2. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling Anti-infection
  3. Adrenergic Receptor Bacterial
  4. Propranolol

Propranolol is a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist, has high affinity for the β1AR and β2AR with Ki values of 1.8 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively. Propranolol inhibits [3H]-DHA binding to rat brain membrane preparation with an IC50 of 12 nM. Propranolol is used for the study of hypertension, pheochromocytoma, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

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Propranolol Chemical Structure

Propranolol Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 525-66-6

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 23 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Propranolol:

Propranolol Related Antibodies

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α adrenergic receptor β adrenergic receptor

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Propranolol is a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist, has high affinity for the β1AR and β2AR with Ki values of 1.8 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively[1]. Propranolol inhibits [3H]-DHA binding to rat brain membrane preparation with an IC50 of 12 nM[2]. Propranolol is used for the study of hypertension, pheochromocytoma, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy[3].

IC50 & Target

β adrenergic receptor

 

In Vitro

Propranolol (10-7 M-10-3 M; 24 and 48 hours) increases the total ERK1/2 levels in a dose-dependent manner, and ERK1/2 activation is observed specifically at 10-5 M in HemSCs[4].
? Propranolol (10-9 M-10-3 M; 24 and 48 hours) significant decreases cell proliferation at 10-4 M propranolol after 24 hours and 10-9 M propranolol after 48 hours in HemSCs[4].
? Propranolol (50 μM-200 μM；24 hours) increases Annexin V positivity and caspase-3 activation, rapidly induces HemSC apoptosis[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Propranolol Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[4]

Cell Line: HemSC cells
Concentration: 10-7 M-10-3 M
Incubation Time: 24 and 48 hours
Result: Increased the total ERK1/2 levels in a dose-dependent manner.

Cell Proliferation Assay[4]

Cell Line: HemSC cells
Concentration: 10-9 M-10-3 M
Incubation Time: 24 and 48 hours
Result: Suppressed HemSC proliferation.

Apoptosis Analysis[4]

Cell Line: HemSC cells
Concentration: 50 μM, 100 μM, or 200 μM
Incubation Time: 24 hours
Result: Induced HemSC cell death occurred via an apoptotic pathway.
In Vivo

Propranolol (orally administration; 40 mg/kg; daily) significantly reduces the vessel diameter relative to the vehicle-treated implants, and increases the number of cells that expressed phosphorylated ERK1/2 within the IH Matrigel implant[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: A xenograft mouse model of IH (infantile hemangiomas ) with HemSC cells[4]
Dosage: 40 mg/kg
Administration: Orally administration; 40 mg/kg; daily
Result: Improved vessel development in the IH mouse model that correlated with MAPK pathway activation.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

259.34

Formula

C16H21NO2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

OC(COC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)CNC(C)C
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 1 year
-20°C 6 months
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (385.59 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.8559 mL 19.2797 mL 38.5594 mL
5 mM 0.7712 mL 3.8559 mL 7.7119 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.64 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.64 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.87%

COA (245 KB) HNMR (247 KB) LCMS (251 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.8559 mL 19.2797 mL 38.5594 mL 96.3986 mL
5 mM 0.7712 mL 3.8559 mL 7.7119 mL 19.2797 mL
10 mM 0.3856 mL 1.9280 mL 3.8559 mL 9.6399 mL
15 mM 0.2571 mL 1.2853 mL 2.5706 mL 6.4266 mL
20 mM 0.1928 mL 0.9640 mL 1.9280 mL 4.8199 mL
25 mM 0.1542 mL 0.7712 mL 1.5424 mL 3.8559 mL
30 mM 0.1285 mL 0.6427 mL 1.2853 mL 3.2133 mL
40 mM 0.0964 mL 0.4820 mL 0.9640 mL 2.4100 mL
50 mM 0.0771 mL 0.3856 mL 0.7712 mL 1.9280 mL
60 mM 0.0643 mL 0.3213 mL 0.6427 mL 1.6066 mL
80 mM 0.0482 mL 0.2410 mL 0.4820 mL 1.2050 mL
100 mM 0.0386 mL 0.1928 mL 0.3856 mL 0.9640 mL
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Propranolol Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Propranolol525-66-6Adrenergic ReceptorBacterialBeta ReceptorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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