Alovudine (Synonyms: 3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine; 3′-Deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine; FLT)

Name: Alovudine
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B1516
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-B1516 Purity: 99.88%: Data Sheet
SDS

COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Solubility

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Alovudine (3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine) is a mtDNA synthesis inhibitor and a marker of DNA synthesis. Alovudine is less susceptible to inflammatory changes than ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and thus is a better biomarker in pancreatic cancer. Alovudine shows anti-orthopoxvirus and anti-leukemic activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Alovudine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 25526-93-6

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity

Free Sample (0.1 - 0.5 mg)		Apply Now
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	USD 29	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	USD 30	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
Solid
5 mg	USD 28	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
10 mg	USD 41	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
25 mg	USD 83	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
50 mg	USD 132	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
100 mg	USD 176	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: April 17
200 mg		Get quote
500 mg		Get quote

Get it by April 17 for select sizes. Order within 20 hrs 50 mins.

or Bulk Inquiry

* Please select Quantity before adding items.

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Featured Recommendations

•Related Screening Libraries:

•Related Small Molecules:

Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	> 250 μM Compound: 1, FLT	Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by Coulter counter analysis Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by Coulter counter analysis	[PMID: 24751439]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: 1, FLT	Antiretroviral activity against HIV-2 ROD infected in thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis Antiretroviral activity against HIV-2 ROD infected in thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 24751439]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	39 μM Compound: 1, FLT	Cytostatic activity against human CEM/0 cells expressing thymidine kinase assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by Coulter counter analysis Cytostatic activity against human CEM/0 cells expressing thymidine kinase assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by Coulter counter analysis	[PMID: 24751439]
CEM-SS	EC₅₀	20 nM Compound: 1, FLT	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 subtype 3B infected in CEM-SS cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 6 days by XTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV-1 subtype 3B infected in CEM-SS cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 6 days by XTT assay	[PMID: 22858097]
HeLa	EC₅₀	> 400 μM Compound: 1, FLT, Alovudine	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa P4/R5 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa P4/R5 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 22352809]
HeLa	EC₅₀	0.4 μM Compound: 1, FLT, Alovudine	Antiviral activity against HIV1 BaL infected in HeLa P4/R5 cells assessed as reduction of viral infection incubated for 2 hrs followed by incubated in drug-free medium for 46 hrs by single round infection beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 BaL infected in HeLa P4/R5 cells assessed as reduction of viral infection incubated for 2 hrs followed by incubated in drug-free medium for 46 hrs by single round infection beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 22352809]
HeLa	EC₅₀	0.8 μM Compound: 1, FLT, Alovudine	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in HeLa P4/R5 cells assessed as reduction of viral infection incubated for 2 hrs followed by incubated in drug-free medium for 46 hrs by single round infection beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in HeLa P4/R5 cells assessed as reduction of viral infection incubated for 2 hrs followed by incubated in drug-free medium for 46 hrs by single round infection beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 22352809]
L1210	IC₅₀	0.081 μM Compound: 1, FLT	Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by Coulter counter analysis Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by Coulter counter analysis	[PMID: 24751439]
MT4	CC₅₀	0.197 μM Compound: FddThd	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of normal uninfected MT-4 cells by 50% Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of normal uninfected MT-4 cells by 50%	[PMID: 1697345]

In Vitro

Alovudine (5-2000 nM, 6-10 days) depletes mitochondrial DNA, reduces mitochondrial encoded proteins, decreases basal oxygen consumption, decreases cell proliferation and viability, and promotes monocytic differentiationin in AML cells (OCI-AML2 and MV4-11)^[3].
Alovudine significantly augmentes DNA damage in BRCA1^-/- DT40 cells^[4].
Alovudine (0.5-2.5 μM, 6 days) prevents spontaneous cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) metastasis, without significant toxicity^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis ^[3]

Cell Line:	OCI-AML2 and MV4-11
Concentration:	500, 2000 nM (OCI-AML2); 50, 200 nM (MV4-11)
Incubation Time:	10 days (OCI-AML2 and MV4-11 cells); 9 days (MV4-11 cells)
Result:	Increased expression of CD11b, a cell surface marker associated with monocytic differentiation. Induced morphological changes typical of monocytic differentiation.

In Vivo

Alovudine (50 mg/kg bid, p.o., 14 days) reduces the growth of leukemia in mouse models of human leukemia^[3].
Alovudine (50-250 μM, 9 days) prevents tumour growth and metastasis in pre-clinical animals implanted into MDA-MB-231 tumour cells^[5].
Alovudine (25 mg/kg (a loading dose of 25 mg/kg in 5 minutes), i.v.) reaches the extracellular fluid of the brain not by cerebrospinal fluid, but via the cerebral capillaries in rats^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

244.22

Formula

C₁₀H₁₃FN₂O₄

CAS No.

25526-93-6

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](F)C[C@H](N2C(NC(C(C)=C2)=O)=O)O1

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (409.46 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : ≥ 25 mg/mL (102.37 mM)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	4.0946 mL	20.4732 mL	40.9464 mL
5 mM	0.8189 mL	4.0946 mL	8.1893 mL
10 mM	0.4095 mL	2.0473 mL	4.0946 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.88%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (278 KB) SDS (393 KB)

COA (251 KB) HNMR (259 KB) LCMS (91 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Challapalli A, et al. 3'-Deoxy-3'-¹⁸F-fluorothymidine positron emission tomography as an early predictor of disease progression in patients with advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2015 May;42(6):831-40. [Content Brief]

[2]. Smee DF, et al. A review of compounds exhibiting anti-orthopoxvirus activity in animal models. Antiviral Res. 2003 Jan;57(1-2):41-52. [Content Brief]

[3]. Yehudai D, et al. The thymidine dideoxynucleoside analog, alovudine, inhibits the mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ, impairs oxidative phosphorylation and promotes monocytic differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica. 2019 May;104(5):963-972. [Content Brief]

[4]. Hosen Md Bayejid. Characterization of Alovudine genotoxicity and its potential implementation as an anti-cancer drug.

[5]. Mauro-Lizcano M, et al. High mitochondrial DNA content is a key determinant of stemness, proliferation, cell migration, and cancer metastasis in vivo. Cell Death Dis. 2024 Oct 11;15(10):745. [Content Brief]

[6]. Stahle L, et al. Transport of alovudine (3'-fluorothymidine) into the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid of the rat, studied by microdialysis. Life Sci. 2000 Mar 31;66(19):1805-16. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	4.0946 mL	20.4732 mL	40.9464 mL	102.3659 mL
	5 mM	0.8189 mL	4.0946 mL	8.1893 mL	20.4732 mL
	10 mM	0.4095 mL	2.0473 mL	4.0946 mL	10.2366 mL
	15 mM	0.2730 mL	1.3649 mL	2.7298 mL	6.8244 mL
	20 mM	0.2047 mL	1.0237 mL	2.0473 mL	5.1183 mL
	25 mM	0.1638 mL	0.8189 mL	1.6379 mL	4.0946 mL
	30 mM	0.1365 mL	0.6824 mL	1.3649 mL	3.4122 mL
	40 mM	0.1024 mL	0.5118 mL	1.0237 mL	2.5591 mL
	50 mM	0.0819 mL	0.4095 mL	0.8189 mL	2.0473 mL
	60 mM	0.0682 mL	0.3412 mL	0.6824 mL	1.7061 mL
	80 mM	0.0512 mL	0.2559 mL	0.5118 mL	1.2796 mL
	100 mM	0.0409 mL	0.2047 mL	0.4095 mL	1.0237 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Alovudine Related Classifications

Keywords:

Alovudine25526-93-63'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine 3′-Deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine FLTDNA/RNA SynthesisOrthopoxvirusanti-orthopoxvirusanti-leukemicOCI-AML2MV4-11rat.Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

Your Recently Viewed Products:

Product Name

Requested Quantity *

Applicant Name *

Salutation

Email Address *

Phone Number *

Department

Organization Name *

City

State

Country or Region *

Remarks

Product Name

Lot #

Applicant Name *

Email Address *

Phone Number

Department *

Organization Name *

Country or Region *

Remarks

Name
Email *

	Sorry, but the email address you supplied was invalid.

Alovudine (Synonyms: 3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine; 3′-Deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine; FLT)

Customer Review

Featured Recommendations

•Related Screening Libraries:

•Related Small Molecules:

Biological Activity

Purity & Documentation

References

Customer Review

Molarity Calculator

Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Alovudine Related Classifications

Keywords:

Your Recently Viewed Products:

Customer Review

Request for HNMR Report

SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)

Request for HNMR Report