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  5. Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate

Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate  (Synonyms: Levarterenol bitartrate monohydrate; L-Noradrenaline bitartrate monohydrate)

Cat. No.: HY-13715B Purity: 99.75%
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Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) bitartrate monohydrate is a potent adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist. Norepinephrine activates α1, α2, β1 receptors.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate Chemical Structure

Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 108341-18-0

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Based on 34 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate:

Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

32 Publications Citing Use of MCE Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate

IF
WB

    Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cardiovasc Res. 2018 Feb 1;114(2):300-311.  [Abstract]

    Knockdown of GATA4 ameliorated morphology and functional changes in a Meox1 cell line with NE stimulation. Immunodetection of actin in HL-1 cells. Actin staining appeared green, and sections are counterstained blue with DAPI (40,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole).

    Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nutr Biochem. 2018 May 1;58:110-118.  [Abstract]

    PASMCs are pretreated with or not Norepinephrine (50 μM) or ICI 118,551 (5 nM), and α-SMA (D) are analyzed.

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    α adrenergic receptor β adrenergic receptor

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) bitartrate monohydrate is a potent adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist. Norepinephrine activates α1, α2, β1 receptors[1][2][3][4].

    IC50 & Target[1][2]

    α1-adrenergic receptor

     

    α2-adrenergic receptor

     

    Beta-1 adrenergic receptor

     

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    HEK293 EC50
    6.3 μM
    Compound: NE
    Inhibition of the Norepinephrine transporter (NET, SLC6A2) as assessed by GPCR-mediated changes in cell morphology using the impedance-based transporter activity through receptor activation (TRACT) assay in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A2 cells
    Inhibition of the Norepinephrine transporter (NET, SLC6A2) as assessed by GPCR-mediated changes in cell morphology using the impedance-based transporter activity through receptor activation (TRACT) assay in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A2 cells
    		[PMID: 34112854]
    In Vitro

    Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) bitartrate monohydrate is generally considered to be a β1-subtype selective adrenergic agonist over β2-adrenoceptor. Norepinephrine(NE) bitartrate monohydrate also has direct activity at the β2-adrenoceptor in higher concentrations[2].
    Adipocytes from the inguinal fat pad (iWA) or the interscapular fat pad (BA) are isolated from neonatal wild-type C57BL/6J mice and cultured. To examine the effect of activating AT2 upon β-adrenergic signaling, cAMP production is first assessed in response to Norepinephrine (NE, 10 μM) with or without CGP (10 nM) co-treatment.
    Norepinephrine (NE) increases cAMP as expected in iWA, and CGP does not alter this effect
    Norepinephrine (NE) is also known to induce lipolysis, and liberated fatty acids are required to functionally activate UCP1 protein and to stimulate heat production. CREB phosphorylation at Ser133 is increased after Norepinephrine (NE) treatment and significantly attenuated with CGP co-treatment in mouse iWA[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Induction of cardiomyopathy[5][6]

    Background
    Norepinephrine is a potent growth factor for cardiomyocytes, and long-term infusion of sub-hypertensive doses of Norepinephrine in animals can cause an increase in myocardial mass and left ventricular wall thickness. Norepinephrine activates the raf-1 kinase/MAP kinase cascade through α1 and β-adrenergic stimulation, and the signaling pathways from these two receptors work synergistically to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
    Specific Mmodeling Methods
    Rat: Spragues-Dawley rats • adult (6 months old) • Male &bull.
    Administration: Each rat was continuously injected with 100 μg/kg/h (Norepinephrine; HY-13715) or 200 μg/kg/h (Norepinephrine; HY-13715) through an osmotic minipump.
    Note
    Modeling Record
    Molecular changes: Significantly increased Dnmt activity and the expressions of Dnmt1, 3a, and 3b in the left ventricle.
    Significantly increased the mRNA expressions of fetal genes ANP, BNP, and βMHC in the left ventricle.
    Significantly increased ROS production in the left ventricle and increased global genomic DNA methylation and gene-specific CpG methylation at the Egr-1 binding site of the left ventricular PKCε promoter region in a concentration-dependent manner.
    Increased lactate dehydrogenase release in a concentration-dependent manner.
    Significantly reduced the left ventricular developed pressure and dP/dtmax, inducing the upregulation of myotrophin and downregulation of four-and-a-half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2).
    Phenotype observations: Increased the myocardial infarction area and sustained the elevation of blood pressure.
    Induced cardiac hypertrophy and reduced cardiac contractility.
    Increased the left ventricular weight.
    Correlated Product(s): 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine (HY-A0004), Prazosin (HY-B0193), Propranolol (HY-B0573B)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    337.28

    Formula

    C12H19NO10
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    OC1=CC=C([C@@H](O)CN)C=C1O.O=C(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 50 mg/mL (148.24 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    DMSO : ≥ 30 mg/mL (88.95 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.9649 mL 14.8245 mL 29.6490 mL
    5 mM 0.5930 mL 2.9649 mL 5.9298 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.17 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.17 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 150 mg/mL (444.73 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.75%

    SDS (419 KB)

    COA (256 KB) HNMR (171 KB) LCMS (432 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [3]

    Subcutaneous preadipocytes derived from a 38-year old non-diabetic female donor are immortalized with TERT and HPV E6/E7. For the current studies, a stable diploid clone (referred to as clone B) with consistent differentiation capacity is isolated by ring cloning. Cells are grown in preadipocyte PGM2 media. Once cells are confluent, differentiation is induced by incubation in differentiation media consisting of dexamethasone, IBMX, indomethacin, and additional insulin. Cells are differentiated for 10 days. Prior to treatment, media is replaced with PGM2 media for one day and then switched to serum-free media overnight for treatments. Adipocytes are treated for 6 hours with vehicle, Norepinephrine (NE, 10 μM), CGP (10 nM), or Norepinephrine (NE) and CGP[3].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / H2O 1 mM 2.9649 mL 14.8245 mL 29.6490 mL 74.1224 mL
    5 mM 0.5930 mL 2.9649 mL 5.9298 mL 14.8245 mL
    10 mM 0.2965 mL 1.4824 mL 2.9649 mL 7.4122 mL
    15 mM 0.1977 mL 0.9883 mL 1.9766 mL 4.9415 mL
    20 mM 0.1482 mL 0.7412 mL 1.4824 mL 3.7061 mL
    25 mM 0.1186 mL 0.5930 mL 1.1860 mL 2.9649 mL
    30 mM 0.0988 mL 0.4941 mL 0.9883 mL 2.4707 mL
    40 mM 0.0741 mL 0.3706 mL 0.7412 mL 1.8531 mL
    50 mM 0.0593 mL 0.2965 mL 0.5930 mL 1.4824 mL
    60 mM 0.0494 mL 0.2471 mL 0.4941 mL 1.2354 mL
    80 mM 0.0371 mL 0.1853 mL 0.3706 mL 0.9265 mL
    H2O 100 mM 0.0296 mL 0.1482 mL 0.2965 mL 0.7412 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate Related Classifications

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Norepinephrine bitartrate108341-18-0Levarterenol bitartrateL-Noradrenaline bitartrateAdrenergic ReceptorAutophagyEndogenous MetaboliteBeta Receptoradrenergic receptorα1α2β1Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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