2. Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Cuproptosis Drug Metabolite
  4. Penicillamine

Penicillamine  (Synonyms: D-(-)-Penicillamine)

Cat. No.: HY-B0300 Purity: ≥98.0%
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Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine reduces free copper and reduces oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Penicillamine Chemical Structure

Penicillamine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 52-67-5

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in Water
ready for reconstitution
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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Penicillamine:

Penicillamine Related Antibodies

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Description

Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine reduces free copper and reduces oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria[1][2][3][4].

In Vitro

Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) (5 mg; 7 d; CD4+ and CD+ splenocytes) promotes cellular immune responses[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Penicillamine Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: CD4+ and CD+ splenocytes
Concentration: 5 mg
Incubation Time: 7 days
Result: Increased IL-4 and IFN-γ mRNA expression in response to high dose treatment and remained high in both CD4+ and CD+ splenocytes.
In Vivo

Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) (200 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 d; tx mice and DL mice) increases serum free copper concentration[1].
Penicillamine (200 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 d; tx mice and DL mice) increases ATP7A and CTR1 mRNA expression in the brain of tx mice[1].
Penicillamine (200 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 d; tx mice and DL mice) induces oxidative-stress in the central nervous system[1].
Penicillamine (0.1-250 mg/kg; i.p.; once, for 90 min; male NMRI mice) has binaural phase effect on seizure[2].
Penicillamine (5 mg/kg; i.v.; daily, for 8 weeks; male BN rats) prevents the onset of autoimmunity at a low dose[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Toxic milk mutant mice (tx mice) and DL mice[1]
Dosage: 200 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 days
Result: Increased the free copper concentrations in the tx mice serum on the 3rd day.
Animal Model: Toxic milk mutant mice (tx mice) and DL mice[1]
Dosage: 200 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 days
Result: Increased the mRNA expression of ATP7A by 4-fold. Increased CTR1 mRNA expression by 6.9-fold in the cortex and 9.1-fold in the basal ganglia of tx mice.
Animal Model: Toxic milk mutant mice (tx mice) and DL mice[1]
Dosage: 200 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 days
Result: Increased the concentration of MDA and decreased GSH/GSSG ratios through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways.
Animal Model: Male NMRI mice[2]
Dosage: 0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 100, 150 and 250 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection; once, for 90 minutes
Result: Had anticonvulsant effects at a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) and had anticonvulsant effects at a high dose (250 mg/kg). Reversed the anti- and proconvulsant effects by acute pretreatment of L-NAME (a nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) and 7-NI (a selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor).
Animal Model: Male BN rats[3]
Dosage: 5 mg/kg
Administration: Intravenous injection; daily, for 8 weeks
Result: Inhibited IgE upregulation and prevented the onset of autoimmunity.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

149.21

Formula

C5H11NO2S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

N[C@H](C(C)(S)C)C(O)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source

Penicillium
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 83.33 mg/mL (558.47 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

DMSO : 1.43 mg/mL (9.58 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 6.7020 mL 33.5098 mL 67.0196 mL
5 mM 1.3404 mL 6.7020 mL 13.4039 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 100 mg/mL (670.20 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

SDS (418 KB)

COA (247 KB) HNMR (223 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 6.7020 mL 33.5098 mL 67.0196 mL 167.5491 mL
5 mM 1.3404 mL 6.7020 mL 13.4039 mL 33.5098 mL
H2O 10 mM 0.6702 mL 3.3510 mL 6.7020 mL 16.7549 mL
15 mM 0.4468 mL 2.2340 mL 4.4680 mL 11.1699 mL
20 mM 0.3351 mL 1.6755 mL 3.3510 mL 8.3775 mL
25 mM 0.2681 mL 1.3404 mL 2.6808 mL 6.7020 mL
30 mM 0.2234 mL 1.1170 mL 2.2340 mL 5.5850 mL
40 mM 0.1675 mL 0.8377 mL 1.6755 mL 4.1887 mL
50 mM 0.1340 mL 0.6702 mL 1.3404 mL 3.3510 mL
60 mM 0.1117 mL 0.5585 mL 1.1170 mL 2.7925 mL
80 mM 0.0838 mL 0.4189 mL 0.8377 mL 2.0944 mL
100 mM 0.0670 mL 0.3351 mL 0.6702 mL 1.6755 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Penicillamine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Penicillamine52-67-5D-(-)-PenicillamineCuproptosisDrug Metabolitenitric oxidesynthase inhibitorspentylenetetrazole seizure miceimmune modulatorrheumatoid arthritiscystinuriaInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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