2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  4. Stepharine

Stepharine, an natural alkaloid, directly interactes with TLR4 and binds to the TLR4/MD2 complex (TLR4 inhibitor). Stepharine possesses anti-aging, anti-viral and anti-hypertensive effects.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Stepharine Chemical Structure

Stepharine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 2810-21-1

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Stepharine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Stepharine

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TLR3 TLR8 TLR9 TLR2 TLR4 TLR7 TLR1 TLR6

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Description

Stepharine, an natural alkaloid, directly interactes with TLR4 and binds to the TLR4/MD2 complex (TLR4 inhibitor). Stepharine possesses anti-aging, anti-viral and anti-hypertensive effects[1].

In Vitro

Stepharine (10, 30 μM) substantially inhibits nitric oxide (NO) release as well as the mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory mediators [inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β] in LPS-activated BV-2 cells[1].
Stepharine (10, 30 μM) inhibits LPS-induced increase of TLR4 expression, IκBα phosphorylation, and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation[1].
Stepharine exhibits neuroprotective effects on SH-SY5Y cells cultured with LPS-treated conditioned medium. Stepharine has also shown to inhibit cholinesterase in vitro[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Stepharine Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Stepharine (500 μg/kg) inhibited NeuN+ cells loss and Iba-1+ cells increase in the MCAO ischemic cortex[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model[1].
Dosage: 500 μg/kg (20 μL).
Administration: Intranasally injected into rats 1h after MCAO.
Result: Attenuated the neuronal loss induced by MCAO (MCAO+ stepharine) group.
Molecular Weight

297.35

Formula

C18H19NO3
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Pale purple to purple

SMILES

COC1=C2C3(C=CC(C=C3)=O)C[C@]4([H])C2=C(CCN4)C=C1OC
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (84.08 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.3630 mL 16.8152 mL 33.6304 mL
5 mM 0.6726 mL 3.3630 mL 6.7261 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

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g

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(per animal)

μL

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

COA (261 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.3630 mL 16.8152 mL 33.6304 mL 84.0760 mL
5 mM 0.6726 mL 3.3630 mL 6.7261 mL 16.8152 mL
10 mM 0.3363 mL 1.6815 mL 3.3630 mL 8.4076 mL
15 mM 0.2242 mL 1.1210 mL 2.2420 mL 5.6051 mL
20 mM 0.1682 mL 0.8408 mL 1.6815 mL 4.2038 mL
25 mM 0.1345 mL 0.6726 mL 1.3452 mL 3.3630 mL
30 mM 0.1121 mL 0.5605 mL 1.1210 mL 2.8025 mL
40 mM 0.0841 mL 0.4204 mL 0.8408 mL 2.1019 mL
50 mM 0.0673 mL 0.3363 mL 0.6726 mL 1.6815 mL
60 mM 0.0561 mL 0.2803 mL 0.5605 mL 1.4013 mL
80 mM 0.0420 mL 0.2102 mL 0.4204 mL 1.0510 mL
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Stepharine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Stepharine2810-21-1Toll-like Receptor (TLR)ischemicstrokecholinesterasenitricoxideNOiNOSproinflammatorycytokineIL-6IL-8Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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