2. NF-κB Apoptosis
  3. NF-κB Apoptosis
  4. Triptolide

Triptolide is a diterpenoid triepoxide extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antitumour effects. Triptolide is a NF-κB activation inhibitor.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Triptolide Chemical Structure

Triptolide Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 38748-32-2

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Customer Review

Based on 44 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Triptolide:

Triptolide Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

43 Publications Citing Use of MCE Triptolide

WB

    Triptolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 19;17(12). pii: E2139.  [Abstract]

    To explore the cellular mechanisms for the suppression of CNE cells by TPL and IR, the expression of p65, phosph-p65, Bcl-2, and Bax in CNE cells are examined by Western blot, with β-actin as protein loading control. Western blot assay for Bax, Bcl-2, phosph-p65, and p65 expression in vitro with combined treatment with TPL and IR.

    View All NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Triptolide is a diterpenoid triepoxide extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antitumour effects. Triptolide is a NF-κB activation inhibitor[1][2][3][4][5][6].

    IC50 & Target[1][2]

    HSP90

     

    MDM-2/p53

    47-73 nM (IC50)

    In Vitro

    Triptolide induces apoptosis in cultured and primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) B-cells. Treatment of CD19+ B cells with Triptolide, induces a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis in cultured and primary CLL cells. Triptolide is selectively toxic to both high risk (n=5) and low risk CLL (n=12) B cells (10 to 50 nM range) while largely sparing normal B-cells (n=5). Consistent with the inhibition of heat-shock induced HSP transcription, treatment with Triptolide attenuates heat-shock induced expression of HSPs[1]. Triptolide is a natural product derived from the Chinese plant Tripterygium wilfordii, is reported to exhibit antitumor effects in a broad range of cancers. Triptolide inhibits MDM2 expression in a dose-dependent manner, even at low concentrations spanning 20-100 nM in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. Triptolide exhibits strongly cytotoxic activity in all 8 cell lines having native MDM2 overexpression, with IC50 values range from 47 to 73 nM. Triptolide exhibits much less cytotoxic effect on EU-4 cells that express very low level of MDM2, while it effectively kill these cells when MDM2 is stably transfected (IC50 values: 725 nM vs. 88 nM)[2]. Differentiated PC12 cells are incubated with different concentrations of Triptolide (0.01, 0.1, and 1 nM) in the presence of 10 μM Aβ25-35 for 24 hours and MTT assay is used to detect the effect of Triptolide. The results show that Aβ25-35 can decrease the cell viability and when treated with Triptolide the viability of differentiated PC12 cells is significantly increased. The results indicate that Triptolide can alleviate cellular damage caused by Aβ25-35, which means that Triptolide has a neuroprotective effect[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Triptolide Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    The Triptolide (TP) plasma concentrations are declined rapidly in mice after receive an intravenous dose. After 2h of injection, the Triptolide concentrations are dropped below the lower limit of quantification for all three groups. A comparison of the parameters is made between the control and the treated groups to assess the effect of P-gp inhibition on the Triptolide exposure and elimination. Treatment with the mdr1a-siRNA can significantly enhance the Triptolide plasma exposure, with the Cmax increases from 413±74 to 510±94 ng/mL (P<0.05) and the AUC from 103.5±9.6 to 154.3±30.2 ng h/mL (P<0.05). In the concomitant group with Tariquidar, the significantly increased AUC is also noted, from 103.5±9.6 of the control to 145.9±24.6 ng h/mL of the Triptolide+Tariquidar group (P<0.05). Accordingly, the total body clearance of Triptolide in mice is remarkably decreased, from 9564±1024.2 mL/min/kg of the control to 6576.4±1438.5 (P<0.05) and 5755.4±1200.1 mL/min/kg (P<0.05) for Triptolide+Tariquidar and Triptolide+mdr1a-siRNA groups, respectively[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    360.40

    Formula

    C20H24O6
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    C[C@@]12[C@@]34[C@](O5)([C@@H]([C@](O6)(C(C)C)[C@@H]6[C@@H]3O4)O)[C@@H]5C[C@@]1([H])C7=C(C(OC7)=O)CC2
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, stored under nitrogen

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 25 mg/mL (69.37 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.7747 mL 13.8735 mL 27.7469 mL
    5 mM 0.5549 mL 2.7747 mL 5.5494 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 1.17 mg/mL (3.25 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (11.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 1.17 mg/mL (3.25 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (11.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

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    (per animal)

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    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
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    +
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.86%

    COA (256 KB) HNMR (267 KB) LCMS (261 KB) OR (171 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [3]

    The viability of differentiated PC12 cells treated with different concentrations of Triptolide. After differentiated PC12 cells are cultured on 96-well plates with RPMI 1640 medium for stabilization, differentiated PC12 cells are incubated with different concentrations of Triptolide (0.01, 0.1, and 1 nM) for 24 hours. The concentrations in this study are chosen. Then cell viability is determined by the MTT assay. Each condition and experiment is repeated three times[3].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [4]

    Mice[4]
    Male BALB/C mice (weight, 18-22 g) are used. For Triptolide (TP) plasma kinetic study and toxicological evaluation, mice are divided into four groups (n=5 each) to collect blood and tissue samples: (1) normal+saline group; (2) 1.0 mg/kg Triptolide+15 nmol negative control (NC) siRNA-siRNA group; (3) 1.0 mg/kg Triptolide+15 nmol mdr1a-siRNA group; (4) 1.0 mg/kg Triptolide+10 mg/kg Tariquidar group. In order to avoid the complication caused by drug absorption or possible intestinal first-pass effect, Triptolide and the inhibitor are intravenously administrated to mice. The siRNA group is intravenously injected with NC-siRNA or mdr1a-siRNA 2 days before Triptolide dose. For Triptolide+Tariquidar group, the mice are received an intravenous Tariquidar dose 20 min prior to the Triptolide injection. Blood samples are collected at 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min after Triptolide dosing. To assess the liver exposure of Triptolide, liver tissue samples are collected from another set of mice at 5, 30, 60 and 120 min after dosing. Three Triptolide groups are design for this experiment, including Triptolide+NC-siRNA group, Triptolide+mdr1a-siRNA group and Triptolide+Tariquidar group. The liver tissue samples are weighed and then homogenized in 10 volume (w:v) of ice-cold saline. The concentrations of Triptolide in plasma and liver tissue are measured by a validated LC-MS/MS method.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.7747 mL 13.8735 mL 27.7469 mL 69.3674 mL
    5 mM 0.5549 mL 2.7747 mL 5.5494 mL 13.8735 mL
    10 mM 0.2775 mL 1.3873 mL 2.7747 mL 6.9367 mL
    15 mM 0.1850 mL 0.9249 mL 1.8498 mL 4.6245 mL
    20 mM 0.1387 mL 0.6937 mL 1.3873 mL 3.4684 mL
    25 mM 0.1110 mL 0.5549 mL 1.1099 mL 2.7747 mL
    30 mM 0.0925 mL 0.4624 mL 0.9249 mL 2.3122 mL
    40 mM 0.0694 mL 0.3468 mL 0.6937 mL 1.7342 mL
    50 mM 0.0555 mL 0.2775 mL 0.5549 mL 1.3873 mL
    60 mM 0.0462 mL 0.2312 mL 0.4624 mL 1.1561 mL
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    Triptolide Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Triptolide38748-32-2PG490PG 490PG-490NF-κBApoptosisNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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