2. Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease MAPK/ERK Pathway PI3K/Akt/mTOR NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  3. Apoptosis MMP MAPKAPK2 (MK2) p38 MAPK PI3K Akt Reactive Oxygen Species DNA/RNA Synthesis
  4. Kukoamine B

Kukoamine B, a spermine alkaloid, is a potent dual LPS and CpG DNA inhibitor with Kd values of 1.23 µM and 0.66 µM, respectively. Kukoamine B exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-osteoporotic and neuroprotective effects. Kukoamine B has the potential for the study of sepsis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Kukoamine B Chemical Structure

Kukoamine B Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 164991-67-7

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in Water
ready for reconstitution
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Kukoamine B:

Kukoamine B Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

View All MMP Isoform Specific Products:

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MMP-1 MMP-2 MMP-3 MMP-8 MMP-9 MMP-13 MMP-14 MMP-17 ADAM10 ADAM17 MMP-7 MMP-12 MMP-10 MMP ADAM8

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p38 MAPK p38α p38β MAPK13 p38δ p38γ

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PI3Kα PI3Kβ PI3Kγ PI3Kδ PI3KC2α PI3KC2β PI3KC2γ Vps34 PI3K PI3KC3 p120γ

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Akt Akt1 Akt2 Akt3

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Kukoamine B, a spermine alkaloid, is a potent dual LPS and CpG DNA inhibitor with Kd values of 1.23 µM and 0.66 µM, respectively. Kukoamine B exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-osteoporotic and neuroprotective effects. Kukoamine B has the potential for the study of sepsis[1][2][3][4].

In Vitro

Kukoamine B (5-20 μM, 2 h) increases cell viability, and prevents plasma membrane from damaging in SH-SY5Y cells[2].
Kukoamine B (5-20 μM, 2 h) attenuates H2O2-induced Apoptosis and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) loss in SH-SY5Y cells[2].
Kukoamine B (5-20 μM, 2 h) demonstrates anti-oxidative stress effects by modulating the MAPKs and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways in SH-SY5Y cells[2].
Kukoamine B (10-20 μM, 3 days) increases osteoblast differentiation and the mineralized nodule formation of preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells[3].
Kukoamine B (50-200 μM, 12 h) is a dual inhibitor of LPS- and CpG DNA-induced TNF-a and IL-6 release from RAW 264.7 cells and murine peritoneal macrophages[4].
Kukoamine B (50-200 μM, 12 h) down-regulates two receptors (TLR4 and TLR9) and two important enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) mRNA expressions upregulated by LPS and CpG DNA in RAW 264.7cells[4].
Kukoamine B (0-200 μM, 30min-2 h) inhibits IkB-a and p38 phosphorylation and NF-kB activation induced by LPS and CpG DNA in RAW 264.7cells [4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Kukoamine B Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration: 5, 10, 20 μM (H2O2, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time: 2 h
Result: Prevented cell death and improved cell viability dose-dependently.
Lowered the LDH release.
Increased the activity of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px, and reduced the MDA production.

Apoptosis Analysis[2]

Cell Line: SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration: 5, 10, 20 μM (H2O2, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time: 2 h
Result: Decreased total apoptotic cells and late apoptotic cells.

Immunofluorescence[2]

Cell Line: SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration: 5, 10, 20 μM (H2O2, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time: 2 h
Result: Increased the fluorescence intensity of Rho (Rhodamine) 123.
Decreased the ROS production.

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration: 5, 10, 20 μM (H2O2, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time: 2 h
Result: Restored the mitochondria function via inhibiting the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.
Decreased cytochromec, caspase-3, caspase-9, p-p38, p-ERK and p-JNK expression.
Increased p-AKT expression.

RT-PCR[4]

Cell Line: RAW 264.7 cells
Concentration: 0, 100, 200 μM
Incubation Time: 12 h
Result: Down-regulated the mRNA expression of two receptors (TLR4 and TLR9) and two important enzymes (iNOS and COX-2).

Western Blot Analysis[4]

Cell Line: RAW 264.7 cells
Concentration: 0, 100, 200 μM
Incubation Time: 30 min-2 h
Result: Suppressed the IkB-a and p38 phosphorylation as well as the degradation of IkB-a.
In Vivo

Kukoamine B (20, 50 mg/kg, i.g., daily, 9 weeks) reduces inflammation and blood glucose without body weight gain or liver mass increase[1].
Kukoamine B (2, 5 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 12 weeks) demonstrates the anti-osteoporotic effects in ovariectomized (OVX) mice[3].
Kukoamine B (1.25-60 mg/kg, i.v., only one injection or very 8 h for 3 days) protects mice challenged with E. coli and reduces the circulatory levels of LPS and TNF-a in sepsis model mice[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male, 4-week old db/db mice (BKS.Cgm+/+Leprdb/J) and wildtype (WT) mice (C57BLKS/J-m+/+ db). A spontaneous type 2 diabetic animal model[1].
Dosage: 20, 50 mg/kg
Administration: i.g., daily, 9 weeks
Result: Successfully controlled the augment of blood glucose with age increase.
Reduced levels of 29 inflammatory markers such as IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7 and IL8.
Animal Model: Seven-week-old female ddy mice underwent either an ovariectomy or sham-operated surgery[3].
Dosage: 2, 5 mg/kg
Administration: p.o., daily, 12 weeks
Result: Inhibited the OVX-induced BMD loss in the right femur bone and restored the impaired bone structural properties of BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and Tb.Sp.
Animal Model: Kunming (KM) mice, 4–6 weeks old, 18–20 g, male and female in equal number. Mice were injected with heat-killed E. coli (EC, 1.0 * 1011 CFU•kg-1) in order to establish the sepsis model.[4].
Dosage: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 mg/kg
Administration: 80 mice (15, 30, 60 mg/kg), i.v., only one injection; 100 mice (1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg), i.v., every 8 h for 3 days; 96 mice, (60 mg/kg), i.v., once at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 h after injection of EC.
Result: Significantly decreased the mortality rate from 87.5% to 62.5%, 62.5%, or 37.5% (15, 30, 60 mg/kg).
Decreased the mortality rate from 95% to 65%, 60% and 45% (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg).
Decreased the circulatory LPS and TNF-a levels in a time-dependent manner.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

530.66

Formula

C28H42N4O6
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(N(CCCN)CCCCNCCCNC(CCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1)=O)CCC2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 62.5 mg/mL (117.78 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.8844 mL 9.4222 mL 18.8445 mL
5 mM 0.3769 mL 1.8844 mL 3.7689 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 50 mg/mL (94.22 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

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g

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(per animal)

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.70%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (243 KB) HNMR (152 KB) CNMR (148 KB) RP-HPLC (253 KB) MS (517 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O 1 mM 1.8844 mL 9.4222 mL 18.8445 mL 47.1111 mL
5 mM 0.3769 mL 1.8844 mL 3.7689 mL 9.4222 mL
10 mM 0.1884 mL 0.9422 mL 1.8844 mL 4.7111 mL
15 mM 0.1256 mL 0.6281 mL 1.2563 mL 3.1407 mL
20 mM 0.0942 mL 0.4711 mL 0.9422 mL 2.3556 mL
25 mM 0.0754 mL 0.3769 mL 0.7538 mL 1.8844 mL
30 mM 0.0628 mL 0.3141 mL 0.6281 mL 1.5704 mL
40 mM 0.0471 mL 0.2356 mL 0.4711 mL 1.1778 mL
50 mM 0.0377 mL 0.1884 mL 0.3769 mL 0.9422 mL
60 mM 0.0314 mL 0.1570 mL 0.3141 mL 0.7852 mL
80 mM 0.0236 mL 0.1178 mL 0.2356 mL 0.5889 mL
100 mM 0.0188 mL 0.0942 mL 0.1884 mL 0.4711 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Kukoamine B164991-67-7ApoptosisMMPMAPKAPK2 (MK2)p38 MAPKPI3KAktReactive Oxygen SpeciesDNA/RNA SynthesisMatrix metalloproteinasesMitogen-activated protein kinase activated protein kinase 2MAP kinase activated protein kinase 2MAPK activated protein kinase 2MAPKAP kinase 2Phosphoinositide 3-kinasePKBProtein kinase Binflammationanti-diabeticneuroprotectionoxidative stressosteoporosisovariectomized micesepsisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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