	1.1616 mL	2.9039 mL
DMSO	60 mM	0.0968 mL	0.4840 mL	0.9680 mL	2.4199 mL
	80 mM	0.0726 mL	0.3630 mL	0.7260 mL	1.8150 mL
	100 mM	0.0581 mL	0.2904 mL	0.5808 mL	1.4520 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Menadione Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Menadione58-27-5Vitamin K3Vitamin K 3Vitamin K-3Endogenous MetaboliteNaphthoquinonevitamin K2anticancerradiosensitizerInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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Menadione (Synonyms: Vitamin K3)

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Other Forms of Menadione:

Menadione Related Antibodies

17 Publications Citing Use of MCE Menadione

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References

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Menadione Related Antibodies

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Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Menadione Related Classifications

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