2. Immunology/Inflammation Autophagy Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. COX Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Salicylic acid

Salicylic acid  (Synonyms: 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-B0167 Purity: 98.42%
COA Handling Instructions

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Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Salicylic acid Chemical Structure

Salicylic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 69-72-7

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Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Salicylic acid:

Salicylic acid Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation[1].

IC50 & Target[1]

COX-2

 

Microbial Metabolite

 

Autophagy

 

Mitophagy

 

Apoptosis

 

In Vitro

Salicylic acid is an effective inhibitor of COX-2 activity at concentrations far below those required to inhibit NF-κB (20 mg/mL) activation. Salicylic acid inhibits prostaglandin E2 release when add together with interleukin 1β for 24 hr with an IC50 value of 5 μg/mL, an effect that is independent of NF-κB activation or COX-2 transcription or translation. Salicylic acid acutely (30 min) also causes a concentration-dependent inhibition of COX-2 activity measured in the presence of 0, 1, or 10 μM exogenous arachidonic acid. In contrast, when exogenous arachidonic acid is increased to 30 μM, Salicylic acid is a very weak inhibitor of COX-2 activity with an IC50 of >100 μg/mL. When added together with IL-1β for 24 hr, Salicylic acid causes a concentration-dependent inhibition of PGE2 release with an apparent IC50 value of approximately 5 μg/mL. The ability of Salicylic acid to directly inhibit COX-2 activity in A549 cells is tested after a 30-min exposure period, followed by the addition of different concentrations of exogenous arachidonic acid (1, 10, and 30 μM). Salicylic acid causes a concentration-dependent inhibition of COX-2 activity in the absence of added arachidonic acid or in the presence of 1 or 10 μM exogenous substrate with an apparent IC50 value of approximately 5 μg/mL. However, when the same experiments are performed using 30 μM arachidonic acid, Salicylic acid is an ineffective inhibitor of COX-2 activity, with an apparent IC50 value of more than 100 μg/mL, and achieves a maximal inhibition of less than 50%[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Salicylic acid Related Antibodies
In Vivo

In C57Bl/6 DIO mice, Salicylic acid decreases both fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels. Furthermore, there is a trend to reduce plasma triglyceride levels after Salicylic acid treatment in C57Bl/6 DIO mice (P=0.059). Salicylic acid significantly reduces 11β-HSD1 mRNA in omental adipose tissue in C57Bl/6 DIO mice, with a similar trend in mesenteric adipose (P=0.057). In mesenteric adipose of C57Bl/6 DIO mice, Salicylic acid also reduces 11β-HSD1 enzyme activity[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

138.12

Formula

C7H6O3
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light brown

SMILES

O=C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (362.00 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 1 mg/mL (7.24 mM; Need ultrasonic)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 7.2401 mL 36.2004 mL 72.4008 mL
5 mM 1.4480 mL 7.2401 mL 14.4802 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.10 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (18.10 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a clear solution of 2.5 mg/mL.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.42%

COA (252 KB) HNMR (112 KB) RP-HPLC (261 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

To assess the direct effect of Salicylic acid on COX-2 activity after induction has occurred, A549 cells are first treated with IL-1β for 24 hr, and the culture medium is replaced with DMEM containing different concentrations of Salicylic acid(10, 100 and 1000 μg/mL). Cells are incubated at 37°C for 30 min. Arachidonic acid (1-30 μM) is then added for 15 min, and the medium is removed for the measurement of PGE2[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[2]

Mice[2]
Adult male C57Bl/6 mice are at age 12 weeks. Diet-induced obese C57Bl/6 mice (C57Bl/6 DIO) are given 10 weeks of high-fat diet (58% fat, 12% sucrose) before treatment. Salicylic acid (120 mg/kg/day) is administered from 1 week after arriving (C57Bl/6 Lean), after 10 weeks of high-fat feeding (C57Bl/6 DIO), or after achieving target weight (HSD1KO-DIO) for 4 weeks to groups of n=8 via osmotic minipumps implant subcutaneously between the scapulae.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 7.2401 mL 36.2004 mL 72.4008 mL 181.0020 mL
5 mM 1.4480 mL 7.2401 mL 14.4802 mL 36.2004 mL
DMSO 10 mM 0.7240 mL 3.6200 mL 7.2401 mL 18.1002 mL
15 mM 0.4827 mL 2.4134 mL 4.8267 mL 12.0668 mL
20 mM 0.3620 mL 1.8100 mL 3.6200 mL 9.0501 mL
25 mM 0.2896 mL 1.4480 mL 2.8960 mL 7.2401 mL
30 mM 0.2413 mL 1.2067 mL 2.4134 mL 6.0334 mL
40 mM 0.1810 mL 0.9050 mL 1.8100 mL 4.5251 mL
50 mM 0.1448 mL 0.7240 mL 1.4480 mL 3.6200 mL
60 mM 0.1207 mL 0.6033 mL 1.2067 mL 3.0167 mL
80 mM 0.0905 mL 0.4525 mL 0.9050 mL 2.2625 mL
100 mM 0.0724 mL 0.3620 mL 0.7240 mL 1.8100 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Salicylic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Salicylic acid69-72-72-Hydroxybenzoic acidCOXAutophagyMitophagyApoptosisEndogenous MetaboliteCyclooxygenaseMitochondrial AutophagyInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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