2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Autophagy
  3. FXR Endogenous Metabolite Autophagy
  4. Chenodeoxycholic Acid

Chenodeoxycholic Acid  (Synonyms: CDCA)

Cat. No.: HY-76847 Purity: 99.90%
COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid Chemical Structure

Chenodeoxycholic Acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 474-25-9

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Customer Review

Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Chenodeoxycholic Acid:

Chenodeoxycholic Acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.

IC50 & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and Deoxycholic acid (DCA) both inhibit 11 beta HSD2 with IC50 values of 22 mM and 38 mM, respectively and causes cortisol-dependent nuclear translocation and increases transcriptionalactivity of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)[1]. Chenodeoxycholic acid is able to stimulate Ishikawa cell growth by inducing a significant increase in Cyclin D1 protein and mRNA expression through the activation of the membrane G protein-coupled receptor (TGR5)-dependent pathway[2]. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) induces LDL receptor mRNA levels approximately 4 fold and mRNA levels for HMG-CoA reductase and HMG-CoA synthase two fold in a cultured human hepatoblastoma cell line, Hep G2[3]. Chenodeoxycholic acid-induced Isc is inhibited (≥67%) by Bumetanide, BaCl2, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitor CFTRinh-172. Chenodeoxycholic acid-stimulated Isc is decreased 43% by the adenylate cyclase inhibitor MDL12330A and Chenodeoxycholic acid increases intracellular cAMP concentration[4]. Chenodeoxycholic acid treatment activates C/EBPβ, as shown by increases in its phosphorylation, nuclear accumulation, and expression in HepG2 cells. Chenodeoxycholic acid enhances luciferase gene transcription from the construct containing -1.65-kb GSTA2 promoter, which contains C/EBP response element (pGL-1651). Chenodeoxycholic acid treatment activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which leads to extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation, as evidenced by the results of experiments using a dominant-negative mutant of AMPKα and chemical inhibitor[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid Related Antibodies
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

392.57

Formula

C24H40O4
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(O)CC[C@@H](C)[C@]1([H])[C@]2(C)[C@](CC1)([H])[C@]3([H])[C@H](O)C[C@@](C4)([H])[C@@](CC[C@H]4O)(C)[C@]([H])3CC2
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

RT, protect from light
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (127.37 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

0.1 M NaOH : 50 mg/mL (127.37 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 8 with NaOH)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.5473 mL 12.7366 mL 25.4732 mL
5 mM 0.5095 mL 2.5473 mL 5.0946 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  20% HP-β-CD in Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 20 mg/mL (50.95 mM); Clear solution

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.90%

COA (250 KB) RP-HPLC (218 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Kinase Assay
[1]

Briefly, transfected HEK-293 cells, incubated in charcoal-treated Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium for 24 h, are washed once with Hanks' solution and resuspended in a buffer containing 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 250 mMsucrose, 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4. Cells are lysed by freezing in liquid nitrogen. Dehydrogenase activity is measured in a final volume of 20 μL containing the appropriate concentration of bile acid, 30 nCi of [3H]cortisol, and unlabeled cortisol to a final concentrations of 50 nM. The reaction is started by mixing cell lysate with the reaction mixture. Alternatively, endoplasmic reticulum microsomes are prepared from transfected HEK-293 cells and incubated with reaction mixture containing various concentrations of cortisol and CDCA. Incubation proceeded for 20 min, and the conversion of cortisol to cortisone is determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Because of the inaccuracy of the TLC method at low conversion rates and the end-product inhibition of 11βHSD2 at conversion rates higher than 60-70%, only conversion rates between 10 and 60% are considered for calculation. The inhibitory constant IC50 is evaluated using the curve-fitting program. Results are expressed as means±S.E. and consist of at least four independent measurements.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Assay
[1]

The cell viability is analyzed by incubating transfected HEK-293 cells and CHO cells for 1 h with the corresponding concentration of bile acid and staining with trypan blue. The toxicity of bile acids is analyzed using the tetrazolium salt MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) according to the cell proliferation kit I. No significant differences between control and bile acid-treated cells are obtained in both tests.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / 0.1 M NaOH 1 mM 2.5473 mL 12.7366 mL 25.4732 mL 63.6829 mL
5 mM 0.5095 mL 2.5473 mL 5.0946 mL 12.7366 mL
10 mM 0.2547 mL 1.2737 mL 2.5473 mL 6.3683 mL
15 mM 0.1698 mL 0.8491 mL 1.6982 mL 4.2455 mL
20 mM 0.1274 mL 0.6368 mL 1.2737 mL 3.1841 mL
25 mM 0.1019 mL 0.5095 mL 1.0189 mL 2.5473 mL
30 mM 0.0849 mL 0.4246 mL 0.8491 mL 2.1228 mL
40 mM 0.0637 mL 0.3184 mL 0.6368 mL 1.5921 mL
50 mM 0.0509 mL 0.2547 mL 0.5095 mL 1.2737 mL
60 mM 0.0425 mL 0.2123 mL 0.4246 mL 1.0614 mL
80 mM 0.0318 mL 0.1592 mL 0.3184 mL 0.7960 mL
100 mM 0.0255 mL 0.1274 mL 0.2547 mL 0.6368 mL
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Chenodeoxycholic Acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Chenodeoxycholic Acid474-25-9CDCAFXREndogenous MetaboliteAutophagyNR1H4Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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