2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Anti-infection
  3. HIV Integrase HIV
  4. Raltegravir

Raltegravir  (Synonyms: MK-0518)

Cat. No.: HY-10353 Purity: 99.93%
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Raltegravir is a potent integrase (IN) inhibitor, used to treat HIV infection.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Raltegravir Chemical Structure

Raltegravir Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 518048-05-0

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 85 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 85 In-stock
Solid
5 mg USD 77 In-stock
10 mg USD 132 In-stock
50 mg USD 385 In-stock
100 mg   Get quote  
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Customer Review

Based on 21 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Raltegravir:

Raltegravir Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Raltegravir purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;12(4):682-692.  [Abstract]

    TDF/FTC/RAL combined medication induces mouse NPC apoptosis in vitro. Mouse NPCs are treated with either DMSO or TDF/FTC/RAL for 8 h. Cleaved Caspase-3 levels are determined by Western blotting.

    Raltegravir purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Virol. 2017 Jan 18;91(3). pii: e02152-16.  [Abstract]

    Inhibitory effects of Raltegravir on pUL89-C activity analyzed by agarose gel assay. Linearized pUC18 in the absence (Lane 1) or presence (Lane 2) of pUL89-C. Lanes 3–10: A range of concentrations of Raltegravir with pUL89-C. Numbers above bands correspond to the fold change compared with the control.

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    HIV HIV-1 HIV-2

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Raltegravir is a potent integrase (IN) inhibitor, used to treat HIV infection.

    IC50 & Target

    HIV-1

     

    HIV-2

     

    In Vitro

    PFV IN carrying the S217H substitution is 10-fold less susceptible to Raltegravir with IC50 of 900 nM. PFV IN displays 10% of WT activity and is inhibited by Raltegravir with an IC50 of 200 nM, indicating a appr twofold decrease in susceptibility to the IN strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) compared with WT IN. S217Q PFV IN is as sensitive to Raltegravir as the WT enzyme[1]. Raltegravir is metabolized by glucuronidation, not hepatically. Raltegravir has potent in vitro activity against HIV-1, with a 95% inhibitory concentration of 31±20 nM, in human T lymphoid cell cultures. Raltegravir is also active against HIV-2 when Raltegravir is tested in CEMx174 cells, with an IC95of 6 nM. Raltegravir metabolism occurs primarily through glucuronidation. Drugs that are strong inducers of the glucuronidation enzyme, UGT1A1, significantly reduce Raltegravir concentrations and should not be used. Raltegravir exhibits weak inhibitory effects on hepatic cytochrome P450 activity. Raltegravir does not induce CYP3A4 RNA expression or CYP3A4-dependent testosterone 6-β-hydroxylase activity[2]. Raltegravir cellular permeativity is reduced in the presence of magnesium and calcium[3]. Raltegravir and related HIV-1 integrase (IN) strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs efficiently block viral replication[4]. In acutely infected human lymphoid CD4+ T-cell lines MT-4 and CEMx174, SIVmac251 replication is efficiently inhibited by Raltegravir, which shows an EC90 in the low nanomolar range[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Raltegravir Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Raltegravir induces viro-immunological improvement of nonhuman primates with progressing SIVmac251 infection. One non-human primate shows an undetectable viral load following Raltegravir monotherapy[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    444.42

    Formula

    C20H21FN6O5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C(C(O)=C(C(NCC1=CC=C(C=C1)F)=O)N=C2C(C)(C)NC(C3=NN=C(C)O3)=O)N2C
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, protect from light

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (225.01 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.2501 mL 11.2506 mL 22.5012 mL
    5 mM 0.4500 mL 2.2501 mL 4.5002 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.63 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.63 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation
    References
    Kinase Assay
    [1]

    For quantitative strand transfer assays, donor DNA substrate is formed by annealing HPLC grade oligonucleotides 5'-GACTCACTATAGGGCACGCGTCAAAATTCCATGACA and 5'-ATTGTCATG GAATTTTGACGCGTGCCCTATAGTGAGTC. Reactions (40 μL) contains 0.75 μM PFV IN, 0.75 μM donor DNA, 4 nM (300 ng) supercoiled pGEM9-Zf(−) target DNA, 125 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgSO4, 4 μM ZnCl2, 10 mM DTT, 0.8% (vol/vol) DMSO, and 25 mM BisTris propane-HCl, pH 7.45. Raltegravir is added at indicated concentrations. Reactions are initiated by addition of 2 μL PFV IN diluted in 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM DTT, and 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, and stopped after 1 hour at 37°C by addition of 25 mM EDTA and 0.5% (wt/vol) SDS. Reaction products, deproteinized by digestion with 20 μg proteinase K for 30 minutes at 37°C followed by ethanol precipitation, are separated in 1.5% agarose gels and visualized by staining with ethidium bromide. Integration products are quantified by quantitative real-time PCR, using Platinum SYBR Green qPCR SuperMix and three primers: 5'-CTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAAC, 5'-TTCGCCAGTTAATAGTTTGCGCAAC, and 5'-GACTCACTATAGGGCACGCGT. PCR reactions (20 μL) contained 0.5 μM of each primer and 1 μL diluted integration reaction product. Following a 5-min denaturation step at 95°C, 35 cycles are carried out in a CFX96 PCR instrument, using 10 seconds denaturation at 95°C, 30 seconds annealing at 56°C and 1 minutes extension at 68°C. Standard curves are generated using serial dilutions of WT PFV IN reaction in the absence of INSTI.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Cell Assay
    [5]

    Human MT-4 cells are infected for 2 hours with the SIVmac251, HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (CDC 77618) stocks at a multiplicity of infection of, approximately, 0.1. Cells are then washed three times in phosphate buffered saline, and suspended at 5 × 105/mL in fresh culture medium (to primary cells 50 units/mL of IL-2 are added) in 96-well plates, in the presence or absence of a range of triplicate raltegravir concentrations (0.0001 μM-1 μM). Untreated infected and mock-infected controls are prepared too, in order to allow comparison of the data derived from the different treatments. Viral cytopathogeniciy in MT-4 cells is quantitated by the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) method (MT-4/MTT assay) when extensive cell death in control virus-infected cell cultures is detectable microscopically as lack of capacity to re-cluster. The capability of MT-4 cells to form clusters after infection. Briefly, clusters are disrupted by pipetting; and, after 2 hours of incubation at 37°C, the formation of new clusters is assessed by light microscopy (100× magnification). Cell culture supernatants are collected for HIV-1 p24 and HIV-2/SIVmac251 p27 core antigen measurement by ELISA. In CEMx174-infected cell cultures, which show a propensity to form syncytia induced by the virus envelope glycoproteins, syncytia are counted, in blinded fashion, by light microscopy for each well at 5 days following infection.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.2501 mL 11.2506 mL 22.5012 mL 56.2531 mL
    5 mM 0.4500 mL 2.2501 mL 4.5002 mL 11.2506 mL
    10 mM 0.2250 mL 1.1251 mL 2.2501 mL 5.6253 mL
    15 mM 0.1500 mL 0.7500 mL 1.5001 mL 3.7502 mL
    20 mM 0.1125 mL 0.5625 mL 1.1251 mL 2.8127 mL
    25 mM 0.0900 mL 0.4500 mL 0.9000 mL 2.2501 mL
    30 mM 0.0750 mL 0.3750 mL 0.7500 mL 1.8751 mL
    40 mM 0.0563 mL 0.2813 mL 0.5625 mL 1.4063 mL
    50 mM 0.0450 mL 0.2250 mL 0.4500 mL 1.1251 mL
    60 mM 0.0375 mL 0.1875 mL 0.3750 mL 0.9376 mL
    80 mM 0.0281 mL 0.1406 mL 0.2813 mL 0.7032 mL
    100 mM 0.0225 mL 0.1125 mL 0.2250 mL 0.5625 mL
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    Raltegravir Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Raltegravir518048-05-0MK-0518MK0518MK 0518HIV IntegraseHIVHuman immunodeficiency virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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