2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. iGluR

iGluR

Ionotropic glutamate receptors

iGluR

Related Products

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iGluR (ionotropic glutamate receptor) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. iGluR are integral membrane proteins compose of four large subunits that form a central ion channel pore. Sequence similarity among all known glutamate receptor subunits, including the AMPA, kainate, NMDA, and δ receptors.

AMPA receptors are the main charge carriers during basal transmission, permitting influx of sodium ions to depolarise the postsynaptic membrane. NMDA receptors are blocked by magnesium ions and therefore only permit ion flux following prior depolarisation. This enables them to act as coincidence detectors for synaptic plasticity. Calcium influx through NMDA receptors leads to persistent modifications in the strength of synaptic transmission.

iGluR Isoform Specific Products:

iGluR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-15067
    DNQX
    		Antagonist 99.26%
    DNQX (FG 9041), a quinoxaline derivative, is a selective, potent competitive non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist (IC50s = 0.5, 2 and 40 μM for AMPA, kainate and NMDA receptors, respectively).
    DNQX
  • HY-N0215S12
    L-Phenylalanine-d5
    		Antagonist 99.15%
    L-Phenylalanine-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals[1][2][3][4].
    L-Phenylalanine-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-W015309
    Decanoic acid
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Decanoic acid is a key component of the medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) found in coconut oil. Decanoic acid is a brain-penetrant and non-competitive inhibitor of AMPA receptor showing antiseizure activity in rats. Decanoic acid reduces tyrosinase activity and inhibits melanosome maturation. Decanoic acid suppresses the phosphorylation of c-Met and induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by inhibiting the expression of various oncogenic proteins, which is promising for research in the field of mTORC1 signaling, HCC and epilepsy.
    Decanoic acid
  • HY-B0122
    Topiramate
    		Antagonist ≥98.0%
    Topiramate (McN 4853) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic agent. Topiramate is a GluR5 receptor antagonist. Topiramate produces its antiepileptic effects through enhancement of GABAergic activity, inhibition of kainate/AMPA receptors, inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium and calcium channels, increases in potassium conductance, and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase.
    Topiramate
  • HY-12506A
    Naspm trihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 98.50%
    Naspm trihydrochloride (1-Naphthylacetyl spermine trihydrochloride), a synthetic analogue of Joro spider toxin, is a calcium permeable AMPA (CP-AMPA) receptors antagonist.
    Naspm trihydrochloride
  • HY-B0405
    Bupivacaine
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Bupivacaine is a NMDA receptor inhibitor. Bupivacaine can block sodium, L-calcium, and potassium channels.Bupivacaine potently blocks SCN5A channels with the IC50 of 69.5 μM. Bupivacaine can be used for the research of chronic pain.
    Bupivacaine
  • HY-15084B
    Dizocilpine
    		Antagonist 99.90%
    Dizocilpine (MK-801), a potent anticonvulsant, is a selective and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, with a Kd of 37.2 nM in rat brain membranes. Dizocilpine acts by binding to a site located within the NMDA associated ion channel and thus prevents Ca2+ flux.
    Dizocilpine
  • HY-10933
    CX516
    		Modulator 99.94%
    CX516 (BDP 12) is an ampakine and acts as an AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator for the research of Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
    CX516
  • HY-N2370
    24-Hydroxycholesterol
    		Activator 99.90%
    24-Hydroxycholesterol is a natural sterol, which serves as a positive allosteric modulator of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptorsR, and a potent activator of the transcription factors LXR.
    24-Hydroxycholesterol
  • HY-100807S
    Quinolinic acid-d3
    		Agonist 99.90%
    Quinolinic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled Quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid is an endogenous N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist synthesized from L-tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway and thereby has the potential of mediating N-methyl-D-aspartate neuronal damage and dysfunction[1][2].
    Quinolinic acid-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N2311
    Ibotenic acid
    		Agonist 99.0%
    Ibotenic acid has agonist activity at both the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and trans-ACPD or metabolotropic quisqualate (Qm) receptor sites.
    Ibotenic acid
  • HY-17387
    (-)-Huperzine A
    		Antagonist 99.74%
    (-)-Huperzine A (Huperzine A) is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC50 of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptor. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.
    (-)-Huperzine A
  • HY-100808
    D-Serine
    		Agonist ≥98.0%
    D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration.
    D-Serine
  • HY-N2072
    Crocetin
    		Antagonist 98.22%
    Crocetin (Transcrocetin), extracted from saffron (Crocus sativus L.), acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist with high affinity. Crocetin is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier and reach the central nervous system (CNS).
    Crocetin
  • HY-13993A
    Ro 25-6981 Maleate
    		Antagonist 99.25%
    Ro 25-6981 Maleate is a potent, selective and activity-dependent NR2B subunit specific NMDA receptor antagonist. Ro 25-6981 Maleat shows anticonvulsant and anti-parkinsonian activity. Ro 25-6981 Maleate has the potential for the research of parkinson's disease (PD).
    Ro 25-6981 Maleate
  • HY-12294A
    PEAQX tetrasodium hydrate
    		Antagonist ≥98.0%
    PEAQX tetrasodium hydrate (NVP-AAM077 tetrasodium hydrate) is a tetrasodium hydrate of PEAQX (HY-12294). PEAQX tetrasodium hydrate is an orally active and selective NMDA antagonist, with IC50 values of 270 nM and 29.6 μM for hNMDAR 1A/2A and hNMDAR 1A/2B, respectively. PEAQX tetrasodium hydrate can promote the activation of caspase-3 and induce cell apoptosis in cortical striatal slice cultures.
    PEAQX tetrasodium hydrate
  • HY-16757
    Trofinetide
    		Modulator 99.30%
    Trofinetide (NNZ-2566), a synthetic analogue of the endogenous N-terminus tripeptide, Glycine-Proline-Glutamate (GPE), has been shown to be neuroprotective in animal models of brain injury.
    Trofinetide
  • HY-B0405A
    Bupivacaine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Bupivacaine hydrochloride is a NMDA receptor inhibitor.Bupivacaine can block sodium, L-calcium, and potassium channels.Bupivacaine potently blocks SCN5A channels with the IC50 of 69.5 μM. Bupivacaine hydrochloride can be used for the research of chronic pain.
    Bupivacaine hydrochloride
  • HY-15084A
    (-)-Dizocilpine maleate
    		99.92%
    (-)-Dizocilpine maleate ((-)-MK-801 maleate) is a less active (-)-enantiomer of Dizocilpine. (-)-Dizocilpine maleate is a selective and non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist with a Ki of 211.7 nM. (-)-Dizocilpine maleate has antidepressant effects.
    (-)-Dizocilpine maleate
  • HY-17001
    Flupirtine Maleate
    		Antagonist 99.97%
    Flupirtine Maleate is a?brain?penetrant, and orally bioavailable, non-opioid and centrally acting analgesic agent. Flupirtine Maleate is an indirect N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. Neuroprotective properties.
    Flupirtine Maleate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
iGluR Isoform Comparison

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