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Vosoritide (BMN 111) acetate is a natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) agonist that acts on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes to promote bonegrowth .
Costunolide ((+)-Costunolide) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Costunolide can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on breast cancer cells .
Olpadronic acid (Olpadronate) is an orally active amino-bisphosphonate and inhibits bone resorption. Olpadronic acid also prevents bone destruction and tumor growth in the skeletal prostate cancer mouse model. Olpadronic acid can be used for research of osteoporosis, malignancies and rheumatoid arthritis .
SJ000291942 is an activator of the canonical bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling pathway. BMPs are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) family of secreted signaling molecules.
BT-GSI is a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) and a bone-targeted Notch inhibitor. BT-GSI has dual anti-myeloma and anti-resorptive properties, which can be used for the research of multiple myeloma and associated bone disease. BT-GSI inhibits tumor growth and osteolytic disease progression .
Costunolide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Costunolide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Costunolide ((+)-Costunolide) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Costunolide can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on breast cancer cells .
BKM1644, an acyl-tyrosine bisphosphonate amide derivative, exhibits potent anti-cancer activity. BKM1644 effectively inhibits the proliferation of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cance (mCRPC) cells. BKM1644 sensitizes mCRPC cells to Docetaxel (HY-B0011) and retards the bone metastatic growth of prostate cance .
Human AREG mRNA encodes the human amphiregulin (AREG) protein, a member of the epidermal growth factor family. AREG interacts with the EGF/TGF-alpha receptor to promote the growth of normal epithelial cells, and inhibits the growth of certain aggressive carcinoma cell lines. It also functions in mammary gland, oocyte and bone tissue development.
Olpadronic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Olpadronic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Olpadronic acid (Olpadronate) is an orally active amino-bisphosphonate and inhibits bone resorption. Olpadronic acid also prevents bone destruction and tumor growth in the skeletal prostate cancer mouse model. Olpadronic acid can be used for research of osteoporosis, malignancies and rheumatoid arthritis .
pTH (1-37) (human) is a fragment of parathyroid hormone (PTH). pTH (1-37) (human) induces the cAMP formation and increases alkaline phosphatase activity. pTH (1-37) (human) increases growth, bone calcium content, and bone mineral density (BMD) in uremic animals. pTH (1-37) (human) has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
Human FGF18 mRNA encodes the human fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) protein, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF18 probably plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration. It is also required for normal ossification and bone development.
Incadronic acid inhibits growth of Dictyostelium discoideum with an IC50 of 1.6 μM. Incadronic acid binds the farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) in Leishmania major with the Ki of 23 nM. Incadronic acid inhibits the bone resorption and reduces bone loss, that can be used in osteoporosis research. Incadronic acid inhibits the proliferation of cells RAW264.7, PC-3 and MCF-7 with IC50 of 48 to 228.6 µM .
Sotatercept (ACE-011) is a soluble activin receptor 2A (ACVR2A) type IgG Fc fusion protein. Sotatercept combines activin and growth differentiation factor to try to restore the balance between growth promotion and growth inhibition signal pathways. Sotatercept has potential application in pulmonary arterial hypertension, anemia, bone loss, erythropoiesis, multiple myeloma (MM) osteolytic lesions .
Scio-323 is an orally available p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with the potential to inhibit chronic inflammatory responses associated with polyethylene particles. Scio-323's oral inhibition pattern had a minimal effect on bone formation. Scio-323 administration inhibited net bone formation after the establishment of a chronic inflammatory response to polyethylene particles. Osteoblast-like activity remained low in all cases of Scio-323 inhibition. Scio-323 failed to improve bonegrowth in the presence of polyethylene particles .
MI-1481 is a highly potent inhibitor of the Menin-MLL1 interaction with IC50 of 3.6 nM. MI-1481 markedly reduces cell growth of murine bone marrow cells transformed and inhibits leukemia progression .
KN-17 is a modified based on the structure of cecropin B (HY-P0092), can effectively interfere with bacterial growth and induce the migration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs). KN-17 can significantly stimulate angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo .
Ligandrol is an orally active, selective androgen receptor (AR) agonist. Ligandrol enhances protein synthesis, inhibits muscle breakdown and oxidative stress, improves muscle cell viability and bone tissue microstructure, and reduces Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced muscle toxicity and apoptosis. Ligandrol promotes muscle growth, protects bone structure, and has anti-diabetic, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects. Ligandrol can antagonize Streptozotocin (HY-13753) damage to pancreatic islets and improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes .
Tagraxofusp (SL-401) is a potent IL-3 receptor inhibitor to inhibits plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) growth in multiple myeloma (MM) bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Tagraxofusp has synergistic effect with Bortezomib (HY-10227) and Pomalidomide (HY-10984) to suppress multiple myeloma (MM) .
Ki20227 is an orally active and highly selective c-Fms tyrosine kinase (CSF1R) inhibitor with IC50s of 2 nM, 12 nM, 451 and 217 nM for CSF1R, VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2), c-Kit (stem cell factor receptor) and PDGFRβ (platelet-derived growth factor receptor β). Ki20227 suppresses osteoclast differentiation and osteolytic bone destruction .
EM-800, an orally active anti-estrogen, serves as an antagonist to the transcriptional functions of estrogen receptors α (ERα) and β (ERβ). EM-800 possesses anticancer activity, capable of inhibiting the growth of breast cancer induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) (HY-W011845). Furthermore, in ovariectomized animals, EM-800 effectively slows down bone loss. Additionally, EM-800 shows potential in the research of breast and endometrial cancers, while exerting beneficial effects on bone and lipid metabolism .
INCB16562 is an orally active and selective inhibitor against JAK1/2 markedly selective over JAK3. INCB16562 potently inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced phosphorylation of STAT3. Additionally, INCB16562 inhibits the proliferation and survival of myeloma cells dependent on IL-6 for growth, as well as the IL-6–induced growth of primary bone marrow-derived plasma cells. INCB16562 antagonizes the growth of myeloma xenografts in mice with antitumor activity. INCB16562 is promising for research of multiple myeloma .
Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) (OGP(10-14)), the C-terminal truncated pentapeptide of osteogenic growth peptide (OGP), retains the full OGP-like activity. Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) is responsible for the binding to the OGP receptor and activates an intracellular Gi-protein-MAP kinase signaling pathway. Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) is a potent mitogen and stimulator of osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) acts as a Src inhibitor .
Tacalcitol (1,24(R)-Dihydroxyvitamin D3; 1.alpha.,24R-Dihydroxyvitamin D3) can promote normal bonegrowth by regulating calcium ions. Tacalcitol inhibits cancer cell proliferation and migration. Tacalcitol can be used in the research of inflammation, cancer, and skin diseases .
FGFR2/3-IN-3 is a dual-target FGFR2/3 inhibitor with IC50s of 2.7 nM (TEL-FGFR2) and 3.9 nM (TEL-FGFR3), respectively. FGFR2/3-IN-3 has effective activity against both wild-type and mutant FGFR3. FGFR2/3-IN-3 has low CYP3A4 inhibitory effect and hERG toxicity. FGFR2/3-IN-3 improves the imbalance between chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation and promotes bonegrowth by inhibiting the signaling pathway mediated by mutant FGFR3. FGFR2/3-IN-3 shows a growth-promoting effect in a dwarfism mouse model and has the potential to study bone development disorder-related diseases such as achondroplasia (ACH) .
Tacalcitol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tacalcitol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tacalcitol (1,24(R)-Dihydroxyvitamin D3; 1.alpha.,24R-Dihydroxyvitamin D3) can promote normal bonegrowth by regulating calcium ions. Tacalcitol inhibits cancer cell proliferation and migration. Tacalcitol can be used in the research of inflammation, cancer, and skin diseases.
CSF1R-IN-12 (compound 1) is a potent inhibitor of CSF1R. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1, also known as macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF) is an important growth factor that controls bone marrow progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, and giants. CSF1R-IN-12 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases .
CSF1R-IN-13 is a potent inhibitor of CSF1R. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1, also known as macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF) is an important growth factor that controls bone marrow progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, and giants. CSF1R-IN-13 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases (extracted from patent WO2019134661A1, compound 32) .
Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) is a polycationic homopolymer composed of L-ornithine. Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) adsorbs negatively charged species through electrostatic interactions. Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) can be used as a key component of polyelectrolyte complexes to construct core-shell structure carriers to achieve controlled delivery of growth factors (such as rhBMP-2, FGF-1). Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) is used in the study of diabetes and bone regeneration related diseases .
ST-CY14 is an inhibitor for Nur77-PPARγ interaction with an EC50 of 3.15 μM, that binds to Nur77 (Kd=32 nM), blocks Nur77 from being ubiquitinated and degraded by PPARγ, reduces fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial respiration, and inhibits the transcription of CD36 and FABP4. ST-CY14 inhibits the proliferation and migration of cancer cell MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. ST-CY14 inhibits tumor growth and bone metastasis in mouse models .
CSF1R-IN-14 is an isoindolinone derivative compound. CSF1R-IN-14 is a potent inhibitor of CSF1R. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1, also known as macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF) is an important growth factor that controls bone marrow progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, and giants. CSF1R-IN-14 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases (extracted from patent WO2019134662A1, compound 1) .
DL-O-Phosphoserine is a normal metabolite in human biofluids and is a mixture of phosphoserine with two stereochemical structures (D-type and L-type O-phospho-serine). O-phospho-L-serine is a competitive inhibitor of serine racemase and phagocytosis. O-phospho-L-serine inhibits the enzymatic reaction by competing with the active site of serine racemase, thereby affecting the production of D-serine. O-phospho-L-serine also mimics the phosphatidylserine head group, binds to the phosphatidylserine receptor, interferes with phagocytic signal transduction, and partially blocks the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by cells. O-phospho-L-serin can be used in the research of retinal regeneration, bone repair, and insect growth and development .
17β-Hydroxy exemestane (17-H-EXE) is the primary active metabolite of Exemestane (HY-13632). 17β-Hydroxy exemestane is an aromatase inhibitor (IC50 = 69 nM) and an androgen receptor (AR) agonist (IC50 = 39.6 nM) that is selective for AR over estrogen receptor α (ERα; IC50 = 21.2 μM). 17β-Hydroxy exemestane stimulates growth of AR- and ERα-positive MCF-7 (EC50= 2.7 μM) and T47D breast cancer cells (EC50s = 0.43 and 1500 nM for AR- and ER-mediated growth, respectively) and inhibits proliferation of testosterone-treated aromatase-overexpressing MCF-7 cells. 17β-Hydroxy exemestane inhibits increases in serum cholesterol and LDL levels and prevents decreases in bone mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae and femur, as well as femoral bending strength and compressive strength of the fifth lumbar vertebrae in ovariectomized rats .
Isomangiferin is an orally active xanthone C-glucoside, and its chemical structure is similar to Mangiferin (HY-N0290). Isomangiferin is an effective VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitor, which can induces cell apoptosis, inhibit the growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of breast cancer. Isomangiferin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby improving the renal function indicators of diabetic mice. Isomangiferin exhibits inhibitory effects on various bacteria and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Isomangiferin promotes the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and reduces cell apoptosis and the production of ROS by activating the AMPK/ACC pathway, thereby facilitating fracture healing .
Isomangiferin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isomangiferin (HY-N0772). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isomangiferin is an orally active xanthone C-glucoside, and its chemical structure is similar to Mangiferin (HY-N0290). Isomangiferin is an effective VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitor, which can induces cell apoptosis, inhibit the growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of breast cancer. Isomangiferin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby improving the renal function indicators of diabetic mice. Isomangiferin exhibits inhibitory effects on various bacteria and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Isomangiferin promotes the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and reduces cell apoptosis and the production of ROS by activating the AMPK/ACC pathway, thereby facilitating fracture healing.
LDN-214117 is an orally active ALK2 inhibitor with well-tolerated and good brain penetration. LDN-214117 has a high selectivity and low cytotoxicity for ALK2 with an IC50 value of 24 nM. LDN-214117 also is a specific bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) signaling inhibitor and has relatively selective inhibition for BMP6 with an IC50 value of 100 nM. LDN-214117 can be used for the research of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) .
Ossification is a tightly regulated process, performed by specialized cells called osteoblasts. Dysregulation of this process may cause inadequate or excessive mineralization of bones or ectopic calcification, all of which have grave consequences for human health.
Osteoblasts play important roles in the process of osteogenesis and prevention of osteonecrosis. Osteoblast formation and bone formation are regulated by hormones, growth factors, cytokines, etc.
MCE offers a unique collection of 718 bone formation compounds with identified and potential inducing osteogenesis activity. MCE bone formation compound library is a useful tool for the study of bone disease drugs and pharmacology.
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions. The TGF-β superfamily comprises TGF-βs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins and related proteins. Signaling begins with the binding of a TGF beta superfamily ligand to a TGF beta type II receptor. The type II receptor is a serine/threonine receptor kinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of the Type I receptor. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) which can now bind the coSMAD (e.g. SMAD4). R-SMAD/coSMAD complexes accumulate in the nucleus where they act as transcription factors and participate in the regulation of target gene expression. Deregulation of TGF-β signaling contributes to developmental defects and human diseases, including cancers, some bone diseases, chronic kidney disease, etc.
MCE designs a unique collection of 349 TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway compounds. TGF-beta/Smad Compound Library acts as a useful tool for TGF-beta/Smad-related drug screening and disease research.
Stem cells, which are found in all multi-cellular organisms, can divide and differentiate into diverse special cell types and can self-renew to produce more stem cells. To be useful in therapy, stem cells must be converted into desired cell types as necessary which is called induced differentiation or directed differentiation. Understanding and using signaling pathways for differentiation is an important method in successful regenerative medicine. Small molecules or growth factors induce the conversion of stem cells into appropriate progenitor cells, which will later give rise to the desired cell type. There is a variety of signal molecules and molecular families that may affect the establishment of germ layers in vivo, such as fibroblast growth factors (FGFs); the wnt family or superfamily of transforming growth factors β (TGFβ) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). Unfortunately, for now, a high cost of recombinant factors is likely to limit their use on a larger scale in medicine. The more promising technique focuses on the use of small molecules. These small molecules can be used for either activating or deactivating specific signaling pathways. They enhance reprogramming efficiency by creating cells that are compatible with the desired type of tissue. It is a cheaper and non-immunogenic method.
MCE Differentiation Inducing Compound Library contains a unique collection of 2,024 compounds that act on signaling pathways for differentiation. These compounds are potential stimulators for induced differentiation. This library is a useful tool for researching directed differentiation and regenerative medicine.
Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) is a polycationic homopolymer composed of L-ornithine. Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) adsorbs negatively charged species through electrostatic interactions. Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) can be used as a key component of polyelectrolyte complexes to construct core-shell structure carriers to achieve controlled delivery of growth factors (such as rhBMP-2, FGF-1). Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) is used in the study of diabetes and bone regeneration related diseases .
Vosoritide (BMN 111) acetate is a natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) agonist that acts on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes to promote bonegrowth .
pTH (1-37) (human) is a fragment of parathyroid hormone (PTH). pTH (1-37) (human) induces the cAMP formation and increases alkaline phosphatase activity. pTH (1-37) (human) increases growth, bone calcium content, and bone mineral density (BMD) in uremic animals. pTH (1-37) (human) has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) (OGP(10-14)), the C-terminal truncated pentapeptide of osteogenic growth peptide (OGP), retains the full OGP-like activity. Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) is responsible for the binding to the OGP receptor and activates an intracellular Gi-protein-MAP kinase signaling pathway. Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) is a potent mitogen and stimulator of osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Osteogenic Growth Peptide (10-14) acts as a Src inhibitor .
BMP-2 Epitope (73-92) is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 73 to 92 fragment of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) knuckle epitope. It is a member of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b). This peptide fragment is able to raise alkaline phosphate activity in murine multipotent mesenchymal cells.)
ST-CY14 is an inhibitor for Nur77-PPARγ interaction with an EC50 of 3.15 μM, that binds to Nur77 (Kd=32 nM), blocks Nur77 from being ubiquitinated and degraded by PPARγ, reduces fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial respiration, and inhibits the transcription of CD36 and FABP4. ST-CY14 inhibits the proliferation and migration of cancer cell MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. ST-CY14 inhibits tumor growth and bone metastasis in mouse models .
Sotatercept (ACE-011) is a soluble activin receptor 2A (ACVR2A) type IgG Fc fusion protein. Sotatercept combines activin and growth differentiation factor to try to restore the balance between growth promotion and growth inhibition signal pathways. Sotatercept has potential application in pulmonary arterial hypertension, anemia, bone loss, erythropoiesis, multiple myeloma (MM) osteolytic lesions .
Tagraxofusp (SL-401) is a potent IL-3 receptor inhibitor to inhibits plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) growth in multiple myeloma (MM) bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Tagraxofusp has synergistic effect with Bortezomib (HY-10227) and Pomalidomide (HY-10984) to suppress multiple myeloma (MM) .
Costunolide ((+)-Costunolide) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Costunolide can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on breast cancer cells .
DL-O-Phosphoserine is a normal metabolite in human biofluids and is a mixture of phosphoserine with two stereochemical structures (D-type and L-type O-phospho-serine). O-phospho-L-serine is a competitive inhibitor of serine racemase and phagocytosis. O-phospho-L-serine inhibits the enzymatic reaction by competing with the active site of serine racemase, thereby affecting the production of D-serine. O-phospho-L-serine also mimics the phosphatidylserine head group, binds to the phosphatidylserine receptor, interferes with phagocytic signal transduction, and partially blocks the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by cells. O-phospho-L-serin can be used in the research of retinal regeneration, bone repair, and insect growth and development .
Isomangiferin is an orally active xanthone C-glucoside, and its chemical structure is similar to Mangiferin (HY-N0290). Isomangiferin is an effective VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitor, which can induces cell apoptosis, inhibit the growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of breast cancer. Isomangiferin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby improving the renal function indicators of diabetic mice. Isomangiferin exhibits inhibitory effects on various bacteria and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Isomangiferin promotes the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and reduces cell apoptosis and the production of ROS by activating the AMPK/ACC pathway, thereby facilitating fracture healing .
Costunolide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Costunolide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Costunolide ((+)-Costunolide) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Costunolide can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on breast cancer cells .
Isomangiferin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isomangiferin (HY-N0772). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isomangiferin is an orally active xanthone C-glucoside, and its chemical structure is similar to Mangiferin (HY-N0290). Isomangiferin is an effective VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitor, which can induces cell apoptosis, inhibit the growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of breast cancer. Isomangiferin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby improving the renal function indicators of diabetic mice. Isomangiferin exhibits inhibitory effects on various bacteria and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Isomangiferin promotes the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and reduces cell apoptosis and the production of ROS by activating the AMPK/ACC pathway, thereby facilitating fracture healing.
The BMP-13/GDF-6 protein is a multifunctional growth factor that plays a critical role in retinal development, control of apoptosis, and dorsoventral positional information. It is critical for bone and joint development in various anatomical regions, influencing species-specific skeletal changes and contributing to the evolution of unique anatomical features. BMP-13/GDF-6 Protein, Mouse is the recombinant mouse-derived BMP-13/GDF-6 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.
Bone morphogenetic protein 3 (BMP-3; GDF10) is a polymorphic ligand protein belonging to the TGF-β family. BMP-3 is the main component of osteoblast and has osteogenic activity. BMP-3 plays an inhibitory role in the carcinogenic process, and inhibits the occurrence of colon tumors through ActRIIB/ SMad2-dependent and TAK1/JNK signaling pathways. BMP-3B/GDF10 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc) has a total length of 110 amino acids (Q367-R476), is expressed in HEK293 cells.
The GDF-11/BMP-11 protein is a secreted signaling protein that globally regulates anterior/posterior axis patterning during development and plays a key role in mesoderm and neural tissue patterning. GDF-11/BMP-11 is critical for vertebral and orofacial development and signals through type 2 activin receptors (ACVR2A and ACVR2B) and type 1 activin receptors (ACVR1B, ACVR1C and TGFBR1), leading to SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylation. GDF-11/BMP-11 Protein, Human (HEK293, solution) is the recombinant human-derived GDF-11/BMP-11 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with tag free.
Human AREG mRNA encodes the human amphiregulin (AREG) protein, a member of the epidermal growth factor family. AREG interacts with the EGF/TGF-alpha receptor to promote the growth of normal epithelial cells, and inhibits the growth of certain aggressive carcinoma cell lines. It also functions in mammary gland, oocyte and bone tissue development.
Human FGF18 mRNA encodes the human fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) protein, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF18 probably plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration. It is also required for normal ossification and bone development.
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